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Martyrs' Day (Myanmar)
Martyrs' Day (, ) is a Burmese national holiday observed on 19 July to commemorate Gen. Aung San and seven other leaders of the pre-independence interim government, and one bodyguard —Thakin Mya, Ba Cho, U Razak, Abdul Razak, Ba Win, Mahn Ba Khaing, Sao San Tun, Ohn Maung and Ko Htwe—all of whom were assassinated on that day in 1947. It is customary for high-ranking government officials to visit the Martyrs' Mausoleum (Yangon), Martyrs' Mausoleum in Yangon in the morning of that day to pay respects. Myoma U Than Kywe led the ceremony of the First Burmese Martyrs' Day on 19 July 1947 in Rangoon. History On 19 July 1947, at approximately 10:37 a.m., Burma Standard Time, BST, several of Burma's independence leaders were gunned down by a group of armed men in uniform while they were holding a cabinet meeting at the Ministers' Building, Secretariat in downtown Yangon. The assassinations were planned by a rival political group, and the leader and alleged mastermind of tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myanmar
Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar; and also referred to as Burma (the official English name until 1989), is a country in northwest Southeast Asia. It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has a population of about 55 million. It is bordered by India and Bangladesh to its northwest, China to its northeast, Laos and Thailand to its east and southeast, and the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal to its south and southwest. The country's capital city is Naypyidaw, and its largest city is Yangon (formerly Rangoon). Early civilisations in the area included the Tibeto-Burman-speaking Pyu city-states in Upper Myanmar and the Mon kingdoms in Lower Myanmar. In the 9th century, the Bamar people entered the upper Irrawaddy River, Irrawaddy valley, and following the establishment of the Pagan Kingdom in the 1050s, the Burmese language and Culture of Myanmar, culture and Buddhism in Myanmar, Theravada Buddhism slowly became dominant in the co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministers' Building
The Ministers' Building (; also known as the Ministers' Office, today known as The Secretariat or Secretariat Yangon) was the administrative seat of British Burma, in downtown Yangon, Burma and is the spot where Aung San and eight cabinet ministers were assassinated. The British administration moved the office from Strand Road after administrative work increased greatly resulting in an urgent need to expand the cramped and poorly lit administration building. Location The building is situated on . It takes up an entire city block with Anawrahta Road to the north, Theinbyu Road to the east, Maha Bandoola Road to the south and Bo Aung Kyaw Street to the west. It is about South East of Yangon Central Railway Station and east of the Sule Pagoda. Construction The Victorian-style building is made from red and yellow brick and constructed in a U-shape. Construction began in late 1889. The central building was completed in 1902, while the complex's eastern and western wings were fini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
U Nu
Nu (; ; 25 May 1907 – 14 February 1995), commonly known as Burmese names#Honorifics, U Nu and also by the honorific name Thakin Nu, was a prominent Burmese people, Burmese statesman and the first Prime Minister of Union of Burma. He was educated at Rangoon University, where he developed his political ideas and became actively involved in the student movement. Nu's involvement in the nationalist movement deepened during his university years, and he quickly emerged as a leading figure advocating for Burma's independence from British rule in Burma, British colonial rule. He played a crucial role in the Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League (AFPFL), the primary political organization leading the fight for independence. Following Burma's independence in 1948, Nu became the country's first Prime Minister under the provisions of the 1947 Constitution of Myanmar, Constitution of the Union of Burma. His tenure was marked by efforts to rebuild the war-torn nation, establish democrat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chamber Of Deputies (Burma)
The Chamber of Deputies () was the lower house of the bicameral Union Parliament of Burma (Myanmar) from 1948 to 1962. Under the 1947 Constitution, bills initiated and passed by the lower house A lower house is the lower chamber of a bicameral legislature, where the other chamber is the upper house. Although styled as "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide, the lower house has come to wield more power or otherwise e ..., the Chamber of Deputies, were to be sent to the Chamber of Nationalities for review and revision. The Chamber of Deputies was constitutionally allocated twice the number of seats compared to the Chamber of Nationalities. The parliament was dissolved on 3 March 1962 following a coup. Speakers of the Chamber of Deputies References * {{Legislatures of Burma Legislatures of Myanmar 1948 establishments in Burma 1962 disestablishments in Burma Defunct lower houses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kyaw Nyein
Kyaw Nyein (; ; 19 January 1913 – 29 June 1986), called honorifically U Kyaw Nyein (;), was a Burmese lawyer and anti-colonial revolutionary, a leader in Burma’s struggle for independence and prominent politician in the first decade after the country gained sovereignty from Britain. He held multiple minister portfolios in the government of Prime Minister U Nu, served as General Secretary of the ruling political alliance, Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League (AFPFL), and was joint General Secretary of the Burma Socialist Party (BSP). Born in Pyinmana, in Upper Burma, Kyaw Nyein received his higher education at the college in Mandalay and the University of Rangoon. During the university strike of 1936, he became known as member of a group of anti-colonial student leaders that included Aung San, Nu and Raschid. In support of an armed struggle against British colonial rule, he built an underground organization while Aung San went abroad seeking help from the Japanese. During ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tin Tut
