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Malay Rulers
The Conference of Rulers (also known as Council of Rulers or Durbar, ; Jawi: ) is a council comprising the nine rulers of the Malay states, and the governors (''Yang di-Pertua Negeri'') of the other four states in Malaysia. It was officially established by Article 38 of the Constitution of Malaysia, and is the only such institution in the world, according to the Malaysian National Library. Its main responsibility is the election of the ''Yang di-Pertuan Agong'' (King of Malaysia) and '' Timbalan Yang di-Pertuan Agong'' (Deputy King of Malaysia), which occurs every five years or when the positions fall vacant (either through death, resignation, or removal from office). Although its position in the process of elective monarchy is unique, the Conference of Rulers also plays a role in amending the Constitution of Malaysia and some other policies, in particular, those Articles which have been "entrenched", namely those pertaining to the status of the rulers, the special privileges ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malaysia
Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia. Featuring the Tanjung Piai, southernmost point of continental Eurasia, it is a federation, federal constitutional monarchy consisting of States and federal territories of Malaysia, 13 states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two regions: Peninsular Malaysia on the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula and East Malaysia on the island of Borneo. Peninsular Malaysia shares land and maritime Malaysia–Thailand border, borders with Thailand, as well as maritime borders with Singapore, Vietnam, and Indonesia; East Malaysia shares land borders with Brunei and Indonesia, and a maritime border with the Philippines and Vietnam. Kuala Lumpur is the country's national capital, List of cities and towns in Malaysia by population, largest city, and the seat of the Parliament of Malaysia, legislative branch of the Government of Malaysia, federal government, while Putrajaya is the federal administrative capi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federated Malay States
The Federated Malay States (FMS, , Jawi script, Jawi: ) was a federation of four protectorate, protected states in the Malay Peninsula — Selangor, Perak, Negeri Sembilan and Pahang — established in 1895 by the British government, and which lasted until 1946. In that year they formed the Malayan Union together with two of the former Straits Settlements, (Malacca and Penang), and the Unfederated Malay States. Two years later, the union became the Federation of Malaya, which achieved independence in 1957, and finally Malaysia in 1963 with the inclusion of North Borneo (present-day Sabah), Sarawak and Singapore. Real power in the FMS and its constituent states rested with the four local British Residents and the Resident-General, the discretionary powers of the local Malay Ruler, rulers being essentially reduced to matters "touching Malay Religion and Customs". The federation, along with the Unfederated Malay States of the peninsula and the Straits Settlements, was overrun a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tuanku Muhriz
Tuanku Muhriz ibni Almarhum Tuanku Munawir ( Jawi: ; born 14 January 1948) is the eleventh Yang di-Pertuan Besar (Chief Ruler) of Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. He is the only son out of six siblings of royal spouse, the ninth Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan Tuanku Munawir and his spouse, Tunku Ampuan Durah. Early life Tunku Muhriz is the only son out of six children of Tuanku Munawir ibni Almarhum Tuanku Abdul Rahman, the Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan from 1960 to 1967, and of his consort, Tunku Ampuan Durah binti Almarhum Tunku Besar Burhanuddin. Born in 1948, Tunku Muhriz received his primary & secondary education Tuanku Muhammad School, Kuala Pilah and the Tunku Besar School in Tampin, the King George V School in Seremban, Negeri Sembilan and later at the Aldenham School in the United Kingdom. Tunku Muhriz obtained a degree in law ( LLB) from the University College of Wales at Aberystwyth (later known as the University of Wales, Aberystwyth). He began ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tuanku Muhriz Of Negeri Sembilan
The Malay language has a complex system of styles, titles and honorifics which are used extensively in Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia and Singapore. Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, few provinces in the Philippines and several provinces in Indonesia regularly award honorary and life titles. What follows in this article is specific to the Malaysian system. References to Brunei and Indonesia are given when pertinent. In Malaysia, all non-hereditary titles can be granted to both men and women. Every title has a form of address which can be used by the wife of the title holder. This form is not used by the husband of a titled woman; such a woman will bear a title which is the same as a titled man. Former usage Singapore, whose Malay royalty was abolished by the British colonial government in 1891, has adopted civic titles for its leaders. Much of the Philippines was historically accustomed to the usage of Malay titles by its royals and nobles, such as Raja Sulayman and Dayang Kalang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sultans At The First Malayan Durbar
Sultan (; ', ) is a position with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", derived from the verbal noun ', meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it came to be used as the title of certain rulers who claimed almost full sovereignty (i.e., not having dependence on any higher ruler) without claiming the overall caliphate, or to refer to a powerful governor of a province within the caliphate. The adjectival form of the word is "sultanic", and the state and territories ruled by a sultan, as well as his office, are referred to as a sultanate ( '. The term is distinct from king ( '), though both refer to a sovereign ruler. The use of "sultan" is restricted to Muslim countries, where the title carries religious significance, contrasting the more secular ''king'', which is used in both Muslim and non-Muslim countries. Brunei, Malaysia and Oman are the only sovereign states which retain the title "sultan" fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federation Of Malaya
