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March Of Dimes
March of Dimes is a United States nonprofit organization that works to improve the health of mothers and babies. The organization was founded by US President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1938, as the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, to combat polio. The name "March of Dimes" was coined by Eddie Cantor as a pun on the newsreel series ''The March of Time''. After funding Jonas Salk's polio vaccine, the organization expanded its focus to the prevention of birth defects and infant mortality. In 2005, as preterm birth emerged as the leading cause of death for children worldwide, research and prevention of premature birth became the organization's primary focus. Organization March of Dimes improves the health of mothers and babies through five programming areas: medical research, education of pregnant women, community programs, government advocacy, and support of pregnant women and mothers. The organization provides women and families with educational resources on baby heal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franklin D
Franklin may refer to: People and characters * Franklin (given name), including list of people and characters with the name * Franklin (surname), including list of people and characters with the name * Franklin (class), a member of a historical English social class Places * Franklin (crater), a lunar impact crater * Franklin County (other), in a number of countries * Mount Franklin (other), including Franklin Mountain Australia * Franklin, Tasmania, a township * Division of Franklin, federal electoral division in Tasmania * Division of Franklin (state), state electoral division in Tasmania * Franklin, Australian Capital Territory, a suburb in the Canberra district of Gungahlin * Franklin River, river of Tasmania * Franklin Sound, waterway of Tasmania Canada * District of Franklin, a former district of the Northwest Territories * Franklin, Quebec, a municipality in the Montérégie region * Rural Municipality of Franklin, Manitoba * Franklin, Manitoba, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Bakersfield Californian
''The Bakersfield Californian'' is a daily newspaper serving Bakersfield, California and surrounding Kern County in the state's San Joaquin Valley. History ''The Bakersfield Californian'' is the direct descendant of Kern County's first newspaper, ''The Weekly Courier'', which was first published on Aug. 18, 1866, in Havilah, California. At that time, Havilah, a small mining town about 50 miles northeast of the present site of Bakersfield, was the center of the 1864 gold rush, which brought the first major population influx to Kern County. The newspaper's name was later changed to ''The Havilah Weekly Courier''. As the mineral wealth of the area became depleted and the population moved southward toward Bakersfield, the newspaper also moved to Bakersfield in 1872, becoming ''The Kern County Weekly Courier''. In 1876, the ''Courier'' merged with another Bakersfield newspaper, ''The Southern Californian'', to form ''The Kern County Californian''. Its name was changed to ''The Dail ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhail Chumakov
Mikhail Petrovich Chumakov (; 14 November 1909 – 11 June 1993) was a Soviet Russian microbiologist and virologist most famous for conducting pivotal large-scale clinical trials that led to licensing of the Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) developed by Albert B. Sabin. Life and work Chumakov graduated in 1931 from Moscow State University Medical School that was later transformed into I.M. Sechenov Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ... Medical Academy. In 1937 Chumakov participated in a scientific expedition to Khabarovsk region of Soviet Far East that was led by Professor Lev A. Zilber. Together with his colleagues he discovered the etiology of a new transmissible neurological disease called tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) and isolated the virus that causes it. He wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berkeley, California
Berkeley ( ) is a city on the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay in northern Alameda County, California, United States. It is named after the 18th-century Anglo-Irish bishop and philosopher George Berkeley. It borders the cities of Oakland, California, Oakland and Emeryville, California, Emeryville to the south and the city of Albany, California, Albany and the Unincorporated area, unincorporated community of Kensington, California, Kensington to the north. Its eastern border with Contra Costa County, California, Contra Costa County generally follows the ridge of the Berkeley Hills. The 2020 United States census, 2020 census recorded a population of 124,321. Berkeley is home to the oldest campus in the University of California, the University of California, Berkeley, and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which is managed and operated by the university. It also has the Graduate Theological Union, one of the largest religious studies institutions in the world. Berkeley is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cutter Laboratories
Cutter Laboratories was a family-owned pharmaceutical company located in Berkeley, California, founded by Edward Ahern Cutter in 1897. Cutter's early products included anthrax vaccine, hog cholera (swine fever) virus, and anti-hog cholera serum—and eventually a hog cholera vaccine. The hog cholera vaccine was the first tissue culture vaccine, human or veterinary, ever produced. The company expanded considerably during World War II as a consequence of government contracts for blood plasma and penicillin. After Edward Cutter's death, his three sons—Robert K. Cutter (president), Edward "Ted" A. Cutter Jr. (vice-president), and Frederick A. Cutter—ran the company. In the next generation Robert's son David followed his father as president of the company. The Bayer pharmaceutical company bought Cutter Laboratories in 1974. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Attenuated Vaccine
An attenuated vaccine (or a live attenuated vaccine, LAV) is a vaccine created by reducing the virulence of a pathogen, but still keeping it viable (or "live"). Attenuation takes an infectious agent and alters it so that it becomes harmless or less virulent. These vaccines contrast to those produced by "killing" the pathogen ( inactivated vaccine). Attenuated vaccines stimulate a strong and effective immune response that is long-lasting. In comparison to inactivated vaccines, attenuated vaccines produce a stronger and more durable immune response with a quick immunity onset. They are generally avoided in pregnancy and in patients with severe immunodeficiencies. Attenuated vaccines function by encouraging the body to create antibodies and memory immune cells in response to the specific pathogen which the vaccine protects against. Common examples of live attenuated vaccines are measles, mumps, rubella, yellow fever, varicella, and some influenza vaccines. Development Attenua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Sabin
