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Manuel Díaz Criado
Manuel Díaz Criado (1898 – 7 July 1947) was a Spanish infantry officer. With a reputation as a brutal sadist, he was during the Spanish Civil War responsible for the arrest, sexual abuse, torture and execution of thousands of people in the regions of Andalucia and Extremadura who opposed the Nationalist military uprising. The crimes frequently extended to the relatives and the associates of those targeted. Early life and career He was born in Seville and was the eldest of five children of Manuel Díaz Gavira, a civil administrative chief. He joined the army and was posted to the Spanish Legion in the Spanish protectorate in Morocco. In 1925, he was promoted to captain. Already for his bullying nature, he gained the nickname ''Criadillas'' ('bull's balls'). He associated with right-wing elements trying to subvert left-wing officials associated with the Spanish Second Republic. After the spread of revolutionary strikes across Spain in 1931, the civil governor of Seville, José B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Infantry
Infantry, or infantryman are a type of soldier who specialize in ground combat, typically fighting dismounted. Historically the term was used to describe foot soldiers, i.e. those who march and fight on foot. In modern usage, the term broadly encompasses a wide variety of subspecialties, including light infantry, irregular infantry, heavy infantry, mountain infantry, motorized infantry, mechanized infantry, Airborne forces, airborne infantry, Air assault, air assault infantry, and Marines, naval infantry. Other subtypes of infantry, such as line infantry and mounted infantry, were once commonplace but fell out of favor in the 1800s with the invention of more accurate and powerful weapons. Etymology and terminology In English, use of the term ''infantry'' began about the 1570s, describing soldiers who march and fight on foot. The word derives from Middle French , from older Italian (also Spanish) ''infanteria'' (foot soldiers too inexperienced for cavalry), from Latin '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jews
Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of History of ancient Israel and Judah, ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, religion, and community are highly interrelated, as Judaism is their ethnic religion, though it is not practiced by all ethnic Jews. Despite this, religious Jews regard Gerim, converts to Judaism as members of the Jewish nation, pursuant to the Conversion to Judaism, long-standing conversion process. The Israelites emerged from the pre-existing Canaanite peoples to establish Kingdom of Israel (Samaria), Israel and Kingdom of Judah, Judah in the Southern Levant during the Iron Age.John Day (Old Testament scholar), John Day (2005), ''In Search of Pre-Exilic Israel'', Bloomsbury Publishing, pp. 47.5 [48] 'In this sense, the emergence of ancient Israel is viewed not as the cause of the demise of Canaanite culture but as its upshot'. Originally, J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triana, Seville
Triana is a neighbourhood and administrative district on the west bank of the Guadalquivir River in the city of Seville, Spain. Like other neighbourhoods that were historically separated from the main city, it was known as an ''arrabal''. Triana is located on a peninsula between two branches of the Guadalquivir, narrowly linked to the mainland in the north. Two other districts are also usually included in this area, '' Los Remedios'' to the south and '' La Cartuja'' to the north. Residents of Triana have traditionally been called ''trianeros''; they identify strongly with the neighbourhood and consider it different in character from the rest of Seville. Triana has a traditional pottery and tile industry, a vibrant flamenco culture, and its own festivals; it has played an important role in the development of Sevillan culture and tradition. Etymology Legend holds that Triana was founded as a Roman colony by the emperor Trajan, who was born in the nearby city of Italica; the nam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macarena, Seville
Macarena is one of the eleven districts into which the city of Seville, capital of the autonomous community of Andalucía, Spain, is divided for administrative purposes. It is located in the north of the city, bordered to the south by the Casco Antiguo and San Pablo-Santa Justa suburbs, to the east and north by Norte and to the west by Triana. It covers the area between the Guadalquivir River and the Carmona Highway and from the SE-30 ring-road in the north to the Ronda del Casco Antiguo. It contains smaller neighbourhoods such as León XIII, Miraflores, and the Polígono Norte as well as the Miraflores park along the SE-30. The district contains the Andalucian Parliament (former Hospital de las Cinco Llagas), the Torre de los Perdigones in the park of the same name, and the Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena Etymology of the toponym ''Macarena'' The origin of the toponym ''Macarena'' is disputed. While some authorities think that it is derived from Arabic, others ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guadalquivir
The Guadalquivir (, also , , ) is the fifth-longest river in the Iberian Peninsula and the second-longest river with its entire length in Spain. The Guadalquivir is the only major navigable river in Spain. Currently it is navigable from Seville to the Gulf of Cádiz, but in Roman times it was navigable from Córdoba. Geography The river is long and drains an area of about . It flows through Córdoba and Seville and reaches the sea at Sanlúcar de Barrameda, flowing into the Gulf of Cádiz in the Atlantic Ocean. Course The course of the Guadalquivir is divided into three parts. This division is based on the main course of the river and its confluence with other rivers. The Guadalquivir originates at an elevation of about 1,350 meters above sea level in a place known as Cañada de las Fuentes, in the Sierra de Cazorla mountain range. The upper course of the river runs from the source of the Guadalquivir roughly to Mengíbar. It includes its junction with the Guadali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gonzalo Queipo De Llano
