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List Of Largest Birds
The largest extant species of bird measured by mass is the common ostrich (''Struthio camelus''), closely followed by the Somali ostrich (''Struthio molybdophanes''). A male ostrich can reach a height of and weigh over , A mass of has been cited for the ostrich but no wild ostriches of this weight have been verified.Avian Medicine: Principles and Application . avianmedicine.net s are the largest of any bird, averaging . The largest wingspan of any extant bird is that of the (''Diomedea exulans'') of the Sub-Antarctic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Struthio Camelus - Etosha 2014 (3)
Ostriches are large flightless Bird, birds. Two living species are recognised, the common ostrich, native to large parts of sub-Saharan Africa, and the Somali ostrich, native to the Horn of Africa. They are the heaviest and largest living birds, with adult common ostriches weighing anywhere between 63.5 and 145 kilograms and laying the largest Egg, eggs of any living land animal.Del Hoyo, Josep, et al. Handbook of the birds of the world. Vol. 1. No. 8. Barcelona: Lynx edicions, 1992. With the ability to run at 70 km/h (43.5 mph), they are the fastest birds on land. They are farmed worldwide, with significant industries Ostrich farming in the Philippines, in the Philippines and Ostrich farming in Namibia, in Namibia. South Africa produces about 70% of global ostrich products, with the industry largely centered around the town of Oudtshoorn. Ostrich leather is a lucrative commodity, and the large feathers are used as Plume (feather), plumes for the decoration of ceremon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Struthioniformes
Struthioniformes is an order of birds with only a single extant family, Struthionidae, containing the ostriches. Several other extinct families are known, spanning across the Northern Hemisphere, from the Early Eocene to the early Pliocene, including a variety of flightless forms like the Paleotidae, Geranoididae, Eogruidae and Ergilornithidae, the latter two thought to be closely related to Struthionidae. Evolutionary history According to Mayr and Zelenkov (2021), all Struthioniformes are united by the following characters: "a very long and narrow tarsometatarsus with short trochleae for the second and fourth toes, a tubercle next to the pons supratendineus on the distal end of the tibiotarsus, as well as a shortening of all non-ungual phalanges of the fourth toe except for the proximal one" All known members of the group are thought to have been flightless. Struthioniformes were widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere during the Eocene, including Paleotididae fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gastornis Giganteus
''Gastornis'' is an extinct genus of large, flightless birds that lived during the mid-Paleocene to mid-Eocene epochs of the Paleogene period. Most fossils have been found in Europe, and some species typically referred to the genus are known from North America and Asia. Several genera, including the well-studied genus ''Diatryma'', have historically been considered junior synonyms of ''Gastornis''. However, this interpretation has been challenged recently, and some researchers currently consider ''Diatryma'' to be a valid genus. ''Gastornis'' species were very large birds that were traditionally thought to have been predators of various smaller mammals, such as ancient, diminutive equids. However, several lines of evidence, including the lack of hooked claws (in known ''Gastornis'' footprints), studies of their beak structure and isotopic signatures of their bones, have caused scientists to now consider that these birds were probably herbivorous, feeding on tough plant material ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dromornis Australis
''Dromornis'' is a genus of large to enormous prehistoric birds native to Australia during the Oligocene to Pliocene epochs. The species were flightless, possessing greatly reduced wing structures but with large legs, similar to the modern ostrich or emu. They were likely to have been predominantly, if not exclusively, herbivorous browsers. The male of the largest species, ''Dromornis stirtoni'', is a contender for the tallest and heaviest bird, and possibly exhibited aggressive territorial behaviour. They belong to the family Dromornithidae, extinct flightless birds known as mihirungs. Taxonomy The genus was erected to separate a new species, '' Dromornis australis'', from the previously described ''Dinornis'' (giant moas), another lineage of ancient large and flightless birds found in New Zealand that was earlier described by Richard Owen in 1843. A femur that was forwarded to England, probably a dromornithid and since lost, suggested an Australian genus, but Owen withheld publ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aepyornis Hildebrandti
''Aepyornis'' is an extinct genus of elephant bird formerly endemic to Madagascar. The genus had two species, the smaller ''A. hildebrandti'' and the larger ''A. maximus'', which is possibly the largest bird ever to have lived. Its closest living relative is the New Zealand kiwi. They became extinct sometime around 1000 AD, probably as a result of human activity. Taxonomy Brodkorb (1963) listed four species of ''Aepyornis'' as valid: ''A. hildebrandti'', ''A. gracilis'', ''A. medius'' and ''A. maximus''. However, Hume and Walters (2012) listed only one species, ''A. maximus''. Most recently, Hansford and Turvey (2018) recognized only ''A. hildebrandti'' and ''A. maximus''. * ?''Aepyornis grandidieri'' Rowley 1867 nomen dubium * ''Aepyornis hildebrandti'' Burckhardt, 1893 ** ''Aepyornis gracilis'' Monnier, 1913 ** ''Aepyornis lentus'' Milne-Edwards & Grandidier, 1894 ** ?''Aepyornis minimus'' ** ?''Aepyornis mulleri'' Milne-Edwards & Grandidier, 1894 * ''Aepyornis maximus'' Hil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phorusrhacidae
Phorusrhacids, colloquially known as terror birds, are an extinct family of large carnivorous, mostly flightless birds that were among the largest apex predators in South America during the Cenozoic era. Their definitive fossil records range from the Middle Eocene to the Late Pleistocene around , though some specimens suggest that they were present since the Early Eocene. They ranged in height from . One of the largest specimens from the Early Pleistocene of Uruguay, possibly belonging to '' Devincenzia'', would have weighed up to . Their closest modern-day relatives are believed to be the seriemas. '' Titanis walleri'', one of the larger species, is known from Texas and Florida in North America. This makes the phorusrhacids the only known large South American predator to migrate north in the Great American Interchange that followed the formation of the Isthmus of Panama land bridge (the main pulse of the interchange began about 2.6 Ma ago; ''Titanis'' at 5 Ma was an early northwa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paraphysornis
