|
Master Of Lake-town
Esgaroth, or Lake-town, is a fictional community of Men upon the Long Lake that appears in the 1937 novel ''The Hobbit'' by J. R. R. Tolkien. Constructed entirely of wood and standing upon wooden pillars sunk into the lake-bed, the town is south of the Lonely Mountain and east of Mirkwood. The town's prosperity is apparently built upon trade between the Men who inhabit it, and the Elves and the Dwarves of northern Middle-earth. The chief mode of transport of the people of Esgaroth is stated to be their boats. At the time in which ''The Hobbit'' is set, Esgaroth appears to be a city-state, and a republic with no king (the only real republic shown in Middle-earth). The Master of Lake-town was said in-universe to be elected from among the "old and wise"; scholars have noted that all the same, he was trapped by his greed. Tolkien modelled the town closely on the real Neolithic pile dwellings that were discovered near the Alps in the 19th century. Fictional role Geography Es ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Hobbit
''The Hobbit, or There and Back Again'' is a children's fantasy novel by the English author J. R. R. Tolkien. It was published in 1937 to wide critical acclaim, being nominated for the Carnegie Medal and awarded a prize from the '' New York Herald Tribune'' for best juvenile fiction. It is recognized as a classic in children's literature and is one of the best-selling books of all time, with over 100 million copies sold. ''The Hobbit'' is set in Middle-earth and follows home-loving Bilbo Baggins, the titular hobbit who joins the wizard Gandalf and the thirteen dwarves of Thorin's Company on a quest to reclaim the dwarves' home and treasure from the dragon Smaug. Bilbo's journey takes him from his peaceful rural surroundings into more sinister territory. The story is told in the form of a picaresque or episodic quest; several chapters introduce a new type of monster or threat as Bilbo progresses through the landscape. Bilbo gains a new level of maturity, c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Westron
Westron (called ''Adûni'' in Westron, or ''Sôval Phârë'' meaning "Common Speech" in Westron), is the constructed language that was supposedly the Common Speech used in J. R. R. Tolkien's world of Middle-earth in the Third Age, at the time of ''The Lord of the Rings''. It ostensibly developed from Adûnaic, the ancient language of Númenor. In practice in the novel, Westron is nearly always represented by modern English, in a process of pseudo-translation which also sees Rohirric represented by Old English. That process allowed Tolkien not to develop Westron or Rohirric in any detail. In the Appendices of the novel, Tolkien gives some examples of Westron words. Context From his schooldays, J. R. R. Tolkien was, in the words of his biographer John Garth, "effusive about philology"; his schoolfriend Rob Gilson called him "quite a great authority on etymology". Tolkien was a professional philologist, a scholar of comparative and historical linguistics. He was especiall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manwë (Middle-earth)
The Valar (; singular Vala) are characters in J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth writings. They are "angelic powers" or "gods" subordinate to the one God ( Eru Ilúvatar). The ''Ainulindalë'' describes how some of the Ainur choose to enter the world (Arda) to complete its material development after its form is determined by the Music of the Ainur. The mightiest of these are called the Valar, or "the Powers of the World", and the others are known as the Maiar. The Valar are mentioned briefly in ''The Lord of the Rings'' but Tolkien had developed them earlier, in material published posthumously in ''The Silmarillion'', especially the "Valaquenta" (Quenya: "Account of the Valar"), ''The History of Middle-earth'', and ''Unfinished Tales''. Scholars have noted that the Valar resemble angels in Christianity but that Tolkien presented them rather more like pagan gods. Their role in providing what the characters in Middle-earth experience as luck or providence is also discussed. Orig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
One Ring
