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Lower Carniolan Dialect Group
The Lower Carniolan dialect group (''dolenjska narečna skupina''Smole, Vera. 1998. "Slovenska narečja." ''Enciklopedija Slovenije'' vol. 12, pp. 1–5. Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga, p. 2.) is a group of closely related dialects of Slovene. The Lower Carniolan dialects are spoken in most of Lower Carniola and in the eastern half of Inner Carniola. Phonological and morphological characteristics Among other features, this group is characterized by pitch accent A pitch-accent language is a type of language that, when spoken, has certain syllables in words or morphemes that are prominent, as indicated by a distinct contrasting pitch (music), pitch (tone (linguistics), linguistic tone) rather than by vol ..., extensive diphthongization (''ei, ie, uo''), an ''a''-colored semivowel, shift of ''o'' > ''u'', and partial akanye. Individual dialects and subdialects * Lower Carniolan dialect (''dolenjsko narečje'', ''dolenjščina''Logar, Tine. 1996. ''Dialektološke in jezikovnozgod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Map Of Slovenian Dialects
A map is a symbolic depiction of interrelationships, commonly spatial, between things within a space. A map may be annotated with text and graphics. Like any graphic, a map may be fixed to paper or other durable media, or may be displayed on a transitory medium such as a computer screen. Some maps change interactively. Although maps are commonly used to depict geography, geographic elements, they may represent any space, real or fictional. The subject being mapped may be two-dimensional such as Earth's surface, three-dimensional such as Earth's interior, or from an abstract space of any dimension. Maps of geographic territory have a very long tradition and have existed from ancient times. The word "map" comes from the , wherein ''mappa'' meant 'napkin' or 'cloth' and ''mundi'' 'of the world'. Thus, "map" became a shortened term referring to a flat representation of Earth's surface. History Maps have been one of the most important human inventions for millennia, allowin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slovene Language
Slovene ( or ) or Slovenian ( ; ) is a South Slavic languages, South Slavic language of the Balto-Slavic languages, Balto-Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family. Most of its 2.5 million speakers are the inhabitants of Slovenia, the majority of them ethnic Slovenes. As Slovenia is part of the European Union, Slovene is also one of its 24 Languages of the European Union, official and working languages. Its grammar is highly fusional languages, fusional, and it has a Dual (grammatical number), dual grammatical number, an archaic feature shared with some other Indo-European languages. Two accentual norms (one characterized by Pitch-accent language, pitch accent) are used. Its flexible word order is often adjusted for emphasis or stylistic reasons, although basically it is an subject–verb–object word order, SVO language. It has a T–V distinction: the use of the V-form demonstrates a respectful attitude towards superiors and the elderly, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lower Carniola
Lower Carniola ( ; ) is a traditional region in Slovenia Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia, is a country in Central Europe. It borders Italy to the west, Austria to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Croatia to the south and southeast, and a short (46.6 km) coastline within the Adriati ..., the southeastern part of the historical Carniola region. Its largest town and urban center is Novo Mesto, with other urban centers including Kočevje, Grosuplje, Krško, Trebnje, and Ribnica. Geography Lower Carniola is delineated by the Ljubljana Basin with the city of Ljubljana to the northwest, by the Kolpa River and the border with Croatia with the Gorjanci Mountains to the south and southeast, by the Sava River to the north and northeast, and by Mount Krim, the Bloke Plateau, and the Potok Plateau () to the west. The southernmost region down to the border with Croatia on the Kolpa River is called White Carniola and usually considered part of Lower C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inner Carniola
