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Maghriboselache
''Maghriboselache'' is an extinct genus of cladoselachid symmoriiform fish that lived 369 million years ago during the Late Devonian (middle Famennian stage) of Morocco. The genus contains a Monotypic taxon, single species, ''M. mohmezanei''. ''Maghriboselache'' represents the first cladoselachid to be discovered with significant details of the jaws, braincase and even endocranium. Along with ''Cladoselache'', it shares a unique and distinctive tooth and upper jaw Morphology (biology), morphology. Discovery and naming ''Maghriboselache'' was discovered in the eastern parts of the Anti-Atlas, Anti-Atlas mountain range. Most specimens were found in the Thylacocephalan layer. The genus was species description, described by Klug, Coates, Frey, Greif, Jobbins, Pohle, Lagnaoui, Haouz and Ginter in 2023. The Genus, generic name, "''Maghriboselache''", is derived from "''al Maghrib''", the Arabic word for Morocco, combined with "σέλαχος" ("''selachos''"), the Greek language, Gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cladoselachid
Cladoselachidae is an extinct family of cartilaginous fishes closely related to, and possibly nested within, Symmoriiformes. They are characterized by having an elongated body with a spine in each of the two dorsal fins. In 2023, a paper describing a new cladoselachian, ''Maghriboselache'' found that it, and ''Cladoselache'', were the only members of the family, greatly limiting the temporal range for this group to the Late Devonian The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era during the Phanerozoic eon, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the preceding Silurian period at million years ago ( Ma), to the beginning of the succeeding .... References Cladoselachiformes ''Dictionary of Zoology'' (1999).Evolution and paleontology (fish) Animal Aqua. Symmoriiformes Late Devonian cartilaginous fish Prehistoric cartilaginous fish families {{paleo-cartilaginous-fish-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Symmoriida
Symmoriiformes is an extinct order of cartilaginous fish. Originally named Symmoriida by Zangerl (1981), the name has since been corrected to Symmoriiformes to avoid confusion with a family. The symmoriiform fossils record begins during the late Devonian, and most had become extinct by the start of the Permian, with the genus '' Dwykaselachus'' from the Artinskian- Kungurian of South Africa being the latest known uncontroversial occurrence. Teeth described from the Valanginian of France and Austria indicate that members of the family Falcatidae might have survived until the Early Cretaceous; however, it has since been proposed that these teeth more likely belonged to neoselachian sharks. Fossil distribution Fossil evidence of Symmoriida have been found at Bear Gulch, Fergus County, Montana, Bethel Quarry, Pike County, Indiana, Kinshozan quarry, Alaska, Gifu Prefecture, Japan, Bashkortostan, Russian Federation and possibly also France France, officially the French Repub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2023 In Paleoichthyology
This list of fossil fish research presented in 2023 is a list of new fossil taxa of Agnatha, jawless vertebrates, placoderms, Chondrichthyes, cartilaginous fishes, Osteichthyes, bony fishes, and other fishes that were binomial nomenclature, described during the year, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleoichthyology that occurred in 2023. Jawless vertebrates Jawless vertebrate research * A study on the anatomy and affinities of ''Lasanius'' is published by Reeves ''et al.'' (2023), who interpret this vertebrate as a Crown group#Stem groups, stem-Cyclostomi, cyclostome. * Dearden ''et al.'' (2023) describe the cranial anatomy of ''Eriptychius, Eriptychius americanus'', provide evidence of the presence of a symmetrical set of cartilages interpreted as the preorbital neurocranium, and report that the studied cartilages filled out the head and closely supported the dermal skeleton (in that they were closer to the cranial anatomy of osteostracans and gal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cladoselache
''Cladoselache'' ("branch shark") is an Extinction, extinct genus of shark-like chondrichthyan (cartilaginous fish) from the Late Devonian (Famennian) of North America. It was similar in body shape to modern Lamnidae, lamnid sharks (such as Isurus, mako sharks and the great white shark), but was not closely related to lamnids or to any other modern (selachian) shark. As an early chondrichthyan, it had yet to evolve traits of modern sharks such as accelerated tooth replacement, a loose jaw suspension, enameloid teeth, and possibly Clasper, claspers. Some 20th century studies considered ''Cladoselache'' to be a Basal (phylogenetics), basal (early-diverging) member of Elasmobranchii, the fork of cartilaginous fish which leads to modern sharks and rays. More recent studies have identified distinctive traits of the chondrocranium (cartilaginous braincase), dorsal fin spines, and pectoral fin bases. These newly identified features support a close relationship to Symmoriiformes, symmorii ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holocephali
