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Maʼdi Language
Madi (pronounced ) is a Central Sudanic language spoken in Uganda and South Sudan. It is one of the Moru–Madi languages. The Madi people refer to their language as ''Madi ti'', literally "Madi mouth". The Madi people are found in Magwi County in South Sudan, and in Adjumani and Moyo districts in Uganda. Their population is about 390,000 (90,000 in South Sudan). Madi is mutually intelligible with Olubo, Lugbara, Moru, Avokaya, Kaliko and Logo, all of which are also Moru–Madi languages. Sociolinguistics Most Madi people are bilingual. In Uganda, the educated class speaks English as the second language and some also speak Swahili. In South Sudan, the educated Madis speak English and/or Arabic. The South Sudanese Madi also speak Juba Arabic, spoken in South Sudan and not understood in the North. The form of Juba Arabic spoken by the Madi is influenced by the Nubi language spoken in Uganda among Muslims who are mainly descendants of Gordons troops. Loanwords in Ugan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uganda
Uganda, officially the Republic of Uganda, is a landlocked country in East Africa. It is bordered to the east by Kenya, to the north by South Sudan, to the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, to the south-west by Rwanda, and to the south by Tanzania. The southern part includes a substantial portion of Lake Victoria, shared with Kenya and Tanzania. Uganda is in the African Great Lakes region, lies within the Nile basin, and has a varied equatorial climate. , it has a population of 49.3 million, of whom 8.5 million live in the capital and largest city, Kampala. Uganda is named after the Buganda, Buganda kingdom, which encompasses a large portion of the south, including Kampala, and whose language Luganda is widely spoken; the official language is English. The region was populated by various ethnic groups, before Bantu and Nilotic groups arrived around 3,000 years ago. These groups established influential kingdoms such as the Empire of Kitara. The arrival of Arab trade ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swahili Language
Swahili, also known as as it is referred to endonym and exonym, in the Swahili language, is a Bantu languages, Bantu language originally spoken by the Swahili people, who are found primarily in Tanzania, Kenya, and Mozambique (along the East African coast and adjacent littoral islands). Estimates of the number of Swahili speakers, including both native and second-language speakers, vary widely. They generally range from 150 million to 200 million; with most of its native speakers residing in Tanzania and Kenya. Swahili has a significant number of loanwords from other languages, mainly Arabic, as well as from Portuguese language, Portuguese, English language, English and German language, German. Around 40% of Swahili vocabulary consists of Arabic loanwords, including the name of the language ( , a plural adjectival form of an Arabic word meaning 'of the coasts'). The loanwords date from the era of contact between Arab slave trade, Arab traders and the Northeast Bantu languages, B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luo Languages
The dozen Luo, Lwo or Lwoian languages are spoken by the Luo peoples in an area ranging from southern Sudan to western Ethiopia to southern Kenya, with Dholuo extending into northern Tanzania and Alur into the Democratic Republic of the Congo. They form one of the two branches of the Western Nilotic family, the other being the Dinka– Nuer. The Southern Luo varieties are mutually intelligible, and apart from ethnic identity they might be considered a single language. Classification The time depth of the division of the Luo languages is moderate, perhaps close to two millennia. The division within the Southern Luo language dialect cluster is considerably shallower, perhaps five to eight centuries, reflecting migrations due to the impact of the Islamization of the Sudan region. The Luo languages are classified within the Glottolog ''Glottolog'' is an open-access online bibliographic database of the world's languages. In addition to listing linguistic materials ( gramma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nuer Language
