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Meitei Royal Etiquette
Meitei royal etiquette is the traditional system of conduct and ceremonial protocol observed in the royal court of the Meitei people (also known as Manipuris) of Kangleipak (Manipur Kingdom). It encompasses prescribed forms of speech, dress, posture, and behavior appropriate to interactions within the court. The etiquette reflects a hierarchical social structure and plays a role in maintaining order, respect, and continuity of Meitei culture, Meitei cultural practices. It has been transmitted through generations as part of the broader framework of Meitei court traditions, notably documented in the Loiyumpa Silyel.Manipur: Treaties & Documents. India: Mittal Publications, 1993. p. 7–11 State Duty of the Crown (Meitei Royal Protocol) In Meitei royal tradition, the duties and conduct of the sovereign are characterized by restraint and formality. Public audiences granted by the crown are infrequent, and official addresses are delivered rarely, typically no more than once or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
A Classical Meitei Painting Depicting Meitei King Chandrakirti, The Ruler Of Kangleipak (Manipur), Riding On Elephants, On The Way To “Jila Durbar” (“Jila Darbar”) To Meet Lord Northbrook, The Then Viceroy Of India
A, or a, is the first Letter (alphabet), letter and the first vowel letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''English alphabet#Letter names, a'' (pronounced ), plural ''aes''. It is similar in shape to the Ancient Greek letter alpha, from which it derives. The uppercase version consists of the two slanting sides of a triangle, crossed in the middle by a horizontal bar. The lowercase version is often written in one of two forms: the double-storey and single-storey . The latter is commonly used in handwriting and fonts based on it, especially fonts intended to be read by children, and is also found in italic type. In English, ''English articles, a'' is the indefinite article, with the alternative form ''an''. Name In English, the name of the letter is the ''long A'' sound, pronounced . Its name in most other languages matches the letter's pronunciation in open syllables. History The earliest know ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Induprabha
Induprabha (), also spelled as Induprava (), was a Meitei queen of Kachari kingdom and a princess of Manipur kingdom. She was the consort of Dimasa king Krishnachandra of Cachar (in modern day Assam state).History of the Dimasas: From the Earliest Times to 1896 A.D.. India: Autonomous Council, N.C. Hills District (Assam), 1997. p. 75, 185 She was the daughter of Meitei king Modhuchandra Singh of Manipur.Joykumar Singh, N.. Colonialism to Democracy: A History of Manipur, 1819-1972. India: Spectrum Publications, 2002. p. 6 In Meitei royal chronicle, she was nicknamed as ''"Sicha Mayang Reima"''. ''Mayang Reima'' is a title for any Meitei queen of Cachar. Marriage Princess Induprabha, daughter of King Modhuchandra Singh of Manipur, was married to King Krishnachandra of Cachar around 1802 CE. Following the death of King Krishnachandra, his brother Govindchandra ascended the throne and married Induprabha without her consent. This action caused discontent among both th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Takhel Ngamba
The Takhel Ngamba (literally, "Success against Takhel" or "the conquest of Tripura" or "Victor of Tripura") is a Meitei language literary text that chronicles the historical conflict between the Meitei king Garib Niwaj, also known as Pamheiba, of the Manipur Kingdom, and the Tripuris (referred to as Tepperahs) of the Tripura Kingdom, as well as the Burmese forces. It is an epic composition from the medieval period, attributed to the prominent writer Nunggangbam Govindharam. The text documents the Meitei imperial conquest over the Tripuris and the Tripura Kingdom.A Glimpse of Manipuri Literary Works. N.p.: FSP Media Publications, 2018. p. 66-68Manihar Singh, Ch. A History of Manipuri Literature. India: Sahitya Akademi, 1996. It is written in the Meitei script. " Takhel" () is a Meitei language word for the land of Tripura and the Tripuri people, as known to the Meitei people (alias Manipuris).North-East India: Interpreting the Sources of Its History. India: Indian C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meitei Queens Of Tripura
The royal marriage alliances between the Meitei royal family, Ningthouja dynasty () of Manipur kingdom and the Manikya dynasty of Tripura kingdom brought good relationship between the two states as well as assimilation of the two cultures. The Tripuri kings married not only the Meitei princesses but also many other ladies of commoners' families of Meitei community (alias Manipuri ethnicity). Meitei queens were remembered for their contributions to the development of the Tripuri society. So, they were given high status in the royal house of Tripura. Early queens Unnamed queen The first historically recorded matrimonial alliances between the Meitei kingdom and Tripura kingdom is mentioned in the Tripuri royal chronicle of "Sri Rajmala". According to the book, Tripuri King Taidakshin, who was the grandson of King Trilochana, married a Meitei princess in 5th century CE. However, names of the princess as well as of her father was not mentioned. Queen Yangnu Cheitharol Kumb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meitei–Shan Relations
The historical relationship between the Meitei people (alias Manipuris) of the Kingdom of Kangleipak, later known as Manipur (largely in modern day northeastern India), and the Shan people of the Pong Kingdom (largely in modern day Myanmar/Burma) was characterized by extensive cultural exchanges, diplomatic interactions, and mutual influence. While political boundaries defined the kingdoms, the interactions between the people—through royal marriages, trade relations, shared festivals, and diplomatic missions—played a significant role in shaping their social, cultural, and linguistic landscapes. Events such as the international boundary treaty of 1470 were not merely political agreements but also reflected the personal and communal ties that developed over time. This relationship facilitated the exchange of traditions, languages, and customs, leaving a lasting impact on the cultural heritage of both communities. Shan people are known as "Pong" by the Meiteis, named after their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chakpa Makhao Ngambi
