|
List Of Monarchs Of Java
This is a partial list of the identified hereditary rulers on the Indonesian island Java, and the adjacent island Madura. Included are some states and rulers whose existence remain open to conjecture, due to inadequate historical evidence, while others are historically verifiable. Some rulers are also considered to be ''mythical'' in that although evidence is available to claim their places in various royal family trees, there are no independent items of corroborating evidence to clarify their existence. Some of these have continued as titular entities after the achievement of Indonesian independence in 1945. Ruler of Jawadwipa * Dewawarman (fl. 132) Rulers of Tarumanagara * Pinabahu (4th–5th centuries) * Purnawarman (early 5th century) randson?* Po Tuo Jia (fl. 424) * Dwarawarman (?) (fl. 435) Rulers of Sunda * Jayabhupati (fl. 1030) * Prabu Maharaja Wangsa (?–1357) * Hyang Bunisora (regent 1357–?) * Prabu Niskalawastu Kancana on of Prabu Maharaja Wangsa* Rah ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea, Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state and the List of countries and dependencies by area, 14th-largest country by area, at . With over 280 million people, Indonesia is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fourth-most-populous country and the most populous Islam by country, Muslim-majority country. Java, the world's List of islands by population, most populous island, is home to more than half of the country's population. Indonesia operates as a Presidential system, presidential republic with an elected People's Consultative Assembly, legislature and consists of Provinces of Indonesia, 38 provinces, nine of which have Autonomous administrative divisi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wawa Of Mataram
Sri Maharaja Rakai Pangkaja Dyah Wawa Sri Wijayalokanamottungga, better known in Indonesia as Dyah Wawa, was a ruler of the Mataram Kingdom in Central Java, Indonesia (r. 924–929). What is known of him is mainly thanks to an inscription engraved on the Minto Stone. Wawa's son-in-law and successor, Mpu Sindok (r. 929–947), moved the court of Mataram from Central Java to East Java in 929. The latter could have buried the former at Belahan Temple near Pasuruan in East Java. References * * *{{cite news , url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2008/01/24/ancient-relic-return-scotland.html , title=Ancient relic to return from Scotland , newspaper=The Jakarta Post , date= 25 January 2008 , accessdate=2011-02-28 Further reading * Coedès, Georges, ''Les États hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie'' * Damais, Louis-Charles, "Études d'épigraphie indonésienne", ''Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient'', 1951, Vol. 45, No. 45-1, pp. 1–63Jordaan, Roy E. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sumatra
Sumatra () is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the list of islands by area, sixth-largest island in the world at 482,286.55 km2 (182,812 mi.2), including adjacent islands such as the Simeulue Island, Simeulue, Nias Island, Nias, Mentawai Islands, Mentawai, Enggano Island, Enggano, Riau Islands, Bangka Belitung and Krakatoa archipelago. Sumatra is an elongated landmass spanning a diagonal northwest–southeast axis. The Indian Ocean borders the northwest, west, and southwest coasts of Sumatra, with the island chain of Simeulue, Nias, Mentawai Islands, Mentawai, and Enggano off the western coast. In the northeast, the narrow Strait of Malacca separates the island from the Malay Peninsula, which is an extension of the Eurasian continent. In the southeast, the narrow Sunda Strait, containing the Krakatoa archipelago, separates Sumatra from Java. The northern tip of Sumatra is near ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sriwijaya
Srivijaya (), also spelled Sri Vijaya, was a Hindu-Buddhist thalassocratic empire based on the island of Sumatra (in modern-day Indonesia) that influenced much of Southeast Asia. Srivijaya was an important centre for the expansion of Buddhism from the 7th to 11th century AD. Srivijaya was the first polity to dominate much of western Maritime Southeast Asia. Due to its location, Srivijaya developed complex technology utilizing maritime resources. In addition, its economy became progressively reliant on the booming trade in the region, thus transforming it into a prestige goods-based economy. The earliest reference to it dates from the 7th century. A Tang dynasty Chinese monk, Yijing, wrote that he visited Srivijaya in 671 for six months. The earliest known inscription in which the name Srivijaya appears also dates from the 7th century in the Kedukan Bukit inscription found near Palembang, Sumatra, dated 16 June 682. Between the late 7th and early 11th century, Srivijaya r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balaputra