Inner Carniola ( ; ) is a traditional region of Slovenia, the southwestern part of the larger Carniola region. It comprises the Hrušica (plateau), Hrušica karst plateau up to Postojna Gate, bordering the Slovenian Littoral (the Goriška, Gorizia region) in the west. Its administrative and economic center of the region is Postojna, and other minor centers include Vrhnika, Logatec, Cerknica, Pivka, and Ilirska Bistrica. Name The English name ''Inner Carniola'', like the Slovene name ''Notranjska'', is a translation of German ''Innerkrain'', referring to the southwest part of Carniola. The name was created by analogy with ''Inner Austria'' (), referring to the southwestern Habsburg hereditary lands. History Inner Carniola was a ''Circle (administrative division), kreis'' of the Duchy of Carniola, ruled by the archducal House of Habsburg within the Inner Austrian lands starting in the 14th century. The territorial arrangement was described by the scholar Johann Weikhard von Val ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pitch Accent
A pitch-accent language is a type of language that, when spoken, has certain syllables in words or morphemes that are prominent, as indicated by a distinct contrasting pitch (music), pitch (tone (linguistics), linguistic tone) rather than by volume or length, as in some other languages like English language, English. Pitch-accent languages also contrast with fully tonal languages like Vietnamese language, Vietnamese, Thai language, Thai and Standard Chinese, in which practically every syllable can have an independent tone. Some scholars have claimed that the term "pitch accent" is not coherently defined and that pitch-accent languages are just a sub-category of tonal languages in general. Languages that have been described as pitch-accent languages include: most dialects of Serbo-Croatian, Slovene language, Slovene, Baltic languages, Ancient Greek, Vedic Sanskrit, Tlingit language, Tlingit, Turkish language, Turkish, Japanese language, Japanese, Limburgish, Norwegian language, No ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akanye
Akanye or akanje (, , ), literally "''a''-ing", is a sound change in Slavic languages in which the phonemes or are realized as more or less close to . It is a case of vowel reduction. The most familiar example is probably Russian akanye (pronounced but not represented orthographically in the standard language). Akanye also occurs in: * Standard Belarusian (represented orthographically) * Northern ( Polissian and Slobozhan) Ukrainian dialects * Slovene dialects (e.g., Lower Carniolan dialects),Toporišič, Jože. 1992. ''Enciklopedija slovenskega jezika''. Ljubljana: Cankarjeva založba, p. 2. * Some subgroups of the Kajkavian dialect of Serbo-Croatian * Bulgarian dialects (e.g., the Rhodope dialects, including the Smolyan dialect). * Polish dialects (Podlasie, Kresy) Description In Belarusian ''аканне'' (akanne), both non-softened and softened and and other phonemes phonetically merge into in unstressed positions; see Belarusian phonology. In Russian ''� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lower Carniolan Dialect
The Lower Carniolan dialect ( , ) is a major Slovene dialect in the Lower Carniolan dialect group. It is one of the two central Slovene dialects and was the original foundation for standard Slovene along with the Ljubljana urban dialect.Toporišič, Jože. 1992. ''Enciklopedija slovenskega jezika''. Ljubljana: Cankarjeva založba, p. 25. It is spoken in most of Lower Carniola, but not in the southern part (it is not spoken in towns such as Babno Polje, Kočevje, and Semič), and it also includes settlements in eastern Inner Carniola. The dialect borders the Upper Carniolan dialect to the north, the Lower Sava Valley dialect to the east, Eastern Herzegovian Shtokavian and the North White Carniolan dialect to the southeast, the Mixed Kočevje subdialects to the south, the Čabranka dialect to the southwest, the Inner Carniolan dialect to the west, and the Horjul dialect to the northwest. The eastern part of the dialect is the Eastern Lower Carniolan subdialect. The dial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Lower Carniolan Subdialect
The Eastern Lower Carniolan subdialect (''vzhodnodolenjski govor'', ''vzhodna dolenjščina'',Logar, Tine. 1996. ''Dialektološke in jezikovnozgodovinske razprave''. Ljubljana: SAZU, p. 42. ''vzhodnodolenjsko podnarečje'') is a Slovene subdialect in the Lower Carniolan dialect group. It is spoken south of the Lower Sava Valley dialect in the watersheds of the Mirna and Temenica rivers, east of a line running from west of Trebnje and west of Novo Mesto to the lower Krka Valley. The dialect includes the settlements of Kostanjevica na Krki, Krmelj, Mirna, Mokronog, Novo Mesto, Raka, Šentjernej, Šentrupert, Škocjan and Trebnje.Toporišič, Jože. 1992. ''Enciklopedija slovenskega jezika''. Ljubljana: Cankarjeva založba, p. 360. Phonological and morphological characteristics The Eastern Lower Carniolan subdialect has a pitch accent A pitch-accent language is a type of language that, when spoken, has certain syllables in words or morphemes that are prominent, as indicated by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North White Carniolan Dialect
