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Loonie
The loonie (), formally the Canadian one-dollar coin, is a gold-coloured Canadian coin that was introduced in 1987 and is produced by the Royal Canadian Mint at its facility in Winnipeg. The most prevalent versions of the coin show a common loon, a bird found throughout Canada, on the reverse and Queen Elizabeth II, the nation's head of state at the time of the coin's issue, on the obverse. Various commemorative and specimen-set editions of the coin with special designs replacing the loon on the reverse have been minted over the years. Beginning in December 2023, a new version featuring King Charles III entered circulation, to replace the version featuring Elizabeth II. The coin's outline is an 11-sided Reuleaux polygon. Its diameter of and its 11-sidedness match that of the already-circulating Susan B. Anthony dollar in the United States, and its thickness of is a close match to the latter's . Its gold colour differs from the silver-coloured Anthony dollar; however, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canadian Dollar
The Canadian dollar (currency symbol, symbol: $; ISO 4217, code: CAD; ) is the currency of Canada. It is abbreviated with the dollar sign $. There is no standard disambiguating form, but the abbreviations Can$, CA$ and C$ are frequently used for distinction from other dollar-denominated currencies (though C$ remains ambiguous with the Nicaraguan córdoba). It is divided into 100 cent (currency), cents (¢). Owing to the image of a common loon on its reverse, the dollar coin, and sometimes the unit of currency itself, may be metonymy, referred to as the ''loonie'' by English-speaking Canadians and foreign exchange traders and analysts. Accounting for approximately two per cent of all global reserves, the Canadian dollar is the fifth-most held reserve currency in the world, behind the United States dollar, US dollar, euro, Japanese yen, yen, and pound sterling, sterling. The Canadian dollar is popular with central banks because of Canada's relative economic soundness, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canadian Coin
The coins of Canada are produced by the Royal Canadian Mint and denominated in Canadian dollars ($) and the subunit of dollars, cent (currency), cents (¢). An effigy of the reigning monarch always appears on the obverse of all coins. There are standard images which appear on the reverse, but there are also commemorative and Royal Canadian Mint numismatic coins (20th century), numismatic issues with different images on the reverse. Circulation denominations There are six denominations of Canadian circulation coinage in production: 5¢, 10¢, 25¢, 50¢, $1, and $2. Officially they are each named according to their value (e.g. "10-cent piece"), but in practice only the 50-cent piece (Canadian coin), 50-cent piece is known by that name. The three smallest coins are known by the traditional names "nickel" (5¢), "dime" (10¢), and "quarter" (25¢), and the one-dollar and two-dollar coins are called the "loonie" (a hypocorism of the loon depiction on the Obverse and reverse, reverse) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toonie
The toonie (also spelled twonie or twoonie), formally the Canadian two-dollar coin (, nicknamed or ), was introduced on February 19, 1996, by Minister of Public Works Diane Marleau. it possesses the highest monetary value of any circulating Canadian coin. The toonie is a bi-metallic coin which on the reverse side features an image of a polar bear by artist Brent Townsend. The obverse, since 2023, bears a portrait of King Charles III. It has the words "Charles III / "; . The coin is manufactured using a patented distinctive bi-metallic coin-locking mechanism. The coins are estimated to last 20 years. The discontinued two-dollar bill was less expensive to manufacture but lasted only one year on average. On April 10, 2012, the Royal Canadian Mint (RCM) announced design changes to the loonie and toonie, which include new security features. Coins minted prior to 2012 consist of an aluminum bronze inner core with a pure nickel outer ring; but in March–May 2012, the compo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Canadian Mint
The Royal Canadian Mint () is the mint of Canada and a Crown corporation, operating under an act of parliament referred to as the ''Royal Canadian Mint Act''. The shares of the mint are held in trust for the Crown in right of Canada. The mint produces all of Canada's circulation coins, and manufactures circulation coins on behalf of other nations. The mint also designs and manufactures precious and base metal collector coins; gold, silver, palladium, and platinum bullion coins; medals, as well as medallions and tokens. It further offers gold and silver refinery and assay services. The mint serves the public's interest but is also mandated to operate "in anticipation of profit" (i.e., to function in a commercial manner without relying on taxpayer support to fund its operations). Like private-sector companies, the mint has a board of directors consisting of a chair, the president and CEO of the mint, and eight other directors. History For the first fifty years of Canadi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hendecagon
In geometry, a hendecagon (also undecagon or endecagon) or 11-gon is an eleven-sided polygon. (The name ''hendecagon'', from Greek ''hendeka'' "eleven" and ''–gon'' "corner", is often preferred to the hybrid ''undecagon'', whose first part is formed from Latin ''undecim'' "eleven".) Regular hendecagon A '' regular hendecagon'' is represented by Schläfli symbol . A regular hendecagon has internal angles of 147. degrees (=147 \tfrac degrees). The area of a regular hendecagon with side length ''a'' is given by. :A = \fraca^2 \cot \frac \simeq 9.36564\,a^2. As 11 is not a Fermat prime, the regular hendecagon is not constructible with compass and straightedge. Because 11 is not a Pierpont prime, construction of a regular hendecagon is still impossible even with the usage of an angle trisector. Close approximations to the regular hendecagon can be constructed. For instance, the ancient Greek mathematicians approximated the side length of a hendecagon inscribed in a unit circl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Loon
