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List Of Benzo Compounds
In organic chemistry the addition of the prefix benzo to the name of a chemical compound indicates the addition of an even number of carbon atoms to an unsaturated compound, unsaturated or already aromatic compound by which a new aromatic ring is formed. Between the prefix ''benzo'' and the name of the parent compound then place of the addition of the extra carbon atoms is indicated by letters written between square brackets.In the names of pages in the Wikipedia curved brackets are used, as square brackets lead to malfunctioning in links to those pages. Quite often the number of added carbon atoms is four, although sometimes two else will do the job as shown in the following table. The first entry also shows different routes to the name of the same molecule. Examples See also *Benzodiazepine References {{reflist Chemistry-related lists, Benzoid and non benzoid compoundss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organic Chemistry
Organic chemistry is a subdiscipline within chemistry involving the science, scientific study of the structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds and organic matter, organic materials, i.e., matter in its various forms that contain carbon atoms.Clayden, J.; Greeves, N. and Warren, S. (2012) ''Organic Chemistry''. Oxford University Press. pp. 1–15. . Study of structure determines their structural formula. Study of properties includes Physical property, physical and Chemical property, chemical properties, and evaluation of Reactivity (chemistry), chemical reactivity to understand their behavior. The study of organic reactions includes the organic synthesis, chemical synthesis of natural products, drugs, and polymers, and study of individual organic molecules in the laboratory and via theoretical (in silico) study. The range of chemicals studied chemistry includes hydrocarbons (compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen) as well as compounds based on carbon, but a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benzo(a)pyrene
Benzo 'a''yrene (B''a''P or B ) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the result of incomplete combustion of organic matter at temperatures between and . The ubiquitous compound can be found in coal tar, tobacco smoke and many foods, especially grilled meats. The substance with the formula C20H12 is one of the benzopyrenes, formed by a benzene ring fused to pyrene. Its diol epoxide metabolites, more commonly known as BPDE, react with and bind to DNA, resulting in mutations and eventually cancer. It is listed as a Group 1 carcinogen by the IARC. In the 18th century a scrotal cancer of chimney sweepers, the chimney sweeps' carcinoma, was already known to be connected to soot. Description Benzo 'a''yrene (B''a''P) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in coal tar with the formula C20H12. The compound is one of the benzopyrenes, formed by a benzene ring fused to pyrene, and is the result of incomplete combustion at temperatures between and . Sources The ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benzo(k)fluoranthene
Benzo 'k''luoranthene is an organic compound with the chemical formula C20H12. Classified as a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon A Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) is any member of a class of organic compounds that is composed of multiple fused aromatic rings. Most are produced by the incomplete combustion of organic matter— by engine exhaust fumes, tobacco, incine ... (PAH), it forms pale yellow needles or crystals, and is poorly soluble in most solvents. Impure samples can appear off white. Closely related isomeric compounds include benzo(a)fluoranthene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(e)fluoranthene, and benzo(j)fluoranthene. References Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons IARC Group 2B carcinogens PBT substances {{hydrocarbon-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benzo(j)fluoranthene
Benzo 'j''luoranthene (B''j''F) is an organic compound with the chemical formula C20H12. Classified as a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), it is a colourless solid that is poorly soluble in most solvents. Impure samples can appear off white. Closely related isomeric compounds include benzo 'a''luoranthene (B''a''F), benzo 'b''luoranthene (B''b''F), benzo 'e''luoranthene (B''e''F), and benzo 'k''luoranthene (B''k''F). B''j''F is present in fossil fuels and is released during incomplete combustion of organic matter. It has been traced in the smoke of cigarettes, exhaust from gasoline engines, emissions from the combustion of various types of coal and emissions from oil heating, as well as an impurity in some oils such as soybean oil. Structure and synthesis B''j''F consists of two naphthalene-like structures which are fused by a cyclopentane structure. This cyclopentane is not included in the aromaticity of the molecule. B''j''F can be obtained when either 2-(1-chloroet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benzo(ghi)fluoranthene
