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List Of Iranian Scientists
The following is a list of Iranian scientists, engineers, and scholars who lived from antiquity up until the beginning of the modern age. A * Abdul Qadir Gilani (12th century) theologian and philosopher * Abu al-Qasim Muqane'i (10th century) physician * Abu Dawood (c. 817–889), Islamic scholar * Abu Hanifa (699–767), Islamic scholar * Abu Said Gorgani (10th century) * 'Adud al-Dawla (936–983), scientific patron * Ahmad ibn Farrokh (12th century), physician * Ahmad ibn 'Imad al-Din (11th century), physician and chemist * Alavi Shirazi (1670–1747), royal physician in Mughal India * Amuli, Muhammad ibn Mahmud (c. 1300–1352), physician * Abū Ja'far al-Khāzin (900–971), mathematician and astronomer * Ansari, Khwaja Abdullah (1006–1088), Islamic scholar * Aqa-Kermani (18th century), physician * Aqsara'i (?–1379), physician * Abu Hafsa Yazid, physician * Arzani, Muqim (18th century), physician * Astarabadi (15th century), physician * Aufi, Muhammad (1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Hafsa Yazid
Abu Hafsa Yazid () was a '' mawla'', or servant, of the Umayyad Caliph Marwan ibn al-Hakkam (). Background and career Yazid's full name is not known; ''Abu Hafsa'' means "father of Hafsa" (an Arabic '' kunya''). Abu Hafsa Yazid's origins are unclear; he may have been either Persian or Jewish. He may have been taken prisoner as a youth in the capture of Istakhr in ca 650 CE, and later sold to the Caliph. Marwan freed him on the day of the assassination of Uthman ibn Affan (17 June 656). Sources vary as to whether Abu Hafsa Yazid converted to Islam. Marwan assigned Yazid to posts including taxation in Medina. He married the daughter of the'' amir'' of al-Yamama, and among their descendants were several prominent poets of the early Islamic period, including Marwan ibn Abi Hafsa and Marwan ibn Abi al-Janub. Abu Hafsa Yazid is sometimes described as court physician to the Caliph A caliphate ( ) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic stew ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Baladhuri
ʾAḥmad ibn Yaḥyā ibn Jābir al-Balādhurī () was a 9th-century West Asian historian. One of the eminent Middle Eastern historians of his age, he spent most of his life in Baghdad and enjoyed great influence at the court of the caliph al-Mutawakkil. He travelled in Syria and Iraq, compiling information for his major works. His full name was Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Jabir Al-Baladhuri (), Balazry Ahmad Bin Yahya Bin Jabir Abul Hasan or Abi al-Hassan Baladhuri. Biography Al Baladhuri's ethnicity has been described as Persian by his contemporaries including Ibn Nadim, but some scholars have surmised that he was of Arab descent solely since he spent most of his life in Baghdad. Baladhuri was a Persian speaker who translated Persian works to Arabic. Nonetheless, his sympathies seem to have been strongly with the Arabs, for Masudi refers to one of his works in which he rejects Baladhuri's condemnation of non-Arab nationalism Shu'ubiyya. He is certainly not the first Persian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baha Al-Dowleh Razi
Baha Al-Dowleh Razi was an Iranian physician who lived in the 9th century. He was one of the greatest Iranian traditional medicine practitioners. He was likely born in Tehran, where he also completed his medical studies with his father. Innovation Razi discovered many innovations in the field of detecting diseases such as whooping cough and syphilis. In Razi's writings, as was common with other Persian physicians, the disease syphilis is referred to as . He also gave an early description of epithelial tuft cells and their possible role in the immune system and allergies. He implemented an early form of smallpox vaccination. He is the main source for a paper . He used his father's techniques and followed him in Sufism and the elders of the way of life of the late 'King Hussein', entering Herat Afzal Nasir al-Din al-Kirmani monastery. Kholaseh Al-Tajarob His short book "Kholaseh Al-tajarob" was one of the most respected authorities in the 'Safavieh' era of medicine. Doctors ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bahāʾ Al-dīn Al-ʿĀmilī
