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List Of European Astronauts
This is an incomplete list of astronauts who are resident in any of the countries of Europe, who have reached Earth's orbit, exclusive of the former Soviet republics of Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine. People who are "space tourists" rather than working astronauts may be included, indicated by ''italics''. Alphabetical list ''EAC = European Astronaut Corps'' * Aleksandar Panayotov Aleksandrov (Intercosmos) — Soyuz TM-5 * Patrick Baudry, second Frenchman in space, born in Douala, Cameroon — STS-51-G * Ivan Bella, first Slovakia, Slovak in space — Soyuz TM-29/Soyuz TM-28, 28 * Maurizio Cheli, EAC — STS-75 * Jean-Loup Chrétien, CNES (Intercosmos), first France, French person in space and first non-Soviet European to walk in space — Soyuz T-6, Soyuz TM-7/Soyuz TM-6, 6, STS-86 * Jean-François Clervoy, EAC — STS-66, STS-84, STS-103 * Samantha Cristoforetti, EAC — Soyuz TMA-15M (Expedition 42, SpaceX Crew-4 (Expedition 67) * Frank De Winne, EAC — Soyuz TMA-1/Soyu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Europe
Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. Comprising the westernmost peninsulas of Eurasia, it shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with both Africa and Asia. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south and Asia to the east. Europe is commonly considered to be separated from Asia by the watershed of the Ural Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian Sea, the Greater Caucasus, the Black Sea and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. "Europe" (pp. 68–69); "Asia" (pp. 90–91): "A commonly accepted division between Asia and Europe ... is formed by the Ural Mountains, Ural River, Caspian Sea, Caucasus Mountains, and the Blac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
STS-75
STS-75 was a 1996 NASA Space Shuttle mission, the 19th mission of the ''Columbia'' orbiter. Crew Allen, Hoffman, Nicollier and Chang-Díaz had previously been members of the STS-46 crew, which had flown the TSS-1 experiment in 1992. Mission objective Tethered Satellite System The primary objective of STS-75 was to carry the Tethered Satellite System Reflight (TSS-1R) into orbit and to deploy it spaceward on a conducting tether. The mission also flew the United States Microgravity Payload (USMP-3) designed to investigate materials science and condensed matter physics. The TSS-1R mission was a reflight of TSS-1 which was flown onboard Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' on STS-46 in July/August 1992. The Tether Satellite System circled the Earth at an altitude of 296 kilometers, placing the tether system within the rarefied electrically charged layer of the atmosphere known as the ionosphere. STS-75 mission scientists hoped to deploy the tether to a distance of . Over 19 kilometers o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soyuz TMA-15M
Soyuz TMA-15M was a 2014 flight to the International Space Station. It transported three members of the Expedition 42 crew to the International Space Station. TMA-15M was the 124th flight of a Soyuz spacecraft, the first flight launching in 1967. The Soyuz remained docked to the space station for the Expedition 43 increment, serving as an emergency escape vehicle until departing and returning to Earth as scheduled in June 2015. Crew Backup crew Mission highlights Launch, rendezvous and docking Soyuz TMA-15M launched successfully aboard a Soyuz-FG rocket from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan at 21:01 UTC on Sunday, 23 November 2014. The spacecraft reached low Earth orbit approximately nine minutes after lift-off. After executing rendezvous maneuvers, the Soyuz docked with the International Space Station at 02:49 UTC on 24 November, with hatch opening occurring at 05:00 UTC. Soyuz TMA-15M was scheduled to remain docked to the ISS—serving as an emergency escape vehicle, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samantha Cristoforetti