Balaputradewa was the maharaja of Srivijaya in the 9th century CE as well as the former head of the Sailendra dynasty. He was the youngest son of the preceding Sailendran maharaja, Samaratunga, through marriage with Dewi Tara who was in turn the daughter of another maharaja, Dharmasetu of Srivijaya." De Casparis proposed that in 856 Balaputra was defeated by Pikatan, whereupon Balaputra retreated to Srivijaya, the country of his mother, to become the first Sailandra ruler of Srivijaya. Thus in the late 9th century Srivijaya was ruled by a Buddhist Sailendra ruler, while Java was ruled by Pikatan and his successors, who patronized Siva" (cf. De Casparis, 1956; Hall, 1985:111). Early life Samaratunga died when Balaputra was a boy. As a young heir to the throne, his authority in Central Java was frequently challenged by local landlords. An extended family member by the name of Garung forced Balaputra to accept his tutorship. Garung was part of the Sanjaya dynasty and was related to B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samaratungga
Samaratungga was the head of the Sailendra dynasty which ruled the Mataram Kingdom and Srivijaya in the 8th and 9th centuries. He was the successor of King Indra, and his name was mentioned in the Karangtengah inscription dated 824 CE as the constructor of a sacred Buddhist building called ''Venuvana'' (Sanskrit: bamboo forest) to place the cremated ashes of his predecessor King Indra of Sailendra. During his administration, he initiated the construction of a massive Buddhist monument Borobudur. Samaratungga married Dewi Tara, the princess of Srivijayan ruler Dharmasetu, which created a close political alliance between the Sailendras and Srivijaya. Samaratungga had one son by the name of Balaputra and one daughter Pramodhawardhani. After Samaratungga died, Pramodhawardhani married the Shivaite Rakai Pikatan from the Sanjaya dynasty. Rakai Pikatan managed to usurp Balaputra's authority over Central Java and forced the Saleidras to flee Java for Srivijaya. Under the reign o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dharanindra
Dharanindra, also known Indra and Śrī Saṅgrāmadhanañjaya, was the ruler of the Sailendra dynasty who was the King of Mataram in Central Java and possibly also of Srivijaya in South Sumatera. He has been described as a great conqueror and is credited for the Sailendras' overseas campaign. He was mentioned in Kelurak inscription (dated 782) in his formal reign name Sri Sanggramadhananjaya. This inscription was issued during the reign of King Panangkaran, so it is possible that Sanggramadhananjaya and Panangkaran were the same person. In this inscription he was hailed as ''Wairiwarawiramardana'' or "the slayer of courageous enemies". The similar title also found in Ligor B inscription discovered in Southern Thailand Malay Peninsula; ''Sarwwarimadawimathana'', which suggest it referred to the same person. Saṅgrāmadhanañjaya seems to be a warlike character, as he is believed to have embarked on military naval expedition overseas and brought Sailendra control to Ligor in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shailendra Dynasty
The Shailendra dynasty (, derived from Sanskrit combined words ''Śaila'' and ''Indra'', meaning "King of the Mountain", also spelled Sailendra, Syailendra or Selendra) was the name of a notable Indianised dynasty that emerged in 8th-century Java, whose reign signified a cultural renaissance in the region. The Shailendras were active promoters of Mahayana Buddhism and covered the Kedu Plain of Central Java with Buddhist monuments, one of which is the colossal stupa of Borobudur, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Shailendras are considered to have been a thalassocracy and ruled vast swathes of maritime Southeast Asia; however, they also relied on agricultural pursuits, by way of intensive rice cultivation on the Kedu Plain of Central Java. The dynasty appeared to be the ruling family of the Mataram Kingdom of Central Java, and for some period, the Srivijaya Kingdom in Sumatra. The inscriptions created by Shailendras use three languages; Old Javanese, Old Malay, and San ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kediri (historical Kingdom)