Baha al-Din Muhammad ibn Husayn al-Amili (; ; 18 February 1547 – 1 September 1621), also known as Bahāddīn ʿĀmilī, or just Sheikh Bahāʾi (Persian language, Persian: شیخ بهایی) in Iran, was an originally Lebanese people, Lebanese Persians, Iranian Shia Islam, Shia Islamic scholar, poet, philosopher, architect, mathematician and astronomer, who lived in the late 16th and early 17th centuries in Safavid Iran. He was born in Baalbek, Ottoman Syria (present-day Lebanon) and immigrated in his childhood to Safavid Iran with the rest of his family. He was one of the earliest astronomers in the Islamic world to suggest the possibility of the Earth's movement prior to the spread of the Copernican theory. He wrote over 100 treatises and books in different topics, in Arabic language, Arabic and Persian language, Persian. A number of architectural and engineering designs are attributed to him, but none can be substantiated with sources. These may have included the Naqsh-e Jaha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Baghawi
Abū Muḥammad al-Ḥusayn ibn Masʻūd ibn Muḥammad al-Farrā' al-Baghawī ( Persian/Arabic:ابو محمد حسین بن مسعود بغوی), also known as al-Baghawī () was a Persian Sunni Muslim scholar based in Khorasan. He was a prominent Quran exegete ('' mufassir''), traditionist (''muhaddith''), and Shafi'i jurist ('' faqih''). He best known for his two major works, '' Maʻālim at-Tanzīl'' and '' Masabih as-Sunnah''. Al-Baghawi was known by several titles and was referred to as the "''Supporter of the Religion''" (Dhahīr al-Dīn) by Ibn Khallikān, who describes him as an ocean in the religious sciences. Al-Baghawī was dubbed the "''Reviver of the Sunna''" (Muḥyī as-Sunna) because he supposedly dreamed of the Islamic prophet telling him, “You revived my Sunna through your commentary on my ḥadīths” and this was due to compiling his work ''Sharḥ al-Sunna''. He is also known as the "''Pillar of the Religion''" (Rukn al-Dīn). Name His last name, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bahmanyār
Abu al-Hasan (or Abu al-Husayn) Bahmanyar ibn al-Marzban, better simply known as Bahmanyar (; died 1066) was an Iranian scholar, who is mainly known as one of the most prominent pupils of Avicenna (d. 1037). Background Bahmanyar was from a Zoroastrian family, reportedly from Azerbaijan in northern Iran. His father may have been the Bavandid prince al-Marzuban, who ruled in Mazandaran in the late 10th-century, and was the author of the '' Marzban-nama''. Bahmanyar's knowledge of Arabic was not perfect. Life Little is known of Bahmanyar's life. He most likely started his studies in philosophy along with Abu al-Qasim al-Kirmani in the Buyid city of Ray in northern Iran. There they both became involved in the administration, while they read Avicenna works. Bahmanyar was possibly part of the Buyid court in Ray through family ties with the Bavandid princess Sayyida Shirin, her husband Fakhr al-Dawla () and son Majd al-Dawla (), both Buyid rulers of Ray. Bahmanyar eventually ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brethren Of Purity
The Brethren of Purity (; also The Brethren of Sincerity) were a secret society of Muslim philosophers in Basra, Iraq, in the 9th or 10th century CE. The structure of the organization and the identities of its members have never been clear."Having been hidden within the cloak of secrecy from its very inception, the ''Rasa'il'' have provided many points of contention and have been a constant source of dispute among both Muslim and Western scholars. The identification of the authors, or possibly one author, the place and time of writing and propagation of their works, the nature of the secret brotherhood, the outer manifestation of which comprises the ''Rasa'il'' – these and many secondary questions have remained without answer." pg 25, Nasr (1964) Their esoteric Western esotericism, also known as the Western mystery tradition, is a wide range of loosely related ideas and movements that developed within Western society. These ideas and currents are united since they are lar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Al-Hasan Al-Ahwazi