The Nuer language (''Thok Naath'', "people's language") is a Nilotic language of the Western Nilotic group. It is spoken by the Nuer people of South Sudan and in western Ethiopia (region of Gambela). The language is very similar to Dinka and Atuot. The language is written with a Latin-based alphabet. There are several dialects of Nuer, although all share one written standard. For example, final , is pronounced in the Jikany dialect but is dropped in other dialects despite being indicated in the Nuer orthography used by all. Phonology A phonological analysis has yet to be done. The following consonants may therefore not all be distinct. Voicing is not distinctive at the end of a stem, regardless of whether it's at the end of a word or utterance. Consonant clusters due to suffixes tend to be simplified. Dental consonants are written ''th dh nh'' in the practical orthography. is written ''ɣ''. Vowels may be long or short, modal or breathy voiced. The latter are writ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atwot Language
Reel, or Atwot, is a Nilotic language of South Sudan that is closely related to Nuer. They call themselves ''Reel''; ''Atwot'' is their Dinka name. Phonology Consonants alternates with , with , and with . becomes near breathy vowels. Vowels Reid (2010) finds seven vowel phonemes, considering voice quality and vowel length as suprasegmental distinctions. Vowels have two voice qualities ( modal and breathy) and three lengths (short, long, and overlong). Tones Reel has three toneshigh, low, and falling. See also * Atwot people * Nilotic languages The Nilotic languages are a group of related languages spoken across a wide area between South Sudan and Tanzania by the Nilotic peoples. Etymology The word Nilotic means of or relating to the Nile river, Nile River or to the Nile region of A ... * Western Nilotic languages Notes References * Western Nilotic languages {{ns-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dinka Language
Dinka (natively , or simply ) is a Nilotic dialect cluster spoken by the Dinka people, a major ethnic group of South Sudan. There are several main varieties, such as Padang, Rek, Agaar, Ciec, Malual, Apaak, Aliab, Bor, Hol, Nyarweng, Twic East and Twic Mayardit, which are distinct enough (though mutually intelligible) to require separate literary standards. Jaang, Jieng or Muonyjieng is used as a general term to cover all Dinka languages. Recently ''Akutmɛ̈t Latueŋ Thuɔŋjäŋ'' (the Dinka Language Development Association) has proposed a unified written grammar of Dinka. The language most closely related to Dinka is the Nuer language. The Luo languages are also closely related. The Dinka vocabulary shows considerable proximity to Nubian, which is probably due to medieval interactions between the Dinka people and the kingdom of Alodia. The Dinka are found mainly along the Nile, specifically the west bank of the White Nile, a major tributary flowing north from Uganda, no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nilotic Languages
The Nilotic languages are a group of related languages spoken across a wide area between South Sudan and Tanzania by the Nilotic peoples. Etymology The word Nilotic means of or relating to the Nile river, Nile River or to the Nile region of Africa. Demographics Nilotic peoples, who are the native speakers of the languages, originally migrated from the Gezira (state), Gezira area in Sudan. Nilotic language speakers live in parts of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, South Sudan, Tanzania and Uganda. Subdivisions According to linguist Joseph Greenberg, the language family is divided up into three subgroups: *Eastern Nilotic languages such as Turkana language, Turkana and Maasai language, Maasai *Southern Nilotic languages such as Kalenjin languages, Kalenjin and Datooga language, Datooga *Western Nilotic languages such as Luo languages, Luo, Nuer languages, Nuer and Dinka language, Dinka Before Joseph Greenberg, Greenberg's reclassification, Nil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuku Dialect
The Kuku dialect, also called ''Kutuk na Kuku'' (Kuku language), belongs to the Karo language group, of the Southeastern Nilotic branch of the Nilotic language family of Southern Sudan and Northern Uganda. There is no standardized writing system for Kuku; it is sometimes written using the alphabet of a related language such as Bari or Kakwa, with the addition of characters to represent sounds that are not present in the other language. For example, the Bari alphabet can be adjusted for use in Kuku by adding the digraphs ''gb'' and ''kp'' to represent the voiced and voiceless labiovelar stops, respectively. The Kuku alphabet, which has two digraphs not found in the Bari alphabet, runs as follows: A E I O U Ö – B D G J K L – M N P R S T – W Y ’B ’D ’Y Ŋ – NY GB KP a e i o ö – b d g j k l – m n p r s t – w y ’b ’d ’y ŋ – ny gb kp Kuku is a tone language. It has agglutinative verbal morphology, with extensive suppletion. Nouns are d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Sudanese Civil War