Samantha Cristoforetti, OMRI (; born in Milan on 26 April 1977) is an Italian European Space Agency astronaut, former Italian Air Force pilot and engineer. She holds the record for the longest uninterrupted spaceflight by a European astronaut (199 days, 16 hours), and she held the record for the longest single space flight by a woman until this was broken by Peggy Whitson in June 2017, and later by Christina Koch. She is also the first Italian woman in space. She took command of ISS Expedition 68 on September 28 2022. In December 2021, ''Politico Europe'' named her as one of the "dreamers" in its annual list of the 28 most influential people in Europe. Early life Cristoforetti was born in Milan in 1977. She spent her childhood in Malè, in Val di Sole, Trentino, Italy. When she was 18, she took an AFS exchange program to the US and attended Space Camp. Career She studied in Bolzano and Trento and graduated from the Technical University of Munich with a degree in Mechanic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
STS-103
STS-103 was a Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission by Space Shuttle ''Discovery''. The mission launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on 19 December 1999 and returned on 27 December 1999. It was also the last Shuttle mission of the 1990s, and the only mission to span through Christmas. Crew Space walks *'' Smith and Grunsfeld '' – EVA 1 *EVA 1 start: 22 December 1999 – 18:54 UTC *EVA 1 end: 23 December 1999 – 03:09 UTC *Duration: 8 hours, 15 minutes *'' Foale and Nicollier '' – EVA 2 *EVA 2 start: 23 December 1999 – 19:06 UTC *EVA 2 end: 24 December 1999 – 03:16 UTC *Duration: 8 hours, 10 minutes *'' Smith and Grunsfeld '' – EVA 3 *EVA 3 start: 24 December 1999 – 19:17 UTC *EVA 3 end: 25 December 1999 – 03:25 UTC *Duration: 8 hours, 08 minutes Mission highlights The primary objective of STS-103 was the Hubble Servicing Mission 3A. STS-103 had four scheduled Extravehicular Activity (EVA) days where four crew members worked in pairs on alternating ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
STS-84
STS-84 was a crewed spaceflight mission by Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' to the Mir space station. Crew Mission highlights The STS-84 mission was the sixth Shuttle/ ''Mir'' docking mission and is part of the NASA/Mir program which consisted of nine Shuttle-Mir dockings and seven long duration flights of U.S. astronauts aboard the Russian space station. The prior Shuttle-Mir missions were STS-71, STS-74, STS-76, STS-79 and STS-81. The U.S. astronauts launched and landed on a Shuttle and served as ''Mir'' crew members while the Russian Mir crewmembers used their Soyuz vehicle for launch and landing. This series of missions expanded U.S. research on ''Mir'' by providing resupply materials for experiments to be performed aboard the station as well as returning experiment samples and data to Earth. STS-84 involved the transfer of of water and logistics to and from the ''Mir''. During the docked phase, of water, of U.S. science equipment, of Russian logistics along with of m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
STS-66
STS-66 was a Space Shuttle program mission that was flown by the Space Shuttle ''Atlantis''. STS-66 launched on 3 November 1994 at 11:59:43.060 am EDT from Launch Pad 39-B at NASA's Kennedy Space Center. ''Atlantis'' landed at Edwards Air Force Base on 14 November 1994 at 10:33:45 am EST. Crew Mission highlights The Atmospheric Laboratory for Applications and Sciences – 3 (ATLAS-03) was the primary payload aboard STS-66. It continued the series of Spacelab flights to study the energy of the sun and how it affects the Earth's climate and environment. The ATLAS-03 mission made the first detailed measurements from the Shuttle of the Northern Hemisphere's middle atmosphere in late fall. The timing of the flight, when the Antarctic ozone hole is diminishing, allowed scientists to study possible effects of the ozone hole on mid-latitudes, the way Antarctic air recovers, and how the northern atmosphere changes as the winter season approaches. In addition to the ATLAS-03 inves ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-François Clervoy
Jean-François André Clervoy (born 19 November 1958) is a French engineer and a CNES and ESA astronaut. He is a veteran of three NASA Space Shuttle missions. Early life and education Clervoy was born 19 November 1958 in Longeville-lès-Metz, France, the son of Mireille Lemonde and Jean Clervoy, a former French Air Force pilot. From an early age, he took an interest in space exploration and dreamt of becoming an astronaut: While born in the French region of Lorraine, Clervoy considers Toulouse to be his adopted hometown. He has a twin brother, Patrick Clervoy, a military psychiatrist. He received his baccalauréat from Collège Militaire de Saint-Cyr-l'École in 1976; he passed Math. Sup. and Math. Spé. M' at Prytanée Militaire, La Flèche in 1978. He graduated from École Polytechnique, Paris, in 1981. He then became a member of the Corps of Armament. He graduated from École nationale supérieure de l'aéronautique et de l'espace, Toulouse, in 1983; he graduated as a Fl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