Abu al-Hasan al-Ahwazi, also known as Abu al-Hasan al-Ahvazi () was a Persian mathematician and astronomer An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who focuses on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth. Astronomers observe astronomical objects, such as stars, planets, natural satellite, moons, comets and galaxy, galax ... of the 4th AH/10th CE and 5th AH/11th CE centuries. His name suggests that he was originally from Ahvaz, now in modern Iran. The Iranian scholar Al-Biruni mentioned his name in his works, an indication that Ahvazi's works were considered to be important. Ahvazi mentioned the Iranian astronomer and mathematician Abū Ja'far al-Khāzin in one of his books. Since Al-Khazin died in 360 AH ( CE), it can be concluded that the final years of Ahvazi's life was contemporaneous to Biruni's childhood. Ahvazi's book is extant. , a work previously attributed to another author, was probably written by Abū l-Ḥasan al-Ahwazi (d. 428/ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Al-Hassan Al-Amiri
Abu al-Hassan Muhammad ibn Yusuf al-Amiri () () (died 992) was a Muslim theologian and philosopher who attempted to reconcile philosophy with religion, and Sufism with conventional Islam. While al-'Amiri believed the revealed truths of Islam were superior to the logical conclusions of philosophy, he argued that the two did not contradict each other. Al-'Amiri consistently sought to find areas of agreement and synthesis between disparate Islamic sects. However, he believed Islam to be morally superior to other religions, specifically Zoroastrianism and Manicheism. Al-Amiri was the most prominent Muslim philosopher following the tradition of Kindi in Islamic Philosophy. He was a contemporary of Ibn Miskawayh as well as his friend, and lived in the half century between Al-Farabi and Ibn Sina. He was a polymath who wrote on "...logic, physics, psychology, metaphysics, ethics, biology and medicine, different religions, Sufism and interpretation of the Qurʾān, as well as of dream ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibn Abi Al-Ashʿath
Ibn Abi al-Ashʿath (; died 975 CE) was a Persian physician of medieval Islam. He wrote many commentaries on Galen Aelius Galenus or Claudius Galenus (; September 129 – AD), often Anglicization, anglicized as Galen () or Galen of Pergamon, was a Ancient Rome, Roman and Greeks, Greek physician, surgeon, and Philosophy, philosopher. Considered to be one o ...'s works. He died in Mosul, Iraq. Physiology Ahmad ibn Abi al-Ash'ath described the physiology of the stomach in a live lion in his book ''al-Quadi wa al-muqtadi''. He wrote:When food enters the stomach, especially when it is plentiful, the stomach dilates and its layers get stretched...onlookers thought the stomach was rather small, so I proceeded to pour jug after jug in its throat…the inner layer of the distended stomach became as smooth as the external peritoneal layer. I then cut open the stomach and let the water out. The stomach shrank and I could see the pylorus…Ahmad ibn Abi al-Ash'ath observed the physio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albubather
Abu Bakr al-Hassan ibn al-Khasib, also al-Khaseb, Albubather in Latin, was a Persian physician and astrologer of the 9th century. He wrote in Persian and Arabic and is best known for his work ''De nativitatibus'' which was translated into Latin by Canonicus Salio in Padua 1218, and was also translated into Hebrew. The first printed edition appeared in Venice in 1492, edited by Antonio Lauro, a Venetian prelate. It contains detailed descriptions of the influence of the planets, sun, moon and zodiac on a child throughout the gestation period, from physical characteristics to musical ability. Works * See also * List of Iranian scientists References Sources * ''Al-fihrist'' by Ibn al-Nadim Abū al-Faraj Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq an-Nadīm (), also Ibn Abī Yaʿqūb Isḥāq ibn Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq al-Warrāq, and commonly known by the '' nasab'' (patronymic) Ibn an-Nadīm (; died 17 September 995 or 998), was an important Muslim ..., p. 276 and Commentary, p. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