The One Ring, also called the Ruling Ring and Isildur's Bane, is a central plot element in J. R. R. Tolkien's ''The Lord of the Rings'' (1954–55). It first appeared in the earlier story '' The Hobbit'' (1937) as a magic ring that grants the wearer invisibility. Tolkien changed it into a malevolent Ring of Power and re-wrote parts of ''The Hobbit'' to fit in with the expanded narrative. ''The Lord of the Rings'' describes the hobbit Frodo Baggins's quest to destroy the Ring and save Middle-earth. Scholars have compared the story with the ring-based plot of Richard Wagner's opera cycle '' Der Ring des Nibelungen''; Tolkien denied any connection, but at the least, both men drew on the same mythology. Another source is Tolkien's analysis of Nodens, an obscure pagan god with a temple at Lydney Park, where he studied the Latin inscriptions, one containing a curse on the thief of a ring. Tolkien rejected the idea that the story was an allegory, saying that applicability to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christina Scull
Christina Scull (born 6 March 1942 in Bristol, England) is a British researcher and writer best known for her books about the works of J. R. R. Tolkien, in collaboration with her husband Wayne G. Hammond who is also a Tolkien scholar. They have jointly won Mythopoeic Scholarship Awards for Inklings Studies five times. Biography Christina Scull was born in Bristol and was educated at the Redmaids' High School there. She worked for the London Board of Trade from 1961 to 1971 while completing her Bachelor of Arts degree in art history and medieval history at Birkbeck College. From 1971 to 1995, she served as Librarian of the Sir John Soane's Museum in London. John Garth describes Scull and Hammond as "two highly regarded veterans of Tolkien studies." She married the American Tolkien scholar Wayne G. Hammond in December 1994 and has subsequently collaborated with him on several projects. Awards and distinctions Mythopoeic Scholarship Awards for Inklings Studies, all joint ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wayne G
"Twisted" is a song written and recorded by British act Wayne G featuring Stewart Who?. It was released as a single in 1997 and peaked at number 19 on the Australian ARIA Singles Chart The ARIA Charts are the main Australian music sales charts, issued weekly by the Australian Recording Industry Association. The charts are a record of the highest selling songs and albums in various genres in Australia. ARIA became the offici ... and was certified gold. Track listings ; UK Vinyl single # "Twisted" (6am Warriors Mix) # "Twisted" (Accapella) # "Twisted" (Truelove's Lectrolux Mix) # "Twisted" (Instrumental) ; Australian CD single (665731 2) # "Twisted" (Betty Ford Radio Edit) - 3:47 # "Twisted" (Do You Fuck As Good As You Dance Edit) - 3:00 # "Twisted" (6am Warriors Mix) - 7:50 # "Twisted" (Danny Tenaglia Club Mix) - 10:50 # "Twisted" (Sharp Remix) - 8:08 Charts Weekly charts Year-end charts Certifications References {{Authority control 1997 songs 1997 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Munro (archaeologist)
Robert Munro FRSE FSA LLD (21 July 1835 – 18 July 1920) was a Scottish people, Scottish physician and noted amateur archaeologist. Edinburgh University's Munro Lectures in Archaeology and Anthropology are named in his honour. Life He was born on 21 July 1835 at Assynt in Rossshire, and educated at Kiltearn Free Church School, and at the Royal Academy in Tain. He studied Medicine at the University of Edinburgh graduating MA in 1860 and MB ChB in 1867. He worked as a General Practitioner in Kilmarnock until 1886, when he turned his whole attention to archaeological research. He was a member of many learned societies at home and abroad and published several books on the subjects of his research. In 1891 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were Rev John Duns, Arthur Mitchell (physician), Sir Arthur Mitchell, Alexander Buchan (meteorologist), Alexander Buchan and Ramsay Heatley Traquair. He served as Vice President of the Society 1903 to 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neolithic
The Neolithic or New Stone Age (from Ancient Greek, Greek 'new' and 'stone') is an archaeological period, the final division of the Stone Age in Mesopotamia, Asia, Europe and Africa (c. 10,000 BCE to c. 2,000 BCE). It saw the Neolithic Revolution, a wide-ranging set of developments that appear to have arisen independently in several parts of the world. This "Neolithic package" included the History of agriculture, introduction of farming, domestication of animals, and change from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to one of sedentism, settlement. The term 'Neolithic' was coined by John Lubbock, 1st Baron Avebury, Sir John Lubbock in 1865 as a refinement of the three-age system. The Neolithic began about 12,000 years ago, when farming appeared in the Epipalaeolithic Near East and Mesopotamia, and later in other parts of the world. It lasted in the Near East until the transitional period of the Chalcolithic (Copper Age) from about 6,500 years ago (4500 BCE), marked by the development ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lake Town By J