Albert Bruce Sabin ( ; born Abram Saperstejn; August 26, 1906 – March 3, 1993) was a Polish-American medical researcher, best known for developing the oral polio vaccine, which has played a key role in nearly Poliomyelitis eradication, eradicating the disease. In 1969–72, he served as the president of the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel. Biography Abram Saperstejn was born in Białystok, Russian Empire (before and since 1918 in Poland), to History of the Jews in Poland, Polish-Jewish parents, Jacob Saperstejn and Tillie Krugman. In 1921, he emigrated with his family on the SS Lapland, SS ''Lapland'' which sailed from Antwerp to the Port of New York and New Jersey, Port of New York. In 1930, he became a naturalized citizen of the United States and changed his name to Albert Bruce Sabin. He graduated from high school in Paterson, New Jersey. Sabin began university in a dentistry program, but was interested in virology and changed majors. He received a bachelor's deg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polio Vaccine
Polio vaccines are vaccines used to prevent poliomyelitis (polio). Two types are used: an inactivated vaccine, inactivated poliovirus given by injection (IPV) and a attenuated vaccine, weakened poliovirus given by mouth (OPV). The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends all children be fully vaccinated against polio. The two vaccines have eliminated polio from most of the world, and reduced the number of cases reported each year from an estimated 350,000 in 1988 to 33 in 2018. The inactivated polio vaccines are very safe. Mild redness or pain may occur at the site of injection. Oral polio vaccines cause about three cases of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis per million doses given. This compares with 5,000 cases per million who are paralysed following a polio infection. Both types of vaccine are generally safe to give during pregnancy and in those who have HIV/AIDS, but are otherwise well. However, the emergence of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV), a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mothers' March On Polio
The Mothers' March on Polio was a door-to door canvassing campaign that mobilized women across the United States to raise funds for polio therapies and vaccine development. Started by women in the 1950s, the event became a staple in the March of Dimes' fundraising efforts and generated funding that helped to support Dr. Jonas Salk's research leading to a polio vaccine. This mass action has been credited as a model for subsequent marches of mothers against nuclear testing and for environmental protection. Origins In 1950, a group of Phoenix women, aware of the urgency of funding shortages at the Maricopa County March of Dimes, created the first Mothers' March on Polio establishing the model that would spread nationwide by the following year. Prior canvassing for several March of Dimes chapters in the 1940s proved the technique could generate contributions efficiently but were modest grassroots efforts based in organizers' own neighborhoods. The Phoenix mothers scaled up the canv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dime (United States Coin)
The dime, in United States usage, is a ten- cent coin, one tenth of a United States dollar, labeled formally as "one dime". The denomination was first authorized by the Coinage Act of 1792. The dime is the smallest in diameter and is the thinnest of all U.S. coins currently minted for circulation, being in diameter and in thickness. The obverse of the current dime depicts the profile of President Franklin D. Roosevelt and the reverse has an olive branch, a torch, and an oak branch, from left to right respectively. The word ''dime'' comes from the Old French ''disme'' (Modern French">-4; we might wonder whether there's a point at which it's appropriate to talk of the beginnings of French, that is, when it wa ... ''disme'' (Modern French dîme), meaning "tithe" or "tenth part", from the Latin ''decima [pars]''. The dime is currently the only United States coin in general circulation that is not denominated in terms of dollars or cent (United States coin), cents. , the dime co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elaine Whitelaw
Elaine may refer to: Arts and entertainment * , opera composed by Herman Bemberg * "Elaine" (short story), 1945 short story by J. D. Salinger * "Elaine" (song), by ABBA Places * Elaine, Victoria, a town in Australia * Elaine, Arkansas, a US city People * Elaine (given name), real people and fictional characters with the given name * Elaine (legend), name shared by several different female characters in Arthurian legend, including: ** Elaine of Astolat ** Elaine of Corbenic * Elaine (singer), South African singer See also *Elaine's, a New York City restaurant * ''The Exploits of Elaine ''The Exploits of Elaine'' is a 1914 American Serial (film), film serial in the damsel in distress genre of ''The Perils of Pauline (1914 serial), The Perils of Pauline'' (1914). ''The Exploits of Elaine'' tells the story of a young woman named ...'', 1914 film serial in the genre of ''The Perils of Pauline'' * "Miss Elaine", song by Run–D.M.C. from the album '' Tougher Than Leat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerard Piel
Gerard Piel (1 March 1915 in Woodmere, N.Y. – 5 September 2004) was the publisher of the new ''Scientific American'' magazine starting in 1948. He wrote for magazines, including ''The Nation'', and published books on science for the general public. In 1990, Piel was presented with the ''In Praise of Reason'' award by the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry (CSICOP). Education and career Piel graduated from Harvard University, magna cum laude, with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1937. He was the science editor of ''Life'' magazine from 1939 to 1945. In 1946 and 1947, he worked at the Henry Kaiser Company as assistant to the president. In 1948, in association with two colleagues, he launched a new version of ''Scientific American'' to promote science literacy for the general public in the postwar era. In January 1957 Piel hired the then unknown Martin Gardner to write the Mathematical Games column, a feature that became one of the most popular parts of the magazine, lasted for 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
