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List Of Troglobites
A troglobite (or, formally, troglobiont) is an animal species, or population of a species, strictly bound to underground habitats, such as caves. These are separate from species that mainly live in above-ground habitats but are also able to live underground (eutroglophiles), and species that are only cave visitors (subtroglophiles and trogloxenes). Land-dwelling troglobites may be referred to as troglofauna, while aquatic species may be called stygofauna, although for these animals the term ''stygobite'' is preferable. Troglobites typically have evolutionary adaptations to cave life. Examples of such adaptations include slow metabolism, reduced energy consumption, better food usage efficiency, decrease or loss of eyesight (anophthalmia), and depigmentation (absence of pigment in the integument). Conversely, as opposed to lost or reduced functions, many species have evolved elongated antenna and locomotory appendages, in order to better move around and respond to environmental st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species
A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology (biology), morphology, behaviour, or ecological niche. In addition, palaeontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. About 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a binomial nomenclature, two-part name, a "binomen". The first part of a binomen is the name of a genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name (zoology), specific name or the specific ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sensory Receptors
Sensory neurons, also known as afferent neurons, are neurons in the nervous system, that convert a specific type of stimulus, via their receptors, into action potentials or graded receptor potentials. This process is called sensory transduction. The cell bodies of the sensory neurons are located in the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord. The sensory information travels on the afferent nerve fibers in a sensory nerve, to the brain via the spinal cord. Spinal nerves transmit external sensations via sensory nerves to the brain through the spinal cord. The stimulus can come from exteroreceptors outside the body, for example those that detect light and sound, or from interoreceptors inside the body, for example those that are responsive to blood pressure or the sense of body position. Types and function Sensory neurons in vertebrates are predominantly pseudounipolar or bipolar, and different types of sensory neurons have different sensory receptors that respond to di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tumbling Creek Cavesnail
The Tumbling Creek cavesnail (''Antrobia culveri'') is a species of freshwater cave snail with gills and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Amnicolidae.Bouchet, P. (2014). Antrobia culveri Hubricht, 1971. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=729787 on 2015-02-19 ''Antrobia culveri'' is the only species in the genus ''Antrobia''.Kabat A. R. & Hershler R. (1993). "The prosobranch snail family Hydrobiidae (Gastropoda: Rissooidea): review of classification and supraspecific taxa". '' Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology'' 547: 1-94PDF This is an endangered species. The common name refers to Tumbling Creek Cave, a National Natural Landmark, in Taney County, Missouri, US Taxonomy The Tumbling Creek cavesnail was described as a new species by Leslie Hubricht in 1971, from specimens taken by David Culver, Thomas Aley, and Hubricht in 1969 and 1970. ''Antrobia culveri'' is the type species ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angustopila Psammion
''Angustopila psammion'' is a species of land snail belonging to the subfamily Hypselostomatinae of the family Gastrocoptidae. It was described in 2022.MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Angustopila psammion. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1556455 on 2022-02-05 This species was discovered by scientists scrutinising a small pothole-like cave located in northern Vietnam, according to the original description published in ''Contributions to Zoology''. According to ''National Geographic ''National Geographic'' (formerly ''The National Geographic Magazine'', sometimes branded as ''Nat Geo'') is an American monthly magazine published by National Geographic Partners. The magazine was founded in 1888 as a scholarly journal, nine ...'', this is the smallest species of land snail ever found. This species' shell measures 0.6 millimeters in diameter. In comparison to other land snails in its family, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amnicola Cora
''Amnicola cora'' is a species of very small freshwater snail which has an operculum, an aquatic prosobranch gastropod mollusc in the family Amnicolidae. This species is endemic to Arkansas in the United States. Its natural habitat In ecology, habitat refers to the array of resources, biotic factors that are present in an area, such as to support the survival and reproduction of a particular species. A species' habitat can be seen as the physical manifestation of its ... is a single cave in Independence County, Arkansas. It is threatened by habitat alteration. References External links * * cora Gastropods described in 1979 Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Endemic fauna of Arkansas {{Amnicolidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eupera Troglobia
''Eupera troglobia'' is a species of mollusc that lives in caves. The discovery of ''E. troglobia'' makes it the first troglobitic bivalve from the Americas (North America and South America). The holotype collected was named holotype MZSP 155717 and the paratype MZSP 155716. All were discovered in eastern subterranean Brazil at Casa Pedra cave 10°49'28.4''S, 49°37'16.5''W. Records of the species date back to 2006 in the technical report of Brazil's National Center of Cave Exploration and Conservation. Description ''Eupera trolobia'' adults are ~ in length and lack pigmentation in the soft parts and shell. The wall of the shell Shell may refer to: Architecture and design * Shell (structure), a thin structure ** Concrete shell, a thin shell of concrete, usually with no interior columns or exterior buttresses Science Biology * Seashell, a hard outer layer of a marine ani ... is thin, making it fragile. It is translucent with a bit of light yellow or light greenish yellow. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Congeria Mualomerovici