Tin Tut, CBE (, ; also spelt Tin Htut; 1 February 1895 – 18 September 1948) was the 1st Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Union of Burma, and the Minister of Finance in Aung San's pre-independence government. Educated at Dulwich and Queens' College, Cambridge, Tin Tut was the first Burmese to become an Indian Civil Service officer. He was Prime Minister Aung San's deputy in the government. However, he was not present in the cabinet meeting on 19 July 1947. On that day, assassination that claimed the lives of Aung San and six other cabinet ministers occurred. He was mortally wounded when a bomb exploded in his car on Sparks Street on 18 September 1948. He died shortly after in Rangoon General Hospital The Yangon General Hospital (YGH, ) is a major public hospital in a compound in Yangon, Myanmar. The 2,000-bed hospital consists of seven medical wards, three surgical wards, two trauma and orthopaedic wards, and 28 specialist departments for inp .... A close adviser of Aun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Insein Prison
Insein Prison () is located in Yangon Division, near Yangon (Rangoon), the old capital of Myanmar (formerly Burma). From 1988 to 2011 it was run by the military junta of Myanmar, named the State Law and Order Restoration Council from 1988 to 2003 and the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC) from 2003 to 2011, and was used largely to repress political dissidents. The prison is notorious worldwide for its inhumane conditions, corruption, abuse of inmates, and use of mental and physical torture. The facility is closed to the public, but its distinctive radial design is visible from the air when departing Yangon by plane. History Insein Prison was established in 1887 during British colonial rule, approximately north of downtown Rangoon (now Yangon). The facility was constructed to relieve overcrowding at the Rangoon Central Gaol, located on Commissioner's Road (now Bogyoke Aung San Road) near Downtown Yangon. By 1908, both Insein and Rangoon jails each held over 2,000 inm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sao Shwe Thaik
Sao Shwe Thaik (, ''Tsaw³ Kham⁴soek³''; , ; 16 October 1895 – 21 November 1962) was a Burmese politician who served as the first president of the Union of Burma and the last Saopha of Yawnghwe. His full royal title was ''Kambawsarahta Thiri Pawaramahawuntha Thudamaraza''. He was a well-respected Shan political figure in Burma. His residence in Nyaung Shwe (Yawnghwe), the Haw, is now the "Buddha Museum" and is open to the public. Early life Born on 16 October 1895 in the British Raj,His birth year is reported as either 1894 or 1896. (Seekins 2006: 410–411) gives 1894. (Sarpay Beikman 1952) says that he was born on 16 October 1896 in the Burmese year of 1257. But both cannot be true since 1257 ME lasted between 15 April 1895 and 14 April 1896, and 16 October 1896 fell in 1258 ME; thus, he was born either on 16 October 1895 (14th waning of Thadingyut 1257 ME), or a year later on 16 October 1896 (10th waxing of Thadingyut 1258 ME). His name Shwe Thaik, assuming he w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of Burma
The president of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar () is the head of state and constitutional head of government of Myanmar. The president chairs the National Defence and Security Council and normally leads the Cabinet of Myanmar, the executive branch of the Burmese government, though the military prime minister leads the cabinet under the current state of emergency. Acting President Min Aung Hlaing, the head of the military and prime minister since 2021, is the current holder since Acting President Myint Swe transferred his powers in July 2024. Myint Swe had himself been installed by Min Aung Hlaing through a military coup d'état on 1 February 2021. There is no constitutional mechanism for the transfer of presidential authority outside the order of succession, making the constitutionality of the transfer questionable according to legal experts. Though a constitutionally powerful position, the presidency is a largely symbolic post under the current military governmen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maung Maung
Maung Maung ( ; 31 January 1925 – 2 July 1994), known honorifically as Dr. Maung Maung, was a well-known writer and legal scholar in Myanmar, who served as the seventh president of Burma from 19 August 1988 to 18 September 1988. Early life and career Maung Maung was born on 31 January 1925 in Mandalay, British Burma. He was the only son amongst seven children of lawyer U Sint and his wife Daw Aye Tin. He completed his comprehensive education at the Buddhist Thathana (BTN) Anglo-Vernacular School at the tender age of 14. He applied for admission to study a two-year programme in science at Mandalay Intermediate College, which he eventually completed in 1943. During this time, he joined the British Army Auxiliary Corps and attended the fourth intake of Officer Training School (OTS). In 1943, he voluntarily joined the Burma Defence Army (BDA) as a private and later joined the Resistance Movement against the Japanese in 1945. At this point, Maung began his journalistic career a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
E Maung
U E Maung ( Burmese: ဦးဧမောင်; January 1889 - 21 July 1977) was a Burmese lawyer, writer, minister, and supreme court judge. He held multiple ministerial portfolios during U Nu's post-independence AFPFL government. This included the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Judicial Affairs, Ministry of Resettlement, Ministry of Health, and Ministry of Home Affairs. He was also a former judge of the Supreme Court of the Union of Burma from 1948 to 1952. He wrote several landmark works on Burmese law, such as the books ''Burmese Buddhist Law'' and T''he Expansion of Burmese Buddhist Law.''{{Cite book , title=Who's Who In Burma , publisher=People's Literature Committee and House , year=1961 Early life and education E Maung was born in the town of Monywa in January of 1898 in what was then the British Raj. He earned his Bachelor of Laws ( L.L. B.) degree from the University of Rangoon in 1921. He was then called to the Bar by the Middle Temple in 1922. He was awa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supreme Court Of Burma
The Supreme Court of Myanmar () is the highest judicial forum and final court of appeal under the Constitution of Myanmar, existing as an independent judicial entity, alongside the legislative and executive branches. The Court is legally mandated to have 7 to 11 judges, including a Chief Justice. Jurisdiction Without affecting the powers of the Constitutional Tribunal and the Courts-Martial, the Supreme Court of the Union is the highest Court of the Union of Myanmar.the 2008 Constitution of Myanmar. The Legal System in Myanmar and Foreign Legal Assistance'. Law and Development Forum The Supreme Court of the Union has both original and appellate jurisdiction in both civil and criminal cases. Moreover, it has the revisional jurisdiction against the judgment or order passed by a court in accordance with the law and in confirming the death sentence. Furthermore, it exercises the power of issuing five kinds of writs without affecting the power of other courts to issue orders that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
