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M'Zab Valley
The M'zab or Mzab ( Mozabite: ''Aghlan'', ar, مزاب) is a natural region of the northern Sahara Desert in Ghardaïa Province, Algeria. It is located south of Algiers and there are approximately 360,000 inhabitants (2005 estimate). Geology The Mzab is a limestone plateau, centred on the Wad Mzab (''Oued Mzab'') valley. History The Mozabites ("Ath Mzab") are a branch of a large Berber tribe, the Iznaten, which lived in large areas of middle southern Algeria. Many Tifinagh letters and symbols are engraved around the Mzab Valley. After the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb, the Mozabites became Muslims of the Mu'tazili school. The indigenous Christian population persisted until the 11th century. After the fall of the Rustamid state, the Rustamid royal family with some of their citizens chose the Mzab Valley as their refuge. However, the Rostemids were Ibadi and sent a preacher (Abu Bakr an-Nafusi) who successfully converted the indigenous Mozabites. France invaded Algeri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghardaïa
Ghardaïa ( ar, غرداية, Mzab-Berber: ''Taɣerdayt'') is the capital city of Ghardaïa Province, Algeria. The commune of Ghardaïa has a population of 93,423 according to the 2008 census, up from 87,599 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 0.7%. It is located in northern-central Algeria in the Sahara Desert and lies along the left bank of the Wadi Mzab. The M'zab valley in the Ghardaïa Province (Wilaya) was inscribed under the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1982, as a cultural property evaluated under the criteria II (for its settlement affecting urban planning even to the present century), III (for its Ibadi cultural values), and V (a settlement culture which has prevailed to the present century). Ghardaïa is part of a pentapolis, a hilltop city amongst four others, built almost a thousand years ago in the M’Zab valley. It was founded by the Mozabites, an Ibadi sect of the Amazigh Muslims. It is a major centre of date production and the manufacture of rugs and clo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rustamid Dynasty
The Rustamid dynasty () (or ''Rustumids'', ''Rostemids'') was a ruling house of Ibāḍī imāms of Persian descent centered in Algeria. The dynasty governed as a Muslim theocracy for a century and a half from its capital Tiaret (present day Tagdemt) until the Ismaili Fatimid Caliphate defeated it. Rustamid authority extended over what is now central and western Algeria, parts of southern Tunisia, and the Jebel Nafusa and Fezzan regions in Libya as far as Zawila. History The Ibāḍī movement reached North Africa by 719, when the missionary Salma ibn Sa'd was sent from the Ibādī ''jama'a'' of Basra to Kairouan. By 740, their efforts had converted the major Berber tribes of Huwara around Tripoli, in the Nafusa Mountains and at Zenata in western Tripolitania. In 757 (140 AH), a group of four Basra-educated missionaries including ʻAbd ar-Rahmān ibn Rustam proclaimed an Ibāḍī imamate, starting an abortive state led by Abu l-Khattab Abdul-A'la ibn as-Samh wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Heritage Convention
The World Heritage Convention, formally the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, is an international treaty signed on 23 November 1972, which created the World Heritage Sites, with the primary goals of nature conservation and the preservation of cultural properties. The convention, a signed document of international agreement, guides the work of the World Heritage Committee. It was developed over a seven-year period (1965–1972). The convention defines which sites which can be considered for inscription on the World Heritage List, sets out the duties of each country's governments to identify potential sites and to protect and preserve them. Signatory countries pledge to conserve the World Heritage sites situated on their territory, and report regularly on the state of their conservation. The convention also sets out how the World Heritage Fund is to be used and managed. It was adopted by the General Conference of UNESCO on 16 Nove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mzab Ghardaïa
Mzab may refer to: * M'zab, region in Algeria * Mzab (Moroccan tribe) Mzab () is a tribal confederation south of Casablanca in Morocco, part of the Chaouia. The bulk of Mzab are of Arabized Berber origins while the rest are of Hilalian Arab origins. The Moroccan Mzab are not to be confused with the Algerian Berber t ..., a tribe in Morocco * Mzab gundi, species of rodent * Mzab-Wargla, language {{Disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El Guerrara
El Guerrara ( ar, القرارة) (also written al-Qarārah or Guerara) is a town and commune, coextensive with El Guerrara District, in Ghardaïa Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 59,514, up from 48,313 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 2.1%. Climate El Guerrara has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification ''BWh''), with very hot summers and mild winters, and very little precipitation throughout the year. Transportation El Guerrara is on the W33, a regional road between Berriane on the N1 to the west, and the N3 about halfway between Touggourt and Ouargla Ouargla ( Berber: Wargrən, ar, ورقلة) is the capital city of Ouargla Province in the Sahara Desert in southern Algeria. It has a flourishing petroleum industry and hosts one of Algeria's universities, the University of Ouargla. The commune ... to the east. Education 40% of the population has a tertiary education (the equal highest in the province), and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bounoura