''Congeria'' is a genus of bivalves belonging to the family Dreissenidae. The species of this genus are found in Europe, the Americas. Species: *'' Congeria angustiformis'' *'' Congeria aquitanica'' *'' Congeria balatonica'' *'' Congeria banatica'' *'' Congeria birladensis'' *'' Congeria bittneri'' *'' Congeria bosniaskii'' *'' Congeria brandenburgi'' *'' Congeria brkici'' *'' Congeria byzantica'' *'' Congeria ceratodus'' *'' Congeria dubia'' *'' Congeria dubocaensis'' *'' Congeria flexuosa'' *'' Congeria florianii'' *'' Congeria getica'' *'' Congeria ghergutai'' *'' Congeria grsici'' *'' Congeria gundulici'' *'' Congeria hektorovici'' *'' Congeria hemiptycha'' *'' Congeria homoplatoides'' *'' Congeria ignobilis'' *'' Congeria infantula'' *'' Congeria inflata'' *'' Congeria jalzici'' *'' Congeria kusceri'' *'' Congeria latiuscula'' *'' Congeria leucippe'' *'' Congeria maorti'' *'' Congeria markovici'' *'' Congeria mediocarinata'' *'' Congeria mic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Congeria Kusceri
''Congeria kusceri'' is a species of bivalve belonging to the family Dreissenidae. Per IUCN The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. Founded in 1948, IUCN has become the global authority on the status ..., the species has the status "vulnerable". References Dreissenidae Bivalves described in 1962 IUCN Red List vulnerable species {{Bivalve-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Congeria Jalzici
''Congeria'' is a genus of bivalves belonging to the family Dreissenidae. The species of this genus are found in Europe, the Americas. Species: *'' Congeria angustiformis'' *'' Congeria aquitanica'' *'' Congeria balatonica'' *'' Congeria banatica'' *'' Congeria birladensis'' *'' Congeria bittneri'' *'' Congeria bosniaskii'' *'' Congeria brandenburgi'' *'' Congeria brkici'' *'' Congeria byzantica'' *'' Congeria ceratodus'' *'' Congeria dubia'' *'' Congeria dubocaensis'' *'' Congeria flexuosa'' *'' Congeria florianii'' *'' Congeria getica'' *'' Congeria ghergutai'' *'' Congeria grsici'' *'' Congeria gundulici'' *'' Congeria hektorovici'' *'' Congeria hemiptycha'' *'' Congeria homoplatoides'' *'' Congeria ignobilis'' *'' Congeria infantula'' *'' Congeria inflata'' *'' Congeria jalzici'' *''Congeria kusceri'' *'' Congeria latiuscula'' *'' Congeria leucippe'' *'' Congeria maorti'' *'' Congeria markovici'' *'' Congeria mediocarinata'' *'' Congeria mich ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hausera
''Hausera'' is a subterranean genus of planarian from Brazil. It contains only the single species ''Hausera hauseri''. It is the first cave-dwelling member of the suborder Cavernicola to have been observed in South America. Etymology Both the genus and species were named after Josef Hauser, a researcher of freshwater flatworms. Description Specimens are long and wide. The pharynx is long, and along with the gonopore is located in the hindmost third of the body. While it lacks eyes, the head has a pair of ciliated sensory organs approximately 140 μm back from the body's anterior end. The intestine extends into the brain and connects with the reproductive system via a genito-intestinal duct. The testicular follicles are arranged in uneven rows near the margins of the body, and the ovaries are located behind but in proximity to the brain, approximately 0.6 millimeters behind the body's tip. The species is colorless. Range and habitat ''Hausera hauseri'' was found in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypogeal
Hypogeal, hypogean, hypogeic and hypogeous (; ) are biological terms describing an organism's activity below the soil surface. In botany, a seed is described as showing hypogeal germination when the cotyledons of the germinating seed remain non-photosynthetic, inside the seed shell, and below ground.{{cite book, author1=Adrian D. Bell, author2=Alan Bryan, title=Plant Form: An Illustrated Guide to Flowering Plant Morphology, url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SM3khPHXhKEC&pg=PA200, year=2008, publisher=Timber Press, isbn=978-0-88192-850-1, page=200 The converse, where the cotyledons expand, throw off the seed shell and become photosynthetic above the ground, is epigeal germination. In water purification works, the hypogeal (or Schmutzdecke) layer is a biological film just below the surface of slow sand filters. It contains microorganisms that remove bacteria and trap contaminant particles. The terms hypogean and hypogeic are used for fossorial (burrowing) and troglobitic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cave Swallow
The cave swallow (''Petrochelidon fulva'') is a medium-sized, squarish-tailed swallow belonging to the same genus as the more familiar and widespread cliff swallow of North America. The cave swallow, also native to the Americas, nests and roosts primarily in caves and sinkholes. Cave swallows are found in Mexico and the Greater Antilles, with fall and winter vagrants reaching the east and Gulf Coasts of the U.S. Breeding colonies occur in south-eastern New Mexico, Texas, Florida, the Greater Antilles, portions of southern Mexico, and along the west coast of South America. Five subspecies are currently recognized according to '' Birds of North America'', three occurring in North America and two in South America.West, S. (1995). Cave Swallow (Hirundo fulva). In The Birds of North America, No. 141 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. Description The cave swallow measures 12 to 14 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
