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List Of Constructed Languages
The following list of notable constructed languages is divided into auxiliary, ritual, engineered, and artistic (including fictional) languages, and their respective subgenres. All entries on this list have further information on separate Wikipedia articles. Auxiliary languages International auxiliary languages International auxiliary languages (IAL) are languages constructed to provide easy, fast, and/or improved communication among all human beings, or a significant portion, without necessarily replacing native languages. Zonal auxiliary languages Zonal auxiliary languages are languages created with the purpose of facilitating communication between speakers of a certain group of related languages. Unlike international auxiliary languages for global uses, they are intended to serve a limited linguistic or geographic area. Examples include Pan-Slavic languages, Pan-Romance languages and Pan-Germanic languages. Controlled languages Controlled natural languages are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constructed Language
A constructed language (shortened to conlang) is a language whose phonology, grammar, orthography, and vocabulary, instead of having developed natural language, naturally, are consciously devised for some purpose, which may include being devised for a fiction, work of fiction. A constructed language may also be referred to as an artificial, planned or invented language, or (in some cases) a fictional language. ''Planned languages'' (or engineered languages / engelangs) are languages that have been purposefully designed; they are the result of deliberate, controlling intervention and are thus of a form of ''language planning''. There are many possible reasons to create a constructed language, such as to ease human communication (see international auxiliary language and code); to give fiction or an associated constructed setting an added layer of realism; for experimentation in the fields of linguistics, cognitive science, and machine learning; for artistic language, artistic crea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mundolinco
Mundolinco is a constructed language created by the Dutch author J. Braakman in 1888. It is notable for apparently being the first Esperantido, i.e. the first Esperanto derivative. Major changes from Esperanto Esperanto (, ) is the world's most widely spoken Constructed language, constructed international auxiliary language. Created by L. L. Zamenhof in 1887 to be 'the International Language' (), it is intended to be a universal second language for ... include combining the adjective and adverb with the grammatical ending ''-e'' (whereas Esperanto uses ''-a'' for adjectives and ''-e'' for adverbs), changes to the verb conjugations, an increase in the number of Latin roots, and new affixes such as the superlative suffix ''-osim-'' where Esperanto uses the particle ''plej.'' It seems there was no accusative or adjectival agreement. Numerals 1–10: ''un, du, tres, cvarto, cvinto, siso, septo, octo, nono, desem.'' Writing System There are no diacritics in the alphabet. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Machine Translation
Machine translation is use of computational techniques to translate text or speech from one language to another, including the contextual, idiomatic and pragmatic nuances of both languages. Early approaches were mostly rule-based or statistical. These methods have since been superseded by neural machine translation and large language models. History Origins The origins of machine translation can be traced back to the work of Al-Kindi, a ninth-century Arabic cryptographer who developed techniques for systemic language translation, including cryptanalysis, frequency analysis, and probability and statistics, which are used in modern machine translation. The idea of machine translation later appeared in the 17th century. In 1629, René Descartes proposed a universal language, with equivalent ideas in different tongues sharing one symbol. The idea of using digital computers for translation of natural languages was proposed as early as 1947 by England's A. D. Booth and Warr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timerio
Timerio is a constructed language based on numbers. It was presented to public in 1921 by the Berlin architect Tiemer as a pure literary language and should be used for automated translations. The idea was, that every concept is assigned by a number. The language shows similarities to the Dewey Decimal Classification by Melvil Dewey. One of the only known sentences is the number-combination , which means ''I love you''. Here the stands for ''I'', for ''you (accusative or objective)'' and 80 for '' olove''. Alternatively, can also be used as a description of ''you (singular, nominative)'' according to some forms. Given the basic concept that equals ''I'', and that the designation starts from that viewpoint onwards, it is a logical alternative to accept as another term for ''you''. The comparative is shown by , the superlative by . "And" is represented by . A prefix of makes a root an adjective. The genitive takes the suffix , the dative takes . Tenses are shown with an under ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claudius Colas
Claudius Colas (Saint-Huruge, France, 29 November 1884 - Battle of the Marne, 11 September 1914)., also known as Profesoro V. Esperema, was a French Esperantist. In 1910, he created the constructed language Adjuvilo, which was a complete language that was never meant to be spoken but instead an effort to help create dissent in the then-growing Ido movement. In 1910, he co-founded IKUE, the foremost organization of Catholic Esperantists in the world. He died during the early days of World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to .... References [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adjuvilo