Holocephali (Sometimes spelled Holocephala; Romanization of Greek, Greek for "complete head" in reference to the fusion of Palatoquadrate, upper jaw with the rest of the skull) is a Subclass (biology), subclass of Chondrichthyes, cartilaginous fish. While the only living holocephalans are three families within a single Order (biology), order which together are commonly known as chimaeras, the group includes many extinct orders and was far more diverse during the Paleozoic and Mesozoic Era (geology), eras. The earliest known fossils of holocephalans date to the Middle Devonian period, and the group likely reached its peak diversity during the following Carboniferous period. Molecular clock studies suggest that the subclass diverged from its closest relatives, Elasmobranchii, elasmobranchs such as sharks and Batomorphi, rays, during the Early Devonian or Silurian period. Extinct holocephalans are typically divided into a number of orders, although the interrelationships of these gro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Specific Name (zoology)
In zoological nomenclature, the specific name (also specific epithet, species epithet, or epitheton) is the second part (the second name) within the scientific name of a species (a binomen). The first part of the name of a species is the name of the genus or the generic name. The rules and regulations governing the giving of a new species name are explained in the article species description. For example, the scientific name for humans is ''Homo sapiens'', which is the species name, consisting of two names: ''Homo'' is the " generic name" (the name of the genus) and ''sapiens'' is the "specific name". Etymology Historically, ''specific name'' referred to the combination of what are now called the generic and specific names. Carl Linnaeus, who formalized binomial nomenclature, made explicit distinctions between specific, generic, and trivial names. The generic name was that of the genus, the first in the binomial, the trivial name was the second name in the binomial, and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes (; ) is a class of jawed fish that contains the cartilaginous fish or chondrichthyans, which all have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage. They can be contrasted with the Osteichthyes or ''bony fish'', which have skeletons primarily composed of bone tissue. Chondrichthyes are aquatic vertebrates with paired fins, paired nares, placoid scales, conus arteriosus in the heart, and a lack of opercula and swim bladders. Within the infraphylum Gnathostomata, cartilaginous fishes are distinct from all other jawed vertebrates. The class is divided into two subclasses: Elasmobranchii (sharks, rays, skates and sawfish) and Holocephali ( chimaeras, sometimes called ghost sharks, which are sometimes separated into their own class). Extant chondrichthyans range in size from the finless sleeper ray to the over whale shark. Anatomy Skeleton The skeleton is cartilaginous. The notochord is gradually replaced by a vertebral column during development, e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fish Fin
Fins are moving appendages protruding from the body of fish that interact with water to generate thrust and help the fish swim. Apart from the tail or caudal fin, fish fins have no direct connection with the back bone and are supported only by muscles. Fish fins are distinctive anatomical features with varying structures among different clades: in ray-finned fish (Actinopterygii), fins are mainly composed of bony spines or rays covered by a thin stretch of scaleless skin; in lobe-finned fish ( Sarcopterygii) such as coelacanths and lungfish, fins are short rays based around a muscular central bud supported by jointed bones; in cartilaginous fish ( Chondrichthyes) and jawless fish ( Agnatha), fins are fleshy " flippers" supported by a cartilaginous skeleton. Fins at different locations of the fish body serve different purposes, and are divided into two groups: the midsagittal ''unpaired fins'' and the more laterally located ''paired fins''. Unpaired fins are p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meckel's Cartilage
In humans, the cartilaginous bar of the mandibular arch is formed by what are known as Meckel's cartilages (right and left; also known as Meckelian cartilages), above which the incus and malleus are located. Meckel's cartilage arises from the first pharyngeal arch. The dorsal end of each cartilage is connected with the ear-capsule and is ossified to form the malleus; the ventral ends meet each other in the region of the mandibular symphysis, and are usually regarded as undergoing ossification to form that portion of the mandible which contains the incisor teeth. The intervening part of the cartilage disappears; the portion immediately adjacent to the malleus is replaced by fibrous membrane, which constitutes the sphenomandibular ligament, while from the connective tissue covering the remainder of the cartilage the greater part of the mandible is ossified. Johann Friedrich Meckel, the Younger discovered this cartilage in 1820. Evolution Meckel's cartilage is a piece of cartil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
