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Luxembourg And The Belgian Revolution
In the early 19th century, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg was ruled in personal union by the King of the Netherlands, William I of the Netherlands, William I. The territory that is now Belgium was similarly part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. When the Belgian Revolution occurred in 1830, most of Luxembourg rallied to this Revolution, and accepted Belgian rule. The exception was the Fortress of Luxembourg, fortress and capital, Luxembourg City, which housed a Dutch-German garrison and remained loyal to William I. This led to a ''de facto'' separation of the country from 1830-1839, when most of it was loyal to and administered by Belgium, while one part retained allegiance to the Netherlands. The situation was resolved in 1839 when the international great powers and William I agreed that Luxembourg would remain in his possession, and lose its Province of Luxembourg, French-speaking parts to the new country of Belgium. Background At the Vienna Congress of 1815, the great pow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Willem I In Kroningsmantel
Willem () is a Dutch name, Dutch and West Frisian language, West FrisianRienk de Haan, ''Fryske Foarnammen'', Leeuwarden, 2002 (Friese Pers Boekerij), , p. 158. masculine given name. The name is Germanic languages, Germanic, and can be seen as the Dutch language, Dutch equivalent of the name William (name), William in English language, English, Guillaume (given name), Guillaume in French language, French, Guilherme in Portuguese language, Portuguese, Guillermo in Spanish language, Spanish and Wilhelm (name), Wilhelm in German language, German. Nicknames that are derived from Willem are Jelle, Pim (name), Pim, Willie, Willy (other), Willy and Wim. Given name *Willem I of the Netherlands, Willem I (1772–1843), King of the Netherlands *William II of the Netherlands, Willem II (1792–1849), King of the Netherlands *William III of the Netherlands, Willem III (1817–1890), King of the Netherlands *William, Prince of Orange, Willem of the Netherlands (1840–1879), Dutch pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orangism (Luxembourg)
Orangism was a movement in the 19th century Grand Duchy of Luxembourg favouring the personal union of the Netherlands and Luxembourg under the House of Orange-Nassau. Background Made up of many notable figures, mainly nobles and Roman Catholic clergy, they were moderate liberals or conservative-liberals and slightly anti-clerical. At first they favoured maintaining the Grand Duchy's autonomous status and, especially during the Belgian Revolution, opposed it being merged into Belgium. In the end the western part of the Grand Duchy (the present province of Luxembourg) passed to Belgium, whilst the eastern part and the Orange grand duchy continued as an independent state. In 1890 the heads of the House of Orange were grand dukes of Luxembourg, but on the death of king and grand duke William III in 1890 he was succeeded by his relation Adolphe as grand duke since Luxembourg's constitution did not allow a woman ( Princess Wilhelmina) to hold the throne. The movement's newsletter wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1830 In Luxembourg
Year 183 ( CLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known in Rome as the Year of the Consulship of Aurelius and Victorinus (or, less frequently, year 936 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 183 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Births * January 26 – Lady Zhen, wife of the Cao Wei state Emperor Cao Pi (d. 221) * Hu Zong, Chinese general, official and poet of the Eastern Wu state (d. 242) * Liu Zan (Zhengming), Chinese general of the Eastern Wu state (d. 255) * Lu Xun, Chinese general and politician of the Eastern Wu state (d. 245 __NOTOC__ Year 245 ( CCXLV) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Philippus and Titianus (or, less frequently, year 998 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination ...) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1830 In Belgium
Events in the year 1830 in Belgium. Incumbents :Monarch: William I of the Netherlands (to 4 October) Events ;August * 25 August – Belgian Revolution begins ;September * 24 September – Provisional Government of Belgium formed ;October * October – Garde Civique formed to maintain public order * 4 October – Provisional government proclaims Belgian independence.William Henry Overall, ''The dictionary of chronology, or historical and statistical register'' (London, 1870), p. 76. * 17 October – Decree of the provisional government prohibiting importation of jenever from the Netherlands. * 27 October – Belgian forces take Antwerp; Dutch forces bombard the city from Antwerp Citadel. ;November * 3 November – Belgian general election, 1830, Elections for the National Congress of Belgium held. * 10 November – First session of the National Congress of Belgium. * 25 November – Étienne-Modeste Glorieux founds the fraternity in Ronse that would eventually become the Broth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belgium–Netherlands Relations
Belgian–Dutch relations refer to the bilateral relations between Belgium and the Netherlands. Belgium and the Netherlands have one of the closest international relationships in existence, marked by shared history, culture, institutions and language, extensive people-to-people links, aligned security interests, sporting tournaments and vibrant trade and investment cooperation. Both nations are members of the European Union and NATO and, together with Luxembourg, form the Low Countries region and the Benelux economic union. History Middle Ages During the Middle Ages, the territories that now comprise Belgium and the Netherlands were part of a patchwork of feudal states in the Low Countries. Despite political fragmentation (with counties and duchies such as Flanders, Brabant, Holland, and others), the region developed dense economic and cultural interconnections. By the 13th century the Low Countries had become one of the most prosperous areas in Europe, rivaling northern Italy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Partitions Of Luxembourg