Chakpa Makhao Ngambi was the Burmese queen of Toungoo dynasty of Kingdom of Ava (modern day Upper Burma) and the Meitei princess of Ningthouja dynasty of Kangleipak (Manipur Kingdom). She was the Queen consort of King Taninganway () of Myanmar, until her abdication after having a son. By birth, she was a first-degree relative of King Charairongba of Manipur Kingdom and a second-degree relative of King Pamheiba Garib Niwaj, Charairongba's successor. Her abdication from the Burmese throne caused a long time international conflict between the Meiteis ( Ningthouja dynasty) and the Bamars (Toungoo dynasty). Family The parents of princess Chakpa Makhao Ngambi () are opined by some scholars to be Meitei prince Tonsen Ngampa () and his wife Ngangpam Chanu Ngaikhom Ngampi (). Contrary to this fact, noblemen in the court of King Pamheiba, namely "Aroi Laishrancha" () and "Atibar Yumnancha" () wrote the "Samsok Ngampa" (), which mentioned that princess Sicha Chakpa Makhao Ngam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burmese–Meitei Relations
The early political relations between Burmese Kingdom of historical Myanmar (Burma) and Meitei Kingdom of erstwhile Manipur (Kangleipak) were marked by both diplomatic interactions and periods of conflict. Meitei people in Myanmar are known as "Kathe" or "Cassay" or "Cassey" or "Ponna". Burmese people (of :en:Bamar people, Bamar ethnicity or :en:Burman people, Burman ethnic group) are known as "Awa" or "Ava", named after one of their historical places, by the Meitei people. Around 500 Meitei horsemen helped the Burmese King Alaungpaya in his invasion of Siam (Thailand). Linguistic relationship Both Burmese language (officially called Myanmar language) and Meitei language (officially called Manipuri language) belong to the same family, Tibeto-Burman, which is a branch of the Sino-Tibetan linguistic family. Relations during 15th century Relations were notably improved during the reign of Meitei King Kyamba (1467–1508 CE), who established a matrimonial alliance with Kikho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuranganayani
Kuranganayani was a Manipuri princess who became Queen of the Ahom Kingdom. She was the daughter of Jai Singh, she was married to Rajeswar Singha. She was instrumental in killing Moamoria rebel Raghab Borbarua. Life and marriages The Ahom King, Rajeswar Singha, helped Kuranganayani’s father reclaim the throne of Manipur. Out of gratitude, Ching-Thang Khomba offered Kuranganayani in marriage to Rajeswar Singha. Kuranganayani was sent in a marriage party with 2 nobleman, 1 elephant, 1 horse, 200 men and woman and much dowry. They were married in Manaimaji in 1768. They remained married until his death in 1769, after he was seriously ill for twenty days. After the accession of her brother in law, Lakshmi Singha Sunyeopha also Lakshmi Singha ( – 13 December 1780), was the 34th Ahom kingdom, Ahom Swargadeo, king, who reigned from 1769 to 1780. After the death of Rajeswar Singha, Suremphaa, he married the Queen Kuranganayani and became the king of the ..., Moamoria rebel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahom–Meitei Relations
The :en:Ahom_people, Ahom people (alias '':en:Tai_Ahom, Tai Ahoms'') and Meitei people (alias ''Manipuris''), integral to the histories of Assam and Manipur respectively, have a long history of political, cultural, and economic interactions. The Ahoms, of Tai people, Tai origin, established the Ahom Kingdom, which later became the modern state of Assam. The Meiteis ruled the Kangleipak Kingdom, which evolved into present-day Manipur state. Their relationship involved trade, diplomatic exchanges, cultural interactions, and occasional conflicts, influenced by geographical proximity and shared cultural elements, contributing to the historical development of both regions. According to scholar J. Roy, the relationship between the Ahom kingdom of Assam and the Meitei kingdom of Manipur was consistently cordial. A coin issued by Ahom king Swarga-deo Pramatha Singh in 1746 CE was discovered in Manipur, suggesting active commercial relations between the two kingdoms at that time. Despit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meitei Marriage
In Meitei culture, marriage is a sacred and special union between a man and a woman, done with religious ceremonies. The word for marriage in Meitei language is Luhongba (), which means the joining of the man and woman's hearts and souls, not just their bodies. Meitei people (also known as Manipuris) believe that women are called Oi-gi-lamdang (left way) and men are called Yet-ki-lamdang (right way). This shows that marriage is a lifelong partnership, both physically and spiritually. It is a Meitei intangible cultural heritage. Exogamy and endogamy In the past, marriage within one's own clan (endogamy) was common. For example, Khaba Shokchrongba, the father-in-law of Panthoibi, married a woman from his own clan. For Modern Meitei, endogamy is no longer permissible and exogamy is the norm. Exogamy has helped strengthen relationships between clans. Polygamy, or having more than one wife, was also once common. After a battle, the winner would often take the wife of the defeated en ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sana Konung
The Sana Konung () is the royal palace of the rulers of Manipur and their present-day descendants. After the 1891 Anglo-Manipur War, the British took over the Kangla Palace, and Sana Konung was built as the new royal residence, first occupied by Maharaja Churachand Singh in 1908. Construction The palace was commissioned in 1904–05, and the building materials are said to have costed Rs. 12,853. The structure occupied 56 by 31.3 metres area. The palace was designed on a mixed pattern of Mongol, Hindu and English architectures. It was completed in 1908. The neighbouring Shree Govindajee Temple was also constructed at the same time and was considered as being part of the palace complex. History After Churachand Singh, the Konung palace became the official residence of his successors Bodhchandra Singh, Okendrajit Singh and Leishemba Sanajaoba. The abolition of privy purses by the Government of India in 1971 caused loss of income to the-then titular king Okendrajit Singh, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