STS-86
STS-86 was a Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' mission to the Mir space station. This was the last ''Atlantis'' mission before it was taken out of service temporarily for maintenance and upgrades, including the glass cockpit. Crew Spacewalk *'' Parazynski and Titov '' – EVA 1 *EVA 1 Start: 1 October 1997 – 17:29 UTC *EVA 1 End: 1 October 1997 – 22:30 UTC *Duration: 5 hours, 01 minutes Mission highlights The seventh Mir Docking mission carried a SPACEHAB double module for the docking with Mir, cargo transfer and an astronaut exchange. The shuttle's previous Mir missions were STS-71, STS-74, STS-76, STS-79, STS-81 and STS-84. Highlights of the 10-day mission include five days of docked operations between ''Atlantis'' and Mir and the exchange of crew members Foale and Wolf to continue a permanent American presence of the Russia complex. A spacewalk is scheduled to retrieve the four Mir Environmental Effects Payloads which were attached to the Mir's docking module by Linda Godw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soyuz TM-6
Soyuz TM-6 was a crewed Soyuz spaceflight to '' Mir''.The mission report is available here: http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/soyuz-TM6.htm It was launched on 29 August 1988, at 04:23:11 UTC, for the station's third long-duration expedition, Mir EO-3. The three-person crew that was launched consisted of Research Doctor Valeri Polyakov, who became part of the EO-3 crew, as well as the two crew members of the week-long mission Mir EP-3, which included the first ever Afghan cosmonaut, Abdul Ahad Mohmand. On September 8, Soyuz TM-6 was undocked from ''Mirs Kvant port and redocked onto the ''Mir'' Base Block's port. It remained there until December, when it brought Titov and Manarov of the EO-3 crew back to Earth. It also landed French astronaut Jean-Loup Chrétien, ending his 25-day-long spaceflight which started with Soyuz TM-7. Crew Valeri Polyakov remained behind on ''Mir'' with cosmonauts Musa Manarov and Vladimir Titov when Mohmand and Lyakhov returned to Earth in So ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soyuz TM-7
Soyuz TM-7 was a crewed Soyuz (spacecraft), Soyuz spaceflight to Mir.The mission report is available here: http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/soyuz-TM7.htm It launched on 26 November 1988, at 15:49:34, and was the start of the fourth long duration expedition to Mir, Mir EO-4. The crew would join the third crew member of EO-4, cosmonaut/physician Valeri Polyakov, who was on Mir for the second half of Mir EO-3, EO-3. Also launched by Soyuz TM-7 was France, French astronaut Jean-Loup Chrétien, who would take part in the 24-day French mission known as Mir Aragatz. The spacecraft Soyuz TM-7 remained docked to Mir for the duration of EO-4. At the end of EO-4 in April 1989, due to delays in the launch schedule, Mir was left uncrewed, and all three EO-4 crew members were transported back to Earth. Crew Backup crew *Aleksandr Viktorenko *Aleksandr Serebrov *Michel Tognini Mission parameters *Mass: 7,000 Kilogram, kg 15,400 pound (mass), lb *Perigee: 194 km (120 mi) *A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soyuz T-6
Soyuz T-6 was a human spaceflight to Earth orbit to the Salyut 7 space station in 1982. Along with two Soviet cosmonauts, the crew included a Frenchman, Jean-Loup Chrétien. The Soyuz-T spacecraft arrived at Salyut 7 following launch on 24 June 1982 and one day of solo operations. During the T-6 mission's time docked to the station, the crew performed joint Soviet-French experiments, including cardiovascular echography, alongside the station's resident crew. Crew Backup crew Mission parameters *Mass: 6850 kg *Perigee: 189 km *Apogee: 233 km *Inclination: 51.7° *Period: 88.7 minutes Mission highlights Soyuz T-6 launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome on 24 June 1982 at 16:29 GMT. Docking with the Salyut 7 station was completed manually after problems arose with the spacecraft's onboard automatic docking systems. Once aboard Salyut 7, the crew completed joint Soviet-French, including echography and antibiotic An antibiotic is a type of antimicrobial s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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