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Loyalty Islands Languages
The thirty New Caledonian languages also known as Kanak languages form a branch of the Southern Oceanic languages. Their speakers are known as Kanaks. One language is extinct, one is critically endangered, four are severely endangered, five are endangered, and another five are vulnerable to extinction. Typology The Cèmuhî, Paicî, Drubea, Numèè, and Kwenyii languages are tonal.Rivierre, Jean-Claude. 1993Tonogenesis in New Caledonia In Edmondson and Gregerson: ''Tonality in Austronesian languages'', 155–173. Oceanic Linguistics Special Publication 24. Other than phonemically contrastive tone, typological features in New Caledonian languages that are typically unusual for Oceanic languages include nasalized vowels, very large vowel inventories, retroflex consonants, and voiceless nasals. Languages *Loyalty Islands **Drehu (Lifou Island) ** Iaai (Ouvéa Island) ** Nengone (Maré Island) *Mainland New Caledonian **Southern New Caledonian ***Extreme Southern **** Nd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Caledonia
New Caledonia ( ; ) is a group of islands in the southwest Pacific Ocean, southwest of Vanuatu and east of Australia. Located from Metropolitan France, it forms a Overseas France#Sui generis collectivity, ''sui generis'' collectivity of the French Republic, a legal status unique in overseas France, and is enshrined in a dedicated chapter of the French Constitution. The archipelago, part of the Melanesia subregion, includes the main island of Grande Terre (New Caledonia), Grande Terre, the Loyalty Islands, the Chesterfield Islands, the Belep archipelago, the Isle of Pines (New Caledonia), Isle of Pines, and a few remote islets. The Chesterfield Islands are in the Coral Sea. French people, especially locals, call Grande Terre , a nickname also used more generally for the entire New Caledonia. Kanak people#Agitation for independence, Pro-independence Kanak parties use the name (''pron.'' ) to refer to New Caledonia, a term coined in the 1980s from the ethnic name of the indi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lifou Island
Lifou Island, historically spelt Lifu or Lefu in English, and known as Drehu in the local language, is the largest, most populous and most important island of the Loyalty Islands, in the archipelago of New Caledonia, an French overseas territories, overseas territory of France in the Pacific Ocean. With a total area of , Lifou is located east of Australia at . Background The first European to sight the island was Frenchman Dumont d’Urville in 1857. It was soon after visited by whalers and traders, and became a destination for Protestant and Catholic missionaries to Proselytism, proselytize the indigenous population. In 1864 the islands were annexed by France who in turn established it as an Aboriginal Reserve as it was not believed suitable for extensive colonialization. Administration The island is part of the communes of France, commune (municipality) of Lifou, in the Loyalty Islands Province of New Caledonia. The administrative center of the commune is located at Wé, on t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neku Language
Neku is an endangered Oceanic language of New Caledonia which is part of the Austronesian language family The Austronesian languages ( ) are a language family widely spoken throughout Maritime Southeast Asia, parts of Mainland Southeast Asia, Madagascar, the islands of the Pacific Ocean and Taiwan (by Taiwanese indigenous peoples). They are spoken b .... References New Caledonian languages Languages of New Caledonia Severely endangered languages {{NewCaledonia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arhö Language
Arhö is a moribund Oceanic language of New Caledonia New Caledonia ( ; ) is a group of islands in the southwest Pacific Ocean, southwest of Vanuatu and east of Australia. Located from Metropolitan France, it forms a Overseas France#Sui generis collectivity, ''sui generis'' collectivity of t .... In 2000, there were only 10 speakers of the language. References New Caledonian languages Languages of New Caledonia Critically endangered languages {{NewCaledonia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arhâ Language
Arhâ is a nearly extinct Oceanic language of New Caledonia New Caledonia ( ; ) is a group of islands in the southwest Pacific Ocean, southwest of Vanuatu and east of Australia. Located from Metropolitan France, it forms a Overseas France#Sui generis collectivity, ''sui generis'' collectivity of t .... References New Caledonian languages Languages of New Caledonia Critically endangered languages {{NewCaledonia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ajië Language
Ajië (also known as ''Houailou (Wailu)'', ''Wai'', and ''A'jie'') is an Oceanic language spoken in New Caledonia. It has approximately 4,000 speakers. Phonology Consonants A glottal stop The glottal stop or glottal plosive is a type of consonantal sound used in many Speech communication, spoken languages, produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract or, more precisely, the glottis. The symbol in the International Phonetic ... only appears after oral vowels. Different speakers may realize /v/ as a bilabial sound /β/. Glide sounds �, ɻare heard as allophones of /r/. Vowels In addition to this, vowel length is phonetically distinct in Ajië, bringing an additional sixteen vowels for a total of forty-eight total vowels. Only the plain oral and nasal vowels are displayed for simplicity. References New Caledonian languages Languages of New Caledonia {{NewCaledonia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zire Language
