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List Of Pre-Islamic Arabian Deities
Deities formed a part of the polytheistic religious beliefs in pre-Islamic Arabia, with many of the deities' names known. Up until about the time between the fourth century AD and the emergence of Islam, polytheism was the dominant form of religion in Arabia. Deities represented the forces of nature, love, death, and so on, and were interacted with by a variety of rituals. Formal pantheons are more noticeable at the level of kingdoms, of variable sizes, ranging from simple city-states to collections of tribes.Robin, Christian Julien, "South Arabia, Religions in Pre-Islamic", in The Kaaba alone was said to have contained 360 idols of many deities. Tribes, towns, clans, lineages and families had their own cults too. Christian Julien Robin suggests that this structure of the divine world reflected the society of the time. Many deities did not have proper names and were referred to by titles indicating a quality, a family relationship, or a locale preceded by "he who" or "she wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panel Almaqah Louvre DAO18
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Isaf And Na'ila
Isāf () and Nā'ila () were two deities worshipped as a god and a goddess in pre-Islamic Arabia. They were primarily worshipped by the Quraysh. Attestations Some Muslim scholars, including al-Azraqi, claimed that 'Amr ibn Luhayy, the patriarch of the Arab tribe Banu Khuza'a, who introduced idolatry in Mecca, was responsible for the worship of Isāf and Nā'ila. He had called on people to worship them and justified that their ancestors had already done so. The Qurayshi Qusaiy ibn Kilāb had then taken the two stones to the well of Zamzam near the Kaaba. Isāf and Nā'ila were said to be particularly important to the Quraysh tribe, associated with Qurayshi sacrifices involving a ''talbiya'' specifically directed to Isāf. Various legends existed about the idols, including one that they were petrified after they committed adultery in the Kaaba. Ibn al-Kalbi handed down the legend in his Book of Idols as follows: They set out to perform the pilgrimage. Upon their arrival i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sabaeans
Sheba, or Saba, was an ancient South Arabian kingdom that existed in Yemen from to . Its inhabitants were the Sabaeans, who, as a people, were indissociable from the kingdom itself for much of the 1st millennium BCE. Modern historians agree that the heartland of the Sabaean civilization was located in the region around Marib and Sirwah. In some periods, they expanded to much of modern Yemen and even parts of the Horn of Africa, particularly Eritrea and Ethiopia. The kingdom's native language was Sabaic, which was a variety of Old South Arabian. Stuart Munro-Hay, ''Aksum: An African Civilization of Late Antiquity'', 1991. Among South Arabians and Abyssinians, Sheba's name carried prestige, as it was widely considered to be the birthplace of South Arabian civilization as a whole. The first Sabaean kingdom lasted from the 8th century BCE to the 1st century BCE: this kingdom can be divided into the " mukarrib" period, where it reigned supreme over all of South Arabia; and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Uzza
Al-ʻUzzá or al-ʻUzzā (, , ) was one of the three chief goddesses of Arabian religion in pre-Islamic times and she was worshipped by the pre-Islamic Arabs along with Al-Lat and Manāt. A stone cube at Nakhla (near Mecca) was held sacred as part of her cult. She is mentioned in Qur'an 53:19 as being one of the goddesses whom people worshiped. Al-ʻUzzā, like Hubal, was called upon for protection by the pre-Islamic Quraysh. "In 624 at the ' battle called Uhud', the war cry of the Qurayshites was, "O people of Uzzā, people of Hubal!". Al-‘Uzzá also later appears in Ibn Ishaq's account of the alleged Satanic Verses. The temple dedicated to al-ʻUzzā and the statue was destroyed by Khalid ibn al Walid in Nakhla in 630 AD. See also * List of pre-Islamic Arabian deities Deities formed a part of the polytheistic religious beliefs in pre-Islamic Arabia, with many of the deities' names known. Up until about the time between the fourth century AD and the emergence o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theandrios
In Greek religion and mythology, Theandrios (, "God-Man") or Theandrates (Θεανδράτης) is a deity that was worshipped in towns and villages around Mount Hermon by North Arabian tribes of pre-Islamic Arabia. Theandrios is evidenced by a dedication to a male god found at Beit Rime, Syria and it is supposed that the Greek name was imposed on a previous god of the region. He has been considered the Arabian version of similar "God-man" deities such as Dionysus, Heracles, Mithras, Krishna and Jesus. See also * Temples of Mount Hermon * '' Theanthropos'', a Christian title for Jesus pertaining to the hypostatic union Hypostatic union (from the Greek: ''hypóstasis'', 'person, subsistence') is a technical term in Christian theology employed in mainstream Christology to describe the union of Christ's humanity and divinity in one hypostasis, or individual perso .... References {{DEFAULTSORT:Theandrios Arabian gods Greek gods Greek mythology Mount Hermon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suwa'
