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MN 5 (biostratigraphic Zone)
In biostratigraphy, MN 5 is one of the MN zones used to characterize the fossil mammal faunas of the Neogene of Europe. It is preceded by MN 4 and followed by MN 6 and is part of the Orleanian age of the middle Miocene. MN 5 starts within magnetostratigraphic chron C5Cr, at 17.0 million years ago, and ends at the start of chron C5Bn.1r, at 15.0 million years ago, although some different correlations have been proposed.Steininger, 1999, pp. 16–17 The reference locality used to correlate faunas with this zone is Pontlevoy-Thenay in France; other localities include La Retama in Spain, Castelnau-d'Arbieu in France, and Sandelzhausen in Germany.Mein, 1999, p. 28 In this zone, the muroid rodent '' Cricetodon'' first appears in western Europe, as do the poorly known '' Lartetomys'' and '' Mixocricetodon''.Mein, 1999, p. 29 In the extinct rodent family Eomyidae, the genus '' Ligerimys'' last appears during MN 5, but '' Keramidomys'' and '' Eomyops'' appear as immigrants.Mein, 1999 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biostratigraphy
Biostratigraphy is the branch of stratigraphy which focuses on correlating and assigning relative ages of rock strata by using the fossil assemblages contained within them.Hine, Robert. “Biostratigraphy.” ''Oxford Reference: Dictionary of Biology'', 8th ed., Oxford University Press, 2019. The primary objective of biostratigraphy is ''correlation'', demonstrating that a particular horizon in one geological section represents the same period of time as another horizon at a different section. Fossils within these strata are useful because sediments of the same age can look completely different, due to local variations in the sedimentary environment. For example, one section might have been made up of clays and marls, while another has more chalky limestones. However, if the fossil species recorded are similar, the two sediments are likely to have been laid down around the same time. Ideally these fossils are used to help identify biozones, as they make up the basic biostratigraphy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eomyidae
Eomyidae is a family (biology), family of extinct rodents from North America and Eurasia related to modern day pocket gophers and Heteromyidae, kangaroo rats. They are known from the Middle Eocene to the Late Miocene in North America and from the Late Eocene to the Pleistocene in Eurasia. Eomyids were generally small, but occasionally large, and tended to be squirrel-like in form and habits. The family includes the earliest known gliding rodent, ''Eomys, Eomys quercyi''. The family includes the following genera: *''Simiacritomys'' (placement uncertain) *''Symplokeomys'' *Subfamily Yoderimyinae **''Litoyoderimys'' **''Yoderimys'' **''Zaisaneomys'' **''Zemiodontomys'' *Subfamily Apeomyinae **''Apeomyoides'' **''Apeomys'' **''Arikareeomys'' **''Megapeomys'' **''Zophoapeomys'' *Subfamily Eomyinae **''Adjidaumo'' **''Aguafriamys'' **''Asianeomys'' **''Aulolithomys'' **''Centimanomys'' **''Comancheomys'' **''Cristadjidaumo'' **''Cupressimus'' **''Eomyodon'' **''Eomyops'' **''Eomys'' **' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chalicotherium
''Chalicotherium'' (Ancient Greek /, -: pebble/gravel + /, diminutive of / : beast) is a genus of extinct odd-toed ungulates of the order Perissodactyla and family Chalicotheriidae. The genus is known from Europe and Asia, from the Middle Miocene to Late Miocene. This animal would look much like other chalicotheriid species: an odd-looking herbivore with long clawed forelimbs and stouter weight-bearing hindlimbs. The type species, ''Chalicotherium goldfussi'', from Late Miocene Europe, was described by Johann Jakob Kaup in 1833. When the French naturalist George Cuvier first received a cleft claw from Eppelheim, Germany, he identified it as the toe bone of a gigantic pangolin. Description ''Chalicotherium'', like many members of Perissodactyla, was adapted to browsing, though the chalicotheres were uniquely adapted to do so among ungulates. Its arms were long and heavily clawed, allowing them to walk on their knuckles only. The arms were used to reach for the branche ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancylotherium
''Ancylotherium'' (from Greek, meaning "hooked beast") is an extinct genus of the family Chalicotheriidae, subfamily Schizotheriinae, endemic to Europe, Asia, and Africa during the Late Miocene- Early Pleistocene (9.0—1.8 mya), existing for approximately . Taxonomy ''Ancylotherium'' was named by Gaudry (1863) and was assigned to Chalicotheriidae by Carroll (1988); and to Schizotheriinae by Geraads et al. (2007). Description With some individuals reaching high at the shoulder and a weight of , ''Ancylotherium'' was relatively large, and was built rather like a goat. Individuals varied considerably in size, and the genus may have been sexually dimorphic, like many other chalicotheres. While it had the typical long forelimbs and short hind limbs of a chalicothere, like other schizotheriines, it did not walk on its knuckles. It was similar to the North American genus ''Moropus''. In at least some individuals of ''A. pentelicum'' the frontal bone of the skull is inflated to form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaindatherium
''Gaindatherium'' is an extinct genus of rhinoceros that lived in Asia during the Miocene. It is mainly known from the Siwalik Hills in Pakistan, though its fossils have been found as far west as the Negev desert. Description ''Gaindatherium'' is believed to be the direct ancestor of the genus ''Rhinoceros A rhinoceros (; ; ), commonly abbreviated to rhino, is a member of any of the five extant taxon, extant species (or numerous extinct species) of odd-toed ungulates in the family (biology), family Rhinocerotidae. (It can also refer to a member ...''. Among the features it shares with that genus are arched nasal bones that helped support its single horn and a forward-inclined back of skull. Its skull is longer and narrower compared to ''Rhinoceros'', with more primitive brachyodont teeth. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q2697920 Miocene mammals of Asia Miocene rhinoceroses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hispanotherium