Kediri Kingdom or Kadiri, also known as Panjalu, was a Hindu-Buddhist Javanese kingdom based in East Java from 1042 until 1222 (1292–1293 under Jayakatwang). This kingdom is centered in the ancient city ''Dahanapura'', despite the lack of archaeological remains, the age of Kediri saw much development in classical literature. Mpu Sedah's '' Kakawin Bharatayuddha'', Mpu Panuluh's ''Gatotkacasraya'', and Mpu Dharmaja's '' Smaradhana'' blossomed in this era. The kingdom's capital is believed to have been established in the western part of the Brantas River valley, somewhere near modern Kediri city and surrounding Kediri Regency. Etymology and names The city of Daha existed before the founding of the kingdom. Daha is an abbreviation of ''Dahanapura'', which means ''city of fire''. This name is listed in the Pamwatan inscription issued by Airlangga in 1042. This is following the news in '' Serat Calon Arang'', that at the end of Airlangga's reign, the center of the kingdom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Janggala
The Kingdom of Janggala is one of the two Javanese kingdoms that was formed when Airlangga abdicated his throne in favour of his two sons in 1045. The other Kingdom was Kediri. The Kingdom of Janggala comprised the northeastern part of the Kingdom of Kahuripan. Etymology The name Janggala was probably originated from the name "Hujung Galuh" (Old Javanese lit: "Cape Diamond" or "Cape Gemstone"), or "Jung-ya-lu", according to Chinese source. Hujung Galuh located on the estuarine of Brantas river and today is the part of modern Surabaya city. This city served as an important port since the era of Kahuripan, Janggala, until the era of Kediri, Singhasari, and Majapahit. During Singhasari and Majapahit period the name of the port is changed back to Hujung Galuh. The name Janggala has accidental similarity with and . Overview Not much is known about the Kingdom of Janggala because the Kingdom of Kediri was the more dominant of the two. Janggala and Kediri were again united wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Airlangga
Airlangga (also spelled Erlangga), regnal name Rakai Halu Sri Lokeswara Dharmawangsa Airlangga Anantawikramottunggadewa (born 1002 in Bali, Indonesia – died 1049 in Java), was the only king of the Kingdom of Kahuripan. The Kingdom was built from the territory of the Kingdom of Mataram after Mataram was sacked by King Wurawari of Lwaram. He gradually gained support, won back the kingdom once ruled by his uncle, and went on to become one of Java's most notable kings. ''Airlangga'' means "jumping water", thus his name means "he who crossed the water", described his life story; born in the court of Bali and during his youth crossed the Bali Strait to stay in Java and later ruled the kingdom in East Java. He belongs to both Ishana and Warmadewa lineages. Early life Airlangga was born from a dynastic marriage between Ishana of Java and Warmadewa of Bali. His mother, queen Mahendradatta, was a princess of the Ishana dynasty, the sister of King Dharmawangsa of Mataram, wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dharmawangsa
Dharmawangsa, stylized regnal name Sri Maharaja Isyana Dharmawangsa Teguh Anantawikramottunggadewa (died 1016) of the Isyana dynasty, was the last Hindu raja of the Kingdom of Mataram, who reigned from 990 to 1016 CE. He is also known by his posthumous name Wijayamreta Wardhana, which means "powerful in glorious death", which refers to his fight to the death. Reign He succeeded Sri Makutawangsa Wardhana. Dharmawangsa was the patron of the translator of the Mahabharata text into Old Javanese. Dharmawangsa was either the son or son-in-law of Sri Makutawangsawardhana, preceding King of Mataram and grandson of Mpu Sindok. Dharmawangsa conquered several areas, including Bali, and established a colony in West Kalimantan. Dharmawangsa's sister, Princess Mahendradatta, married Udayana, Raja of the Warmadewa Dynasty in Bali, and had a son, Airlangga. In the year 990, Dharmawangsa launched a naval invasion on Sriwijaya in Sumatra and unsuccessfully attempted to capture Palembang, as S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