Zire (Sîshëë), also known as ''Nerë'', is an extinct Oceanic language of New Caledonia New Caledonia ( ; ) is a group of islands in the southwest Pacific Ocean, southwest of Vanuatu and east of Australia. Located from Metropolitan France, it forms a Overseas France#Sui generis collectivity, ''sui generis'' collectivity of t .... It has been extinct since April 2006. Zire is sometimes considered a dialect of Ajië. References Languages of New Caledonia {{NewCaledonia-stub Extinct languages of New Caledonia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tîrî Language
Tiri (Ciri, Tĩrĩ), or Mea (''Ha Mea''), is an Oceanic language of New Caledonia. Grammar Pronouns and person marking Tîrî has two types of pronouns: personal pronouns, which make reference to person, number and case, and impersonal pronouns, which only have one respective form and are more restricted in their use (Osumi, 1995, p. 38). Like all other nominals in Tîrî, pronouns can occupy various positions throughout the clause (Osumi, 1995, p. 37). They may appear as the nominal subject of the verb, marked by the subject marker ''nrâ'' and agreeing in person and number with the subject pronoun in the predicate; the object of a verb; the object of a preposition; or the head of a predicate (Osumi, 1995, pp. 37–38). When they appear within the verb phrase, personal pronouns show agreement in person and number with the nominal subject that optionally follows the predicate (Osumi, 1995, p. 38). Personal pronouns in Tîrî also mark listener clusivit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xârâgurè Language
Xârâgurè ('Aragure, Haragure) is an Oceanic language of New Caledonia. External links * Paradisec haan open access collection of recordingsin Xârâcùù and Xârâgurè made by Claire Moyse-Faurie Claire Moyse-Faurie (born 7 October 1949) is a French linguist specializing in Oceanic languages, in particular the languages of Wallis and Futuna and of New Caledonia. Education, career and honours Moyse-Faurie studied with the linguist Andr ... References New Caledonian languages Languages of New Caledonia Vulnerable languages {{NewCaledonia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xârâcùù
Xârâcùù (), or Canala, is an Oceanic language spoken in New Caledonia. It has about 5,000 speakers. Xârâcùù is most commonly spoken in the south Central area of New Caledonia in and around the city of Canala and the municipalities of Canala, Thio, and Boulouparis. Current status Xârâcùù is considered a recognized teaching language, and is part of New Caledonian culture. It is predominantly used as the main language in the Nouméa area, and is not considered endangered by UNESCO due to it being one of the most spoken languages in the area, with more than 90% of Canala residents being able to speak some form of it. Xârâcùù is the fourth-most spoken language in New Caledonia Kanak, with a teaching school in the Canala area, although primary language use is at home. Xârâcùù is taught in the Canala area due to the EPK (''École Populaire Kanak''), founded by Marie-Adele Néchérö Jorédié. It is the only language that is being taught in the area and is taugh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ndrumbea Language
Ndrumbea, variously spelled Dumbea, Ndumbea, Dubea, Drubea and Païta, is a New Caledonian language that gave its name to the capital of New Caledonia, Nouméa, and the neighboring town of Dumbéa; it is also spoken in the nearby region of Païta. It however has been displaced to villages outside the capital, with fewer than a thousand speakers remaining. Gordon (1995) estimates that there may only be two or three hundred. The Dubea are the people; the language has been called Naa Dubea (or more precisely Ṇã́ã Ṇḍùmbea) "language of Dubea". Ndrumbea is one of the few Austronesian languages that is tonal, and it has a series of consonants that are also unusual for the region. Phonology Ndrumbea, like its close relative Numee, is a tonal language, with three contrasting tones, high, mid, and low. Vowels Ndrumbea has seven oral vowels, long and short. The mid front vowels are lower when short than long: . There are five nasal vowels, also long and short: . These interac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maré Island
Maré Island or Nengone () is the second-largest of the Loyalty Islands, in the archipelago of New Caledonia, an overseas territory of France in the Pacific Ocean. The island is part of the commune (municipality) of Maré, in the Loyalty Islands Province of New Caledonia. Geography The island is long and wide. It lies northeast of Grande Terre, New Caledonia's mainland. Like its neighbor to the north Lifou, Maré is a raised coral atoll, a former atoll that has been lifted about 120 meters. The interior of the island is the former lagoon, surrounded by a rim of higher land that was the ring of reef islets. Its fossil coral rock is honeycombed with caves, pools, and pits of all sizes, whose sharp edges make for difficult walking. Because of the lifting, the current shoreline is relatively recent and supports only short sections of nearshore fringing reef, unlike the extensive barrier reef found on the main island of New Caledonia, Grande Terre. The narrow beaches of Mar� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