Malaya, officially the Federation of Malaya, was a country in Southeast Asia from 1948 to 1963. It succeeded the Malayan Union and, before that, British Malaya. It comprised eleven states – nine Malay states and two of the Straits Settlements, Penang and Malacca. It was established on 1 February 1948.''See'': Cabinet Memorandum by the Secretary of State for the Colonies. 21 February 1956 Initially a self-governing colony of the United Kingdom, Malaya became Sovereign state, fully sovereign on 31 August 1957,The UK Statute Law DatabaseFederation of Malaya Independence Act 1957 (c. 60)/ref> and on 16 September 1963, Malaya was superseded by Malaysia when it united with Colony of Singapore, Singapore, Crown Colony of North Borneo, North Borneo (Sabah), and Crown Colony of Sarawak, Sarawak. Singapore_in_Malaysia#Separation, Singapore was expelled on 9 August 1965, leaving the original states of Malaya as well as Sarawak and Sabah – now also known as East Malaysia – makin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islam
Islam is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the Quran, and the teachings of Muhammad. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number Islam by country, 2 billion worldwide and are the world's Major religious groups, second-largest religious population after Christians. Muslims believe that Islam is the complete and universal version of a Fitra, primordial faith that was revealed many times through earlier Prophets and messengers in Islam, prophets and messengers, including Adam in Islam, Adam, Noah in Islam, Noah, Abraham in Islam, Abraham, Moses in Islam, Moses, and Jesus in Islam, Jesus. Muslims consider the Quran to be the verbatim word of God in Islam, God and the unaltered, final revelation. Alongside the Quran, Muslims also believe in previous Islamic holy books, revelations, such as the Torah in Islam, Tawrat (the Torah), the Zabur (Psalms), and the Gospel in Islam, Injil (Gospel). They believe that Muhammad in Islam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ex Officio
An ''ex officio'' member is a member of a body (notably a board, committee, or council) who is part of it by virtue of holding another office. The term '' ex officio'' is Latin, meaning literally 'from the office', and the sense intended is 'by right of office'; its use dates back to the Roman Republic. According to '' Robert's Rules of Order'', the term denotes only how one becomes a member of a body. Accordingly, the rights of an ''ex officio'' member are exactly the same as other members unless otherwise stated in regulations or bylaws. It relates to the notion that the position refers to the position the ex officio holds, rather than the individual that holds the position. In some groups, ''ex officio'' members may frequently abstain from voting. Opposite notions are dual mandate, when the same person happens to hold two offices or more, although these offices are not in themselves associated; and personal union, when two states share the same monarch. For profit and nonpr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Keat Gin Ooi
Keat Gin Ooi (; born 10 October 1959) is a Malaysian academician, historian and educator of Chinese descent who is a professor at the Modern History of Brunei/Borneo in Universiti Brunei Darussalam's Academy of Brunei Studies. He is specialises in the following fields: women in history, Southeast Asian history, war and conflict, indigenous historical sources, underwater archaeology, underwater cultural heritage, modern history and historiography of Borneo, Brunei history, colonial urban history, Borneo in international history. Ooi has been a visiting lecturer and recipient of fellowships from institutions in the United States, Australia, the United Kingdom, Europe, and Japan. He has worked as a professional reviewer for several journals in addition to publishing with publishers such as Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Oxford, Palgrave Macmillan, and Routledge. Early life and education Ooi Keat Gin was born on 10 October 1959, in George Town, Penang, Malaya. Ethnic Chines ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malayan Union
The Malayan Union (; Jawi: كساتوان مالايا) was a union of the Malay states and the Straits Settlements of Penang and Malacca. It was the successor to British Malaya and was conceived to unify the Malay Peninsula under a single government to simplify administration. Following opposition by the ethnic Malays, the union was reorganised as the Federation of Malaya in 1948. Formation of the Malayan Union Prior to World War II, British Malaya consisted of three groups of polities: the protectorate of the Federated Malay States, five protected Unfederated Malay States and the crown colony of the Straits Settlements. On 1 April 1946, the Malayan Union officially came into existence with Sir Edward Gent as its governor, combining the Federated Malay States, Unfederated Malay States and the Straits Settlements of Penang and Malacca under one administration. The capital of the Union was Kuala Lumpur. The former Straits Settlement of Singapore was administered as a separa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frank Swettenham
Sir Frank Athelstane Swettenham (28 March 1850 – 11 June 1946) was a British colonial administrator who became the first Resident general of the Federated Malay States, which brought the Malay states of Selangor, Perak, Negeri Sembilan and Pahang together under the administration of a Resident-General based in Kuala Lumpur. He served from 1 July 1896 to 4 November 1901. He was also an amateur painter, photographer and antique collector. Early life He was born in Belper, Derbyshire, the son of attorney James Oldham Swettenham, and Charlotte Elizabeth Carr, and was educated at the Dollar Academy in Scotland and St Peter's School, York. He was a descendant of Mathew Swetenham, Henry IV's bow bearer, and the younger brother of the colonial administrator Sir James Alexander Swettenham. Career Swettenham was a British colonial official in British Malaya, who was famous as highly influential in shaping British policy and the structure of British administration in the Malay ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pahang
{{Infobox political division , name = Pahang , official_name = Pahang Darul Makmur , native_name = , settlement_type = States and federal territories of Malaysia, State , image_skyline = , imagesize = , image_alt = , image_caption = , image_flag = Flag of Pahang.svg , flag_size = , flag_alt = Flag of Pahang , image_shield = Coat of arms of Pahang.svg , shield_size = 85px , shield_alt = Coat of arms of Pahang , established_title = , established_date = , established_title1 = Establishment of the sultanate , established_date1 = 1882 , established_title2 = Federated Malay States , established_date2 = 1895 , established_title3 = Japanese occupation of Malaya, Japanese occupation , established_date3 = 1942 , established_title4 = Accession into the {{nowrap, Federation of Malaya , established_date4 = 1948 , established_title5 = Malayan Declarati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