''Paraphysornis'' is an extinct genus of giant flightless terror birds that inhabited Brazil during Late Oligocene or Early Miocene epochs. Although not the tallest phorusrhacid, ''Paraphysornis'' measured up to tall at the hips and weighed around . It was also a notably robust bird, having short and robust tarsal bones not suited for pursuit hunting. Discovery and naming The holotype (DGM-1418-R) and only known fossil was discovered by a mining company in the Taubaté Basin (São Paulo State) in a layer of bentonite clay, two or three meters below a layer of Pyrobitumen. These sediments belong to the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene Tremembé Formation. Excavation of the bones took several months between 1977 and 1978, yielding a nearly complete (%75) skeleton only lacking most of the cranium, the pelvis and sternum. The bones were initially studied by Herculano Alvarenga, who first described them in 1982 as a species of '' Physornis''. Following closer examination of various ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dromornis
''Dromornis'' is a genus of large to enormous prehistoric birds native to Australia during the Oligocene to Pliocene epochs. The species were flightless, possessing greatly reduced wing structures but with large legs, similar to the modern ostrich or emu. They were likely to have been predominantly, if not exclusively, herbivorous browsers. The male of the largest species, ''Dromornis stirtoni'', is a contender for the tallest and heaviest bird, and possibly exhibited aggressive territorial behaviour. They belong to the family Dromornithidae, extinct flightless birds known as mihirungs. Taxonomy The genus was erected to separate a new species, '' Dromornis australis'', from the previously described ''Dinornis'' (giant moas), another lineage of ancient large and flightless birds found in New Zealand that was earlier described by Richard Owen in 1843. A femur that was forwarded to England, probably a dromornithid and since lost, suggested an Australian genus, but Owen withheld publ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Struthio Anderssoni
''Struthio anderssoni'', also known as the East Asian ostrich, is an extinct species of ostrich that lived in the Pleistocene and Holocene in China and Mongolia. The youngest dates obtained by mass spectrometry analysis of eggshell fragments reveal that the species survived until at least 8.9 ka BP. Description ''Struthio anderssoni'' was a large ostrich with an estimated mass of 270kg, laying eggs of up to 2400 cm3 in volume. In 2023, based on a re-examination of cast of a femur, it was suggested that this species be moved to the genus ''Pachystruthio ''Pachystruthio'' is a genus of extinct bird which lived in Eurasia from the Late Pliocene to the Middle Pleistocene. Its fossils have been found in Hungary, Greece Crimea, Georgia (country), Georgia, and China. The genus contains three species: ...''. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q12642882 Ostriches Extinct flightless birds Late Quaternary prehistoric birds Neogene birds of Asia Pleistocene birds Holocene extinctio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genyornis
''Genyornis newtoni'' is an extinct species of large, flightless bird that lived in Australia during the Pleistocene Epoch until around 50,000 years ago. Over two metres in height, they were likely herbivorous. Many other species of Australian megafauna became extinct in Australia around that time, coinciding with the arrival of humans. It is the last known member of the extinct flightless bird family Dromornithidae which had been part of the fauna of the Australian continent for over 30 million years. They are not closely related to ratites such as emus, and their closest living relatives are thought to be fowl. Taxonomy The species was first described in 1896 by Edward Charles Stirling and A. H. C. Zeitz, the authors giving the epithet ''newtoni'' for the Cambridge professor Alfred Newton. The name of the genus is derived from the ancient Greek ''γένυς'' (''génus'') 'jaw; chin' and ''ὄρνις'' (''órnis'') 'bird', because of the relatively large size of the l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dromornis Planei
''Dromornis'' is a genus of large to enormous prehistoric birds native to Australia during the Oligocene to Pliocene epochs. The species were flightless, possessing greatly reduced wing structures but with large legs, similar to the modern ostrich or emu. They were likely to have been predominantly, if not exclusively, herbivorous browsers. The male of the largest species, ''Dromornis stirtoni'', is a contender for the tallest and heaviest bird, and possibly exhibited aggressive territorial behaviour. They belong to the family Dromornithidae, extinct flightless birds known as mihirungs. Taxonomy The genus was erected to separate a new species, '' Dromornis australis'', from the previously described ''Dinornis'' (giant moas), another lineage of ancient large and flightless birds found in New Zealand that was earlier described by Richard Owen in 1843. A femur that was forwarded to England, probably a dromornithid and since lost, suggested an Australian genus, but Owen withheld publ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pachystruthio
''Pachystruthio'' is a genus of extinct bird which lived in Eurasia from the Late Pliocene to the Middle Pleistocene. Its fossils have been found in Hungary, Greece Crimea, Georgia (country), Georgia, and China. The genus contains three species: ''P. pannonicus'' (the type species), ''P. dmanisensis'', and ''P. transcaucasicus'', which were all formerly placed with the ostrich genus, ''Struthio''. An incomplete femur from the Nihewan Formation (China) has been assigned to ''Pachystruthio'' indet. ''P. dmanisensis'' has been estimated standing 3.5 meters (11.5 feet) tall and weighing up to 450 kg (990 lb), making it much larger than the modern ostrich and largest prehistoric animals, one of the largest known birds. Although ''P. dmanisensis'' is known as the giant ostrich, its relationship to the extant ostriches of the genus ''Struthio'' is not clear. Some authors have suggested placing the large (albeit smaller than ''P. dmanisensis'') extinct ostrich species ''Struth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