A lake is often a naturally occurring, relatively large and fixed body of water on or near the Earth's surface. It is localized in a basin or interconnected basins surrounded by dry land. Lakes lie completely on land and are separate from the ocean, although they may be connected with the ocean by rivers. Lakes, as with other bodies of water, are part of the water cycle, the processes by which water moves around the Earth. Most lakes are fresh water and account for almost all the world's surface freshwater, but some are salt lakes with salinities even higher than that of seawater. Lakes vary significantly in surface area and volume of water. Lakes are typically larger and deeper than ponds, which are also water-filled basins on land, although there are no official definitions or scientific criteria distinguishing the two. Lakes are also distinct from lagoons, which are generally shallow tidal pools dammed by sandbars or other material at coastal regions of oceans or large la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of The Hobbit Characters
This article describes all named characters appearing in J. R. R. Tolkien's 1937 book ''The Hobbit''. Creatures as collectives are not included. Characters are categorized by race. Spelling and point of view are given as from ''The Hobbit''. Hobbits * Bilbo Baggins of Bag End, the protagonist and titular hobbit of the story.''The Hobbit'', ch. 1 "An Unexpected Party" * Bungo Baggins, Bilbo's father. (mentioned only) * Belladonna Took, Bilbo's mother. (mentioned only) * The Old Took, Bilbo's maternal grandfather. (mentioned only) * Grubb, Grubb, and Burrowes, auctioneers managing the liquidation of Bilbo's effects.''The Hobbit'', ch. 19 "The Last Stage" Both names are connected with digging. * The Sackville-Bagginses, acquisitive cousins to Bilbo. They are, further, snobbish and bourgeois. * , a historical figure mentioned as the Old Took's great grand-uncle, and therefore Bilbo's great great great grand-uncle. However, according to the family tree published in Appendix C of ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leadership
Leadership, is defined as the ability of an individual, group, or organization to "", influence, or guide other individuals, teams, or organizations. "Leadership" is a contested term. Specialist literature debates various viewpoints on the concept, sometimes contrasting Eastern world, Eastern and Western world, Western approaches to leadership, and also (within the West) North American versus European approaches. Some U.S. academic environments define leadership as "a process of social influence in which a person can enlist the aid and Peer support, support of others in the accomplishment of a common and Ethics, ethical task (project management), task". In other words, leadership is an influential Power (social and political), power-relationship in which the power of one party (the "leader") promotes movement/change in others (the "followers"). Some have challenged the more traditional managerial views of leadership (which portray leadership as something possessed or owned by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Title
A title is one or more words used before or after a person's name, in certain contexts. It may signify their generation, official position, military rank, professional or academic qualification, or nobility. In some languages, titles may be inserted between the first and last name (for example, in German language, German or clerical titles such as Cardinal (Catholicism), Cardinal in Catholic church, Catholic usage – Richard Cushing#Legacy, Richard Cardinal Cushing). Some titles are hereditary title, hereditary. Types Titles include: * Honorific, Honorific titles or Style (manner of address), styles of address, a phrase used to convey respect to the recipient of a communication, or to recognize an attribute such as: ** Imperial, royal and noble ranks, Imperial, royal and noble rank ** Academic degree ** Social title, prevalent among certain sections of society due to historic or other reasons. ** Other accomplishment, as with a title of honor * Title of authority, an identi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