Bounoura ( ar, ) is a town and commune and capital of Bounoura District in Ghardaïa Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 35,405, up from 27,775 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 2.5%. It is effectively a suburb of the provincial capital Ghardaïa. Geography Bounoura lies on the banks of the Wadi Mzab, an intermittent river in the M'zab valley, just downstream upstream of Ghardaïa. The area has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Transportation Bounoura is located on the N1 highway, part of the Trans-Sahara Highway, which leads north to Laghouat and south to El Goléa, In Salah and Tamanrasset Tamanrasset (; ar, تامنراست), also known as Tamanghasset or Tamenghest, is an oasis city and capital of Tamanrasset Province in southern Algeria, in the Ahaggar Mountains. It is the chief city of the Algerian Tuareg. It is located an a .... Education 7.0% of the population has a tertiary education, and another 16.0% has c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ksar
Ksar or qsar (Maghrebi Arabic: قصر ''qṣer'' or ڭصر ''gser'', plural ''qṣur''; Berber: ⵉⴴⵔⵎ ''aghrem'' or ''ighrem'', plural: ''igherman''), plural ksars, qsars, ksour or qsour, is the North African term for "fortified village," from Arabic ''qaṣar'' (), itself possibly loaned from Latin ''castrum''. The term generally refers to a Berber fortified village. Related terms The origin of the Maghrebi Arabic term ''qsar'' is ''qaṣar'' () in Standard Arabic, which means "castle" or "palace"; this term is also found elsewhere in the Muslim world. See, for example, the Iberian ''alcázar''. The Berber (Amazigh) original word for "ksar" used in North Africa by the Berber-speaking populations is ''aghrem'' (singular) or ''igherman'' (plural). In the Maghreb, the term has a more general meaning of "fortified village," or "fort". The Berber word ''igherman'' might be a cognate word, with an identical meaning, with the word '' Garamantes'', which is the name o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bouïra
Bouïra is the capital of Bouïra Province, Algeria. The city is also called "Garanda" by the locals. Demographics It has 75,086 inhabitants as of the 1998 census,http://www.joradp.dz/JO2000/2002/047/FP15.pdf which gives it 15 seats in the PMA. Geography It is located in the geographical heart of the province. It borders the municipality of Ait Laziz in the north, Aïn Turk in the north-east (home to the largest aqueduct in Africa), Aïn El Hadjar in the east, El Hachimia in the south-east, Oued El Berdi in the south, El Asnam Chlef ( ar, الشلف, Berber: Clef) is the capital of Chlef Province, Algeria. Located in the north of Algeria, west of the capital, Algiers, it was founded in 1843, as Orléansville, on the ruins of Roman ''Castellum Tingitanum''. In 1962, ... in the south-west, Haizer in the west, and Taghzourt in the north-west. References External links Kabylie Populated places in Bouïra Province Province seats of Algeria Algeria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El Atteuf
El Atteuf ( ar, العطف) is a town and commune in Ghardaïa Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 14,752, up from 12,713 in 1998, and an annual population growth rate of 1.5%. It is located in the M'zab valley about east of Ghardaïa, the provincial capital. Geography El Atteuf lies on the banks of the Wadi Mzab, an intermittent river in the M'zab valley, downstream of Ghardaïa. The area has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site A World Heritage Site is a landmark or area with legal protection by an international convention administered by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). World Heritage Sites are designated by UNESCO for .... El Atteuf is the oldest town in the area. Education 7.0% of the population has a tertiary education (the equal second highest in the province after Metlili), and another 16.6% has competed secondary education. The overall literacy rate is 89.4% (the high ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Conquest Of Algeria
The French invasion of Algeria (; ) took place between 1830 and 1903. In 1827, an argument between Hussein Dey, the ruler of the Deylik of Algiers, and the French consul escalated into a blockade, following which the July Monarchy of France invaded and quickly seized Algiers in 1830, and seized other coastal communities. Amid internal political strife in France, decisions were repeatedly taken to retain control of the territory, and additional military forces were brought in over the following years to quell resistance in the interior of the country. Algerian resistance forces were divided between forces under Ahmed Bey ben Mohamed Chérif at Constantine, primarily in the east, and nationalist forces in the Kabylia and the west. Treaties with the nationalists under Emir Abdelkader enabled the French to first focus on the elimination of the remnants of the Deylik, achieved with the 1837 Siege of Constantine. Abd Al-Qādir continued to give stiff resistance in the west. Fin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