North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. ''North'' is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography. Etymology The word ''north'' is related to the Old High German ''nord'', both descending from the Proto-Indo-European unit *''ner-'', meaning "left; below" as north is to left when facing the rising sun. Similarly, the other cardinal directions are also related to the sun's position. The Latin word ''borealis'' comes from the Greek ''boreas'' "north wind, north" which, according to Ovid, was personified as the wind-god Boreas, the father of Calais and Zetes. ''Septentrionalis'' is from ''septentriones'', "the seven plow oxen", a name of ''Ursa Major''. The Greek ἀρκτικός (''arktikós'') is named for the same constellation, and is the source of the English word ''Arctic''. Other languages have other derivations. For example, in Lezgian, ''kefer'' can mean bot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South White Carniolan Dialect
The South White Carniolan dialect ( , , ) is a Slovene dialect heavily influenced by Shtokavian dialects. It is spoken in southern White Carniola, south of Dobliče and Griblje. However, it is not spoken in all the settlements in that area because some are almost completely inhabited by immigrants, and so Shtokavian heavily influenced by Slovene is instead spoken there. The dialect borders the North White Carniolan dialect to the north, the Prigorje dialect to the east, Central Chakavian to southeast, the Eastern Goran dialect to the south, the Kostel dialect to the southwest, and the mixed Kočevje subdialects to the northwest, as well as those mixed Shtokavian dialects. The dialect belongs to the Lower Carniolan dialect group, and it evolved from the Lower Carniolan dialect base. Geographical distribution The border between the South and North White Carniolan dialects is rather clear; it was already defined by Tine Logar. It follows the line from Jelševnik to Krasi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kostel Dialect
The Kostel dialect ( ,Smole, Vera. 1998. "Slovenska narečja." ''Enciklopedija Slovenije'' vol. 12, pp. 1–5. Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga, p. 2. ,Logar, Tine. 1996. ''Dialektološke in jezikovnozgodovinske razprave''. Ljubljana: SAZU, p. 203. ;Horvat, Sonja. 1994. "Nekaj naglasnih in fonoloških značilnosti slovenskega kostelskega govora." ''Slavistična revija'' 42: 305–312, p. 305. ), in Croatian literature also eastern microdialects of Western Goran subdialect (, , , ), is a dialect spoken along the Kupa Valley in Slovenia and Croatia, around Banja Loka and Brod na Kupi.Toporišič, Jože. 1992. ''Enciklopedija slovenskega jezika''. Ljubljana: Cankarjeva založba, p. 88. The dialect originates from Alpine Slavic, a predecessor of modern Slovene, but speakers living in Croatia self-identify as speaking Croatian. The dialect borders the Mixed Kočevje subdialects to the north, the Southern White Carniolan and Eastern Goran dialect to the east, the Čabranka dialect to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slovene Dialects
In a purely dialectological sense, Slovene dialects ( , ) are the regionally diverse varieties that evolved from old Slovene, a South Slavic language of which the standardized modern version is Standard Slovene. This also includes several dialects in Croatia, most notably the so-called Western Goran dialect, which is actually Kostel dialect. In reality, speakers in Croatia self-identify themselves as speaking Croatian, which is a result of a ten centuries old country border passing through the dialects since the Francia. In addition, two dialects situated in Slovene (and the speakers self identify as speaking Slovene) did not evolve from Slovene (left out in the map on the right). The Čičarija dialect is a Chakavian dialect and parts of White Carniola were populated by Serbs during the Turkish invasion and therefore Shtokavian is spoken there. Spoken Slovene is often considered to have at least 48 dialects () and 13 subdialects (). The exact number of dialects is ope ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