Gonzalo Queipo de Llano y Sierra (5 February 1875 – 9 March 1951) was a Spanish Army general. He distinguished himself quickly in his career, fighting in Cuba and Morocco, later becoming outspoken about military and political figures which led to his imprisonment, removal from posts and involvement in plots against Spanish governments. He was a Nationalist military leader during the Spanish Civil War under Francisco Franco, gaining the soubriquet "''El general de la radio''" ("radio" or "broadcasting general" in English media) for his threats and explicitness on air. Under his control of southern Spain, tens of thousands of Spaniards perished as part of the Nationalists' '' White Terror''. In his post-war roles he was effectively sidelined by Franco. Biography Early years He was born in Tordesillas, to María de las Mercedes Sierra y Vázquez de Novoa and Gonzalo Queipo de Llano y Sánchez. His father was the municipality's judge. He had seven siblings. After completing the ''I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alcalá De Henares
Alcalá de Henares () is a Spanish municipality of the Community of Madrid. Housing is primarily located on the right (north) bank of the Henares River, Henares. , it has a population of 193,751, making it the region's third-most populated Municipalities in Spain, municipality. Predated by earlier hilltop settlements (''oppidum, oppida'') and the primitive ''Complutum'' on the left bank of the Henares, the new Roman settlement of ''Complutum'' was founded in the mid 1st century on the right bank (north) river meadow, becoming a bishopric seat in the 5th century. One of the several Muslim citadels in the Central March, Middle March of al-Andalus (hence the name ''Alcalá'', a derivative of the Arabic term for citadel) was established on the left bank, while, after the Christian conquest culminated , the bulk of the urban nucleus returned to the right bank. For much of the late middle-ages and the early modern period before becoming part of the province of Madrid, Alcalá de Henares ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco Largo Caballero
Francisco Largo Caballero (15 October 1869 – 23 March 1946) was a Spanish politician and trade unionist who served as the prime minister of the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War. He was one of the historic leaders of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) and of the Workers' General Union (UGT). Although he entered politics as a moderate leftist, after the 1933 general election in which the conservative CEDA party won the majority, he took a more radical turn and began to advocate for a socialist revolution, materialized with the failed Revolution of 1934 in Asturias. After the victory of the Popular Front in the 1936 Spanish general election and following the July coup, Caballero served as prime minister of Spain during the Spanish Civil War from 4 September 1936 until 17 May 1937. Exiled in France following the Republican defeat in 1939, Caballero was imprisoned in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp after the Nazi invasion of France. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luis Jiménez De Asúa
Luis Jiménez de Asúa (June 19, 1889 in Madrid – November 16, 1970 in Buenos Aires) was a jurist and Spanish politician. He was vice president of the Spanish parliament and representative of that country before the United Nations. During the Francoist dictatorship he exiled himself to Argentina. In 1962 he was named president of the Spanish Republican government in Exile. Biography A professor of penal law at the Central University of Madrid). He was confined to the Islas Chafarinas in 1926, for his protest against the exile of Miguel de Unamuno by the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera. In 1931 he entered in the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) and was made a deputy in the Cortes Generales, presiding over the parliamentary commission that had been drafting the Constitution. Director of the Institute of Penal Studies, created by Victoria Kent, he participated in the writing of the Criminal Code of 1932. Belonging to the moderate wing of the PSOE, he was elected vice ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Congress Of Deputies
The Congress of Deputies () is the lower house of the , Spain's legislative branch, the upper house being the Senate of Spain, Senate. The Congress meets in the Palacio de las Cortes, Madrid, Palace of the Parliament () in Madrid. Congress has 350 members elected from fifty-two Constituency, constituencies (the fifty Provinces of Spain, provinces and two Autonomous cities of Spain, autonomous cities) using closed list D'Hondt method, D'Hondt proportional representation. Deputies serve four-year terms. The presiding officer and speaker is the President of the Congress of Deputies, who is elected by the members at the first sitting of Congress after an election. The two principal bodies in Congress are Parliamentary group (Spain), parliamentary groups and committee, parliamentary committees (). All MPs are required to be members of a parliamentary group, the institutionalised form of political parties. Groups act with one voice represented by their spokesperson. In other words, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Sanjurjo
José Sanjurjo y Sacanell (; 28 March 1872 – 20 July 1936) was a Spanish military officer who was one of the military leaders who plotted the July 1936 ''coup d'état'' that started the Spanish Civil War. He was endowed the nobiliary title of "Marquis of the Rif" in 1927. A monarchist opponent of the Second Spanish Republic proclaimed in 1931, he led a ''coup d'état'' known as ''la Sanjurjada'' in August 1932. The authorities easily suppressed the coup and initially condemned Sanjurjo to death, then later commuted his sentence to life imprisonment. The government of Alejandro Lerroux – formed after the 1933 general election – eventually amnestied him in 1934. He took part, from his self-exile in Portugal, in the military plot for the 1936 coup d'état. Following the coup, Sanjurjo, expected by some to become the commander-in-chief of the Nationalist faction, died in an air crash on the third day of the war, when travelling back to Spain. He had chosen to fly in a s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