Adjuvilo is a constructed language created in 1910 by Claudius Colas under the pseudonym of "Profesoro V. Esperema". Although it was a full language, it may not have been created to be spoken. Many believe that as an Esperantist, Colas created Adjuvilo to help create dissent in the then-growing Ido movement. Colas himself called his language ''simplified Ido'' and proposed several reforms to Ido. Colas created a nearly complete grammar, but did not create a new vocabulary. Adjuvilo uses mainly the vocabulary of Ido with modifications according to the grammatical changes of Ido. Colas in some cases reestablishes the Esperanto forms of words and even constructed some new words like ''sulo'' for "sun" (Ido/Esperanto: ''suno'') and ''dago'' for "day" (Ido: ''dio'', Esperanto: ''tago''). Phonology and orthography Like Ido, Adjuvilo has five vowel phonemes. The vowels and are interchangeable depending on speaker preference, as are and . The combinations /au/ and /eu/ become diphthon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Powell Foster
Ro is an a priori constructed language created by Rev. Edward Powell Foster beginning in 1904. History Rev. Edward Powell Foster worked on his "international language" for 25 years before compiling a dictionary which initially had 257 pages with more than 6,000 words. The local newspaper in Newark, Ohio, published a mention of Foster visiting the city in 1929 to deliver copies of his "Ro" dictionary. In the January 23, 1929, issue of ''The Evening Star'' newspaper, in the "Answers to Questions" column, and R.S. submitted the question "Is there a Ro dictionary?" The column editor, Frederic J. Haskin responded, "A dictionary of about 12,000 words in the Ro language was published in 1928. The first publication concerning Ro was distributed in 1906." The January 25, 1922, issue of ''The Arizona Republican'' published an article entitle "Made-to-Order Language" which discussed "Ro" specifically; however, the article also states "We have received some literature relative to the 'Ro' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giuseppe Peano
Giuseppe Peano (; ; 27 August 1858 – 20 April 1932) was an Italian mathematician and glottologist. The author of over 200 books and papers, he was a founder of mathematical logic and set theory, to which he contributed much Mathematical notation, notation. The standard axiomatization of the natural numbers is named the Peano axioms in his honor. As part of this effort, he made key contributions to the modern rigorous and systematic treatment of the method of mathematical induction. He spent most of his career teaching mathematics at the University of Turin. He also created an international auxiliary language, Latino sine flexione ("Latin without inflections"), which is a simplified version of Classical Latin. Most of his books and papers are in Latino sine flexione, while others are in Italian. Biography Peano was born and raised on a farm at Spinetta, a hamlet now belonging to Cuneo, Piedmont, Italy. He attended the Liceo classico Cavour in Turin, and enrolled at the Universi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latino Sine Flexione
Latino sine flexione ("Latin without inflections"), Interlingua de Academia pro Interlingua (IL de ApI) or Peano's Interlingua (abbreviated as IL) is an international auxiliary language compiled by the Academia pro Interlingua under the chairmanship of the Italian mathematician Giuseppe Peano (1858–1932) from 1887 until 1914. It is a simplified version of Latin, and retains its vocabulary. Interlingua-IL was published in the journal ''Revue de Mathématiques'' in an article of 1903 entitled ''De Latino Sine Flexione, Lingua Auxiliare Internationale'' (meaning ''On Latin Without Inflection, International Auxiliary Language''),Peano, Giuseppe (1903). De Latino Sine Flexione. Lingua Auxiliare Internationale', ''Revista de Mathematica'' (''Revue de Mathématiques''), Tomo VIII, pp. 74-83. Fratres Bocca Editores: Torino. which explained the reason for its creation. The article argued that other auxiliary languages were unnecessary, since Latin was already established as the world's int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waldemar Rosenberger
Waldemar Rosenberger, (, Vladimir Karlovich Rozenberger, 1848–1918) from Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire, became director of the International Volapük Academy in 1892. Under his leadership, the Academy began to experiment more with the Volapük language. In 1902 the Academy proposed a heavily revised version which was known as Neutral and later Idiom Neutral Idiom Neutral is an international auxiliary language, published in 1902 by the International Academy of the Universal Language () under the leadership of Waldemar Rosenberger, a St. Petersburg engineer. History The Academy had its origin a .... References Constructed language creators Linguists from the Russian Empire Volapük 1848 births 1918 deaths Idiom Neutral {{Russia-linguist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Idiom Neutral
Idiom Neutral is an international auxiliary language, published in 1902 by the International Academy of the Universal Language () under the leadership of Waldemar Rosenberger, a St. Petersburg engineer. History The Academy had its origin as the (literally 'International Academy of the World Language') at a congress in Munich in August 1887, was set up to conserve and perfect the auxiliary language Volapük. Under Rosenberger, who became the Academy’s director in 1892, the group began to make considerable changes in the grammar and vocabulary of Volapük, changing its nature into an entirely different language. The vocabulary was almost completely replaced by words more closely resembling those used in Western European languages, and a number of grammatical forms unfamiliar to Western Europeans were discarded. It was understood that the changes effectively resulted in the creation of a new language, which was named (which means “the neutral idiom” or “the neutral l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