There were three Partitions of Luxembourg between 1659 and 1839. Together, the three partitions reduced the territory of the Duchy of Luxembourg from to the present-day area of over a period of 240 years. The remainder forms parts of modern-day Belgium, France, and Germany. All three countries bordering Luxembourg have, at one point or another, sought the complete annexation of Luxembourg, but all such attempts have failed. Conversely, there have been historical movements to reverse Luxembourg's loss of territory, but none of these came to fruition, and Luxembourgish revanchism is only a fringe opinion today. First Partition The first partition of Luxembourg occurred in 1659, when the Duchy of Luxembourg was in personal union with the Kingdom of Spain. During the Franco-Spanish War, France and England had captured much of the Spanish Netherlands. Under the Treaty of the Pyrenees, France received from Luxembourg the fortresses of Stenay, Thionville, and Montmédy, and the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otto Von Bismarck
Otto, Prince of Bismarck, Count of Bismarck-Schönhausen, Duke of Lauenburg (; born ''Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck''; 1 April 1815 – 30 July 1898) was a German statesman and diplomat who oversaw the unification of Germany and served as its first Chancellor of Germany, chancellor from 1871 to 1890. Bismarck's ''Realpolitik'' and firm governance resulted in him being popularly known as the Iron Chancellor (). From Junker (Prussia), Junker landowner origins, Otto von Bismarck rose rapidly in Prussia, Prussian politics under King William I, German Emperor, Wilhelm I of Prussia. He served as the Prussian ambassador to Russian Empire, Russia and Second French Empire, France and in both houses of the Landtag of Prussia, Prussian parliament. From 1862 to 1890, he held office as the Minister President of Prussia, minister president and foreign minister of Prussia. Under Bismarck's leadership, Prussia provoked three short, decisive wars against Second Schleswig War, Denmark, Austr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Count Benedetti
Vincent, Count Benedetti (29 April 181728 March 1900) was a French diplomat. He is probably best known as one of the central figures in the instigation of the Franco-Prussian War through his role in the Ems Dispatch. Life and career Benedetti was born to a family of Greek origin at Bastia, on the island of Corsica. In 1840, he entered the service of the French foreign office and was appointed to a post under the Marquis de la Valette, who was consul-general at Cairo. He spent eight years in Egypt, being appointed consul in 1845. Whilst in Egypt, Benedetti met and eventually married a Greek slave woman who was a survivor of the Massacre of Chios. In 1848, he was made consul at Palermo, and in 1851, he accompanied the marquis, who had been appointed ambassador at Constantinople, as first secretary. For fifteen months during the progress of the Crimean War, Benedetti acted as ''chargé d'affaires''. In the second volume of his essays, he gives some recollections of his experience ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maastricht
Maastricht ( , , ; ; ; ) is a city and a Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the southeastern Netherlands. It is the capital city, capital and largest city of the province of Limburg (Netherlands), Limburg. Maastricht is located on both sides of the Meuse (), at the point where the river is joined by the Jeker. Mount Saint Peter (''Sint-Pietersberg'') is largely situated within the city's municipal borders. Maastricht is adjacent to the border with Belgium and is part of the Meuse-Rhine Euroregion, an international metropolis with a population of about 3.9 million, which includes the nearby German and Belgian cities of Aachen, Liège, and Hasselt. Maastricht developed from a Roman Republic, Roman settlement (''Trajectum ad Mosam'') to a medieval river trade and religious centre. In the 16th century it became a garrison town and in the 19th century an early industrial centre. Today, the city is a thriving cultural and regional hub. It became well known through ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
London Conference Of 1830
The London Conference of 1830 brought together representatives of the five major European powers Austrian Empire, Austria, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Britain, July monarchy, France, Prussia and Russian Empire, Russia. At the conference, which began on 20 December, they recognized the success of the Belgian revolution, Belgian secession from the United Kingdom of the Netherlands and permanently guaranteed History of Belgium#Independence, Belgian independence. Dutch response The History of the Netherlands#Belgium breaks away, Dutch were strongly opposed to Belgian independence, Ten days' campaign, launching an unsuccessful invasion in 1831. Not until 1839 did the Dutch accept the decision of the London Conference and recognize Belgian independence. Winners and losers Fishman says that the London Conference was "an extraordinarily successful conference" because it "provided the institutional framework through which the leading powers of the time safeguarded the p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal Convention (German Confederation)
The Federal Convention (or ''Confederate Diet'' ) was the only general joint institution of the German Confederation () from 1815 until 1848, and from 1851 until 1866. The Federal Convention had its seat in the ''Palais Thurn und Taxis'' in Free City of Frankfurt, Frankfurt. It was organized as a permanent congress of envoys of the member states. Origin The German Confederation and its Diet came into existence as a result of the Congress of Vienna in 1815 after the defeat of Napoleon I of France, Napoleon. The original task was to create a new constitutional structure for Germany after the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire eight years before. The princes of the German states wanted to keep their sovereignty, therefore the German Confederation was created as a loose confederation of independent monarchist states, but included four free cities as well. The founding act was the ''Constitution of the German Confederation, German Federal Act'' of 8 June 1815 (German language, Germ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