''Hispanotherium'' was a genus of rhinoceros of the tribe Elasmotheriini endemic to Europe and Asia during the Miocene The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recent" ... living from 16—7.25 mya existing for approximately . Taxonomy ''Hispanotherium'' was erected by Crusafont and Villalta (1947) for the nominal species ''"Rhinoceros" matritense''.Prado, C. de. 1864. Descripci´on F´ısica y Geol´ogica de la Provincia de Madrid. Junta General de Estad´ıstica. Imprenta Nacional, Madrid. The Asian form ''Huaqingtherium'' was once assigned to ''Hispanotherium'', but was eventually recognized as distinct. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q290303 Miocene rhinoceroses Miocene mammals of Europe Prehistoric rhinoceroses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plesiaceratherium
''Plesiaceratherium'' is an extinct genus of rhinoceros. It includes two species: ''P. gracile'' from China and ''P. mirallesi'' from France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan ar .... ''Plesiaceratherium gracile'' was a mid-sized, hornless species of rhinoceros. Estimated size is in head-body length, in shoulder height, and in weight. Males had significantly larger incisors than females, and combined with their large body size it suggests that this species was polygynous and had a solitary lifestyle. References Miocene rhinoceroses {{paleo-oddtoedungulate-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prosantorhinus
''Prosantorhinus'' is an extinct genus of rhinoceros from the lower and middle Miocene. The small teleoceratine rhinocerotid was found in western Europe and Asia. Description ''Posantorhinus'' was a similarly sized animal to the Sumatran rhinoceros, it stood at around 4'3" (130 cm) at the shoulder and was about 9'6" (290cm) long, weight estimates however are considerably bigger due to its considerably deeper chest. ''Posantorhinus'' ' body plan is stubbier than other rhinoceros', adding to that ''Posantorhinus'' ' brachyodont molars it would seem to suggest ''Posantorhinus'' led a semiaquatic life, similar to a hippopotamus The hippopotamus ( ; : hippopotamuses or hippopotami; ''Hippopotamus amphibius''), also called the hippo, common hippopotamus, or river hippopotamus, is a large semiaquatic mammal native to sub-Saharan Africa. It is one of only two exta ..., possibly feeding on fresh water plants. The rugged texture at the tip of its snout could suggest the exi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pliopithecus
''Pliopithecus'' {meaning "more ape") is a genus of extinct primates of the Miocene. It was discovered in 1837 by Édouard Lartet (1801–1871) in France, with fossils subsequently discovered in Switzerland, Slovakia and Spain. ''Pliopithecus'' had a similar size and form to modern gibbons, to which it may be related, although it is probably not a direct ancestor. It had long limbs, hands, and feet, and may have been able to brachiate, swinging between trees using its arms. Unlike gibbons, it had a short tail, and only partial stereoscopic vision. They appear to have originated in Asia and extended their range into Europe between 20 and 17 million years ago. Begun and Harrison list the following species within the genus: * ''Pliopithecus antiquus'' * ''Pliopithecus bii'' * ''Pliopithecus canmatensis'' * ''Pliopithecus platyodon'' * '' Pliopithecus vindobonensis'' * ''Pliopithecus zhanxiangi'' ''Pliopithecus antiquus'' has been referred to previously as ''P. piveteaui''. ''P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphiperatherium
''Amphiperatherium'' is an extinct genus of metatherian mammal, closely related to marsupials. It ranged from the Early Eocene to the Middle Miocene in Europe. It is the most recent metatherian known from the continent. Description Like modern opossums, to which it was distantly related, this animal had a 15 centimeters long body and a 17 centimeters long tail. Its body size was relatively larger than some of its earlier relatives, such as ''Peradectes'', but its tail was proportionally shorter. Classification ''Amphiperatherium'' is part of an evolutionary radiation of opossum-like metatherians, known as Herpetotheriidae, typical of the Early Cenozoic of Europe, Asia and North America, currently considered either the most primitive of all marsupials, or the sister taxa of Marsupialia. ''Amphiperatherium'' was not only the more recent herpetotheriid known, but also the last marsupial known in Europe, becoming extinct during the Middle Miocene, 15 millions of years ago. Its e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marsupial
Marsupials are any members of the mammalian infraclass Marsupialia. All extant marsupials are endemic to Australasia, Wallacea and the Americas. A distinctive characteristic common to most of these species is that the young are carried in a pouch. Marsupials include opossums, Tasmanian devils, kangaroos, koalas, wombats, wallabies, bandicoots, and the extinct thylacine. Marsupials represent the clade originating from the last common ancestor of extant metatherians, the group containing all mammals more closely related to marsupials than to placentals. They give birth to relatively undeveloped young that often reside in a pouch located on their mothers' abdomen for a certain amount of time. Close to 70% of the 334 extant species occur on the Australian continent (the mainland, Tasmania, New Guinea and nearby islands). The remaining 30% are found in the Americas—primarily in South America, thirteen in Central America, and one species, the Virginia opossum, in Nort ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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