Suwāʿ () or Soveh, if translated to English, is mentioned in the Qur'an (71:23) as a deity of the time of the Prophet Noah. And they say: Forsake not your gods, nor forsake Wadd, nor Suwa', nor Yaghuth and Ya'uq and Nasr. (Qur'an 71:23) Maulana Muhammad Ali of the Ahmadiyya community, adds the following commentary on the passage: The names of the idols given here are those which existed in Arabia in the Prophet's time, and hence some critics call it an anachronism. ..According to IʿAb, the idols of Noah's people were worshipped by the Arabs, Wadd Wadd () (Ancient South Arabian script: 𐩥𐩵) or Ved, if translated to English, was the national god of the Kingdom of Ma'in, inhabited by the Minaean peoples, in modern-day South Arabia. Wadd is mentioned once in the Quran as part of a l ... being worshipped by Kalb, Suwāʿ by Hudhail, Yaghūth by Murād, Yaʿūq by Hamadān and Nasr by Ḥimyar ( B. 65:lxxi, 1). The commentators say that Wadd was worship ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sa'd (deity)
Sa'd () was a god of fortune in pre-Islamic Arabia revered by the Banu Kinanah tribe. Attestations His cult image was a tall stone and was situated in the desert. According to Ibn Ishaq, a man once visited this cult image with his many camels for blessings.''Idols of Pre-Islamic Arabia'', Yasin al-Jibouri Upon reaching the idol, which was blood-stained by the animal offerings of the time, the camels ran away. Angered, the man threw a stone at the idol, hoping that Allah will not bless the idol, and set out to find them. After all camels are gathered, he declared: We came to Sa`d so he may unite us together, But Sa`d disunited us, so we have nothing to do with Sa`d. Is Sa`d anything but a stone in a plain of land That calls for neither misguidance nor guidance? The fifth Shia Imam, Muhammad al-Baqir narrated to his companion, Abdul Raheem al-Qaseer, that following the death of Muhammad, the people of Arabia reverted to old habits, leaving the "Helpers" (supporters of Islam) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruldaiu
Ruḍāʾ is a deity that was of paramount importance in the Arab pantheon of gods worshipped by the North Arabian tribes of pre-Islamic Arabia.Lipinski, 2000, pp. 618-619. He is first mentioned in the annals of Esarhaddon in the early 7th century BCE. He served as a protective deity. According to modern scholarly interpretations, Ruda was a moon deity. Etymology The etymology of his name gives the meaning "well disposed" an indication of his function as a protective deity. Attestations Pre-Islamic era The oldest reference to Ruda is found in the annals of Esarhaddon who ruled over the Neo-Assyrian Empire from 681 to 669 BC. The name is transliterated into Latin script from the original Akkadian as ''Ru-ul-da-a-a-ú'' and he is mentioned among the gods of the Arabs. Known as Arsu among the Palmyrenes, in a later Palmyrene Aramaic inscription, Arsu/Ruda is paired with the Syrian god Resheph, a protective deity for his worshippers from the 3rd millennium BC. An anc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quzah
Quzaḥ () is a pre-Islamic Arab god of weather, worshiped by the people of Muzdalifah. The pre-Islamic rite of the Ifada celebrated after the September equinox was performed facing the direction of Quzah's sanctuary. A lasting reference to Quzah is the term ''qaws Quzaḥ'' (), "Bow of Quzah", which became the Arabic term for rainbow A rainbow is an optical phenomenon caused by refraction, internal reflection and dispersion of light in water droplets resulting in a continuous spectrum of light appearing in the sky. The rainbow takes the form of a multicoloured circular ....J. Bartlett, ''Edom and the Edomites'', p. 201. References {{Reflist Arabian gods Sky and weather gods Rainbow deities ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Qaum
Al-Qaum () was the Nabataean god of war and the night, and guardian of caravans. He was also known as the “Protector of the Clan.” Large numbers of inscriptions bearing his name have been found, and archaeologists believe that he was a major god of the Nabataean pantheon. In order to fit in with western civilization, Al-Qaum was later associated with the Greek/Roman god Ares or Mars. As a night god, he protected the souls of the sleepers in the form of stars, accompanying them on their nightly journey through the heavenly realms, as well as guiding caravans in the desert by means of the stars. In popular culture A black metal band in Saudi Arabia, Al-Namrood, uses this pantheon as inspiration for its music. Al-Qaum is the name of one of the Exodan fleet spaceships in the 2018 novel Record of a Spaceborn Few by Becky Chambers. References Arabian gods War gods Night gods Nabataea {{MEast-myth-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nuha (deity)
Nuha is a deity that was worshipped among the Northern Arabian tribes in pre-Islamic Arabia. Associated with the sun, she formed part of a trinity of gods, along with Ruda and Atarsamain. In Southern Arabia, Shams was her equivalent. Meaning Nuha, from the triconsonantal Semitic root N-H-Y, may mean "the ultimate".Retsö, 2003, p. 602. An early Akkadian inscription from the annals of the kings of Assyria mention Nuha with the epithet "the elevated sun". While this reference can be read literally to mean that Nuha was associated with the sun, it can also be read metaphorically as a reference to special kind of wisdom. Worship Dierk Lange writes that Nuha formed part of a trinity of gods worshipped by what he calls the Yumu'il confederation, which he describes as a northern Arab tribal confederation of Ishmaelite ancestry headed by the "clan of Kedar" (Qedarites).Lange, 2004, pp. 268-269. According to Lange, Nuha was the sun deity, Ruda the moon deity, and Atarsamain th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