Benzodiazepines (BZD, BDZ, BZs), colloquially known as "benzos", are a class of central nervous system (CNS) depressant drugs whose core chemical structure is the fusion of a benzene ring and a diazepine ring. They are prescribed to treat conditions such as anxiety disorders, insomnia, and seizures. The first benzodiazepine, chlordiazepoxide (Librium), was discovered accidentally by Leo Sternbach in 1955, and was made available in 1960 by Hoffmann–La Roche, which followed with the development of diazepam (Valium) three years later, in 1963. By 1977, benzodiazepines were the most prescribed medications globally; the introduction of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), among other factors, decreased rates of prescription, but they remain frequently used worldwide. Benzodiazepines are depressants that enhance the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABAA receptor, resulting in sedative, hypnotic ( sleep-inducing), anxiolytic (ant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
Talk:Benz(e)acephenanthrylene#MadmanBot seems to be in error.) - please let me know if otherwise of course - in any case - Enjoy! :) Drbogdan ( talk) 15:53, 5 March 2014 (UTC) ---> Benz 'e''cephenanthrylene is an organic compound with the chemical formula C20H12. It is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) made of four benzene rings around a 5-membered ring. See also * Benzene * List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules This is a list of molecules that have been detected in the interstellar medium and circumstellar envelopes, grouped by the number of component atoms. The chemical formula is listed for each detected compound, along with any ionized form that has ... References External links * National Pollutant Inventory - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Fact Sheet Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons IARC Group 2B carcinogens {{hydrocarbon-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fluoranthene
Fluoranthene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). The molecule can be viewed as the fusion of naphthalene and benzene unit connected by a five-membered ring. The chemical formula is . Although samples are often pale yellow, the compound is colorless. It is soluble in nonpolar organic solvents.Karl Griesbaum, Arno Behr, Dieter Biedenkapp, Heinz-Werner Voges, Dorothea Garbe, Christian Paetz, Gerd Collin, Dieter Mayer, Hartmut Höke “Hydrocarbons” in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002 Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. It is a member of the class of PAHs known as non-alternant PAHs because it has rings other than those with six carbon atoms. It is a structural isomer of the alternant PAH pyrene. It is not as thermodynamically stable as pyrene. Its name is derived from its fluorescence under UV light. Occurrence Traces of fluoranthene is found in many combustion products, along with other PAHs. It results from incomplete combustion. Fluoranthene was originally isola ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benzo(e)pyrene
Benzo 'e''yrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C20H12. It is listed as a Group 3 carcinogen by the IARC. See also * Benzopyrene * Benzo 'a''yrene * Benzene Benzene is an Organic compound, organic chemical compound with the Chemical formula#Molecular formula, molecular formula C6H6. The benzene molecule is composed of six carbon atoms joined in a planar hexagonal Ring (chemistry), ring with one hyd ... * Pyrene, a four-ring analogue References Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons IARC Group 3 carcinogens {{hydrocarbon-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unsaturated Compound
A saturated compound is a chemical compound (or ion) that resists addition reactions, such as hydrogenation, oxidative addition, and the binding of a Lewis base. The term is used in many contexts and classes of chemical compounds. Overall, saturated compounds are less reactive than unsaturated compounds. Saturation is derived from the Latin word ''saturare'', meaning 'to fill'.An unsaturated compound is also a chemical compound (or ion) that attracts reduction reactions, such as dehydrogenation, oxidative reduction Organic chemistry Generally distinct types of unsaturated organic compounds are recognized. For hydrocarbons: *alkene (unsaturated) vs alkane (saturated) *alkyne (unsaturated) vs alkane (saturated) *arene (unsaturated) vs cycloalkane (saturated) For organic compounds containing heteroatoms (other than C and H), the list of unsaturated groups is long but some common types are: *carbonyl, e.g. ketones, aldehydes, esters, carboxylic acids (unsaturated) vs alcohol or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyrene Numbered
Pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) consisting of four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat Aromaticity, aromatic system. The chemical formula is . This yellow-green solid is the smallest peri-fused PAH (one where the rings are fused through more than one face). Pyrene forms during Combustion#Incomplete, incomplete combustion of organic compounds. Occurrence and properties Pyrene was first isolated from coal tar, where it occurs up to 2% by weight. As a peri-fused PAH, pyrene is much more Resonance (chemistry), resonance-stabilized than its five-member-ring containing isomer fluoranthene. Therefore, it is produced in a wide range of combustion conditions. For example, automobiles produce about 1 μg/km.Senkan, Selim and Castaldi, Marco (2003) "Combustion" in ''Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry'', Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. Reactions Oxidation with Chromate ion, chromate affords perinaphthenone and then naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid. Pyre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