The First Sudanese Civil War (also known as the Anyanya Rebellion or Anyanya I, after the name of the rebels, a term in the Madi language which means 'snake venom') was fought from 1955 to 1972 between the northern part of Sudan and the southern Sudan region which demanded representation and more regional autonomy. The war was divided into four major stages: initial guerrilla warfare, the creation of the Anyanya insurgency, political strife within the government, and establishment of the Southern Sudan Liberation Movement. Around a million people died over the course of the nearly 17-year long war. Although the Addis Ababa Agreement ended the war in 1972, it failed to completely dispel the tensions and addressed only some of the issues stated by southern Sudan. The breakdown of the initial appeasement later led to a reigniting of the north–south conflict during the Second Sudanese Civil War, which lasted from 1983 to 2005. Background Colonial era Until 1956, the B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acholi Dialect
Acholi ( , also Leb Acoli, or Leb Lwo) is a Southern Luo dialect spoken by the Acholi people in the districts of Gulu, Kitgum, Amuru, Lamwo, Agago, Nwoya, Omoro and Pader (a region known as Acholiland) in northern Uganda. The Dhopaluo (Chope) sub-dialect of Acholi is spoken in the Kiryandongo District in the kingdom of Bunyoro. It is also spoken in South Sudan in Magwi County, Eastern Equatoria. ''Song of Lawino'', well known in African literature, was written in Acholi by Okot p'Bitek, although its sequel, ''Song of Ocol'', was written in English. Acholi, Alur, and Jo Padola have between 84 and 90 per cent of their vocabulary in common and are mutually intelligible. However, they are often counted as separate languages because their speakers are ethnically distinct. Labwor (Thur), once considered a dialect of Acholi, may not be intelligible with it. Phonology Acholi has vowel harmony: all vowels in a word have to belong to a single class (e.g. ''the cold'' vs. ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuku People
The Kuku are a Nilotic tribe of the Karo people from South Sudan. They inhabit the agricultural lands of Kajo Keji County in Central Equatoria State. The Kuku speak a Kuku dialect, also called BaKuku. They are chiefly a farming people relying on mixed farming. During the rainy season they grow substantial food crops, mainly sorghum (known by the Kuku people as masika), pigeon peas (burukusuk), maize (mbaya), millet, cassava, sweet potatoes, and beans (loputu). In the dry season they herd cattle, goats and sheep herding on a small scale. The Kuku are good beekeepers. They practice collective hunting during dry season, hunting with bow and arrow. Their hunting practices also involve trapping animals in a net as their cultural food which was believed to be a source of wisdom and knowledge is the rat. History The Kuku people are part of a larger group known as the Karo Community (made up of six tribes: Kuku, Bari, Pojulu. Nyangwara Kakwa and Mundari). There was a good deal of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acholi People
The Acholi people ( , also spelled Acoli) are a Nilotic peoples, Nilotic ethnic group of Luo peoples (also spelled Lwo), found in Magwi County in South Sudan and Northern Region, Uganda, Northern Uganda (an area commonly referred to as Acholiland), including the districts of Agago District, Agago, Amuru District, Amuru, Gulu District, Gulu, Kitgum District, Kitgum, Nwoya District, Nwoya, Lamwo District, Lamwo, Pader District, Pader and Omoro District. The Acholi were estimated to number 2.3 million people and over 45,000 more were living in South Sudan in 2000.Lewis, M. Paul (ed.)"Acholi."Ethnologue, ''Ethnologue: Languages of the World.'' SIL International, September, 2010. Accessed 10 March 2011. Language The Acholi dialect is a Western Nilotic languages, Western Nilotic language, classified as Luo languages, Luo (or Lwo). It has similarity with Alur dialect, Alur, Padhola language, and other Luo languages in South Sudan Shilluk, Anuak, Pari, Balanda, Boor, Thuri. Then in Ken ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