The common loon or great northern diver (''Gavia immer'') is a large member of the loon, or diver, family (biology), family of birds. Reproduction, Breeding adults have a plumage that includes a broad black head and neck with a greenish, purplish, or bluish sheen, blackish or blackish-grey upperparts, and pure white Anatomical terms of location, underparts except some black on the undertail coverts and vent. Non-breeding adults are brownish with a dark neck and head marked with dark grey-brown. Their upperparts are dark brownish-grey with an unclear pattern of squares on the shoulders, and the underparts, lower face, chin, and throat are whitish. The sexes look alike, though males are significantly heavier than females. During the breeding season, loons live on lakes and other waterways in Canada, the northern United States (including Alaska), and southern parts of Greenland and Iceland. Small numbers breed on Svalbard and sporadically elsewhere in Arctic Eurasia. Common loons wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hendecagon
In geometry, a hendecagon (also undecagon or endecagon) or 11-gon is an eleven-sided polygon. (The name ''hendecagon'', from Greek ''hendeka'' "eleven" and ''–gon'' "corner", is often preferred to the hybrid ''undecagon'', whose first part is formed from Latin ''undecim'' "eleven".) Regular hendecagon A '' regular hendecagon'' is represented by Schläfli symbol . A regular hendecagon has internal angles of 147. degrees (=147 \tfrac degrees). The area of a regular hendecagon with side length ''a'' is given by. :A = \fraca^2 \cot \frac \simeq 9.36564\,a^2. As 11 is not a Fermat prime, the regular hendecagon is not constructible with compass and straightedge. Because 11 is not a Pierpont prime, construction of a regular hendecagon is still impossible even with the usage of an angle trisector. Close approximations to the regular hendecagon can be constructed. For instance, the ancient Greek mathematicians approximated the side length of a hendecagon inscribed in a unit circl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reuleaux Polygon
In geometry, a Reuleaux polygon is a curve of constant width made up of circular arcs of constant radius. These shapes are named after their prototypical example, the Reuleaux triangle, which in turn is named after 19th-century German engineer Franz Reuleaux. The Reuleaux triangle can be constructed from an equilateral triangle by connecting each pair of adjacent vertices with a circular arc centered on the opposing vertex, and Reuleaux polygons can be formed by a similar construction from any regular polygon with an odd number of sides as well as certain irregular polygons. Every curve of constant width can be accurately approximated by Reuleaux polygons. They have been applied in coinage shapes. Construction If P is a convex polygon with an odd number of sides, in which each vertex is equidistant to the two opposite vertices and closer to all other vertices, then replacing each side of P by an arc centered at its opposite vertex produces a Reuleaux polygon. As a special case ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert-Ralph Carmichael
Robert-Ralph Carmichael (1937 – July 16, 2016) was a Canadian artist who designed the image of the common loon on the reverse side of the Canadian one-dollar coin. The coin takes its name, ''loonie'' (''huard'' in French), from the image of the bird on the reverse. The artwork depicts a loon swimming in a lake, with coniferous trees visible on a point of land on the horizon. Carmichael's initials, RRC, are visible directly under the loon's beak, between the ripples on the surface of the water. Robert-Ralph lived near the northern town of Echo Bay, Ontario in the scenic Sylvan Valley. Since 1992, the town has honoured Carmichael with a monument in the shape of the coin located along the highway. The monument is called the "Big Loonie" in reference to nearby Sudbury's " Big Nickel" monument. Carmichael's artwork is part of a number of collections, including that of the Government of Ontario in Queen's Park, Toronto, the Canada Council Art Bank in Ottawa, and the Art Gallery ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metonym
Metonymy () is a figure of speech in which a concept is referred to by the name of something associated with that thing or concept. For example, the word "wikt:suit, suit" may refer to a person from groups commonly wearing business attire, such as salespeople or attorneys. Etymology The words ''metonymy'' and ''metonym'' come ; , a suffix that names figures of speech, . Background Metonymy and related figures of speech are common in everyday speech and writing. Synecdoche and metalepsis are considered specific types of metonymy. Polysemy, the capacity for a word or phrase to have multiple meanings, sometimes results from relations of metonymy. Both metonymy and metaphor involve the substitution of one term for another. In metaphor, this substitution is based on some specific analogy between two things, whereas in metonymy the substitution is based on some understood association or Contiguity (psychology), contiguity. American literary theorist Kenneth Burke considers metonymy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Curve Of Constant Width
In geometry, a curve of constant width is a simple closed curve in the plane (geometry), plane whose width (the distance between parallel supporting lines) is the same in all directions. The shape bounded by a curve of constant width is a body of constant width or an orbiform, the name given to these shapes by Leonhard Euler. Standard examples are the circle and the Reuleaux triangle. These curves can also be constructed using circular arcs centered at crossings of an arrangement of lines, as the involutes of certain curves, or by intersecting circles centered on a partial curve. Every body of constant width is a convex set, its boundary crossed at most twice by any line, and if the line crosses perpendicularly it does so at both crossings, separated by the width. By Barbier's theorem, the body's perimeter is exactly pi, times its width, but its area depends on its shape, with the Reuleaux triangle having the smallest possible area for its width and the circle the largest. Every ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
