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List Of Covid-19 Simulation Models
COVID-19 simulation models are mathematical infectious disease models for the spread of COVID-19. The list should not be confused with COVID-19 apps used mainly for digital contact tracing. Note that some of the applications listed are ''website-only'' models or simulators, and some of those rely on (or use) real-time data from other sources. Models with the most scientific backing The sub-list contains simulators that are based on theoretical models. Due to the high number of pre-print research created and driving by the COVID-19 pandemic, especially newer models should only be considered with further scientific rigor. Simulations and models * Chen et al. simulation based on ''Bats-Hosts-Reservoir-People (BHRP) model'' (simplified to RP only) * CoSim19 – Prof Lehr, based on ''SEIRD model'' * COVID-19 MOBILITY MODELING – Stanford based on ''SEIR model'' * COVID-19 Simulator – Harvard Medical School based on a ''validated system dynamics (compartment) model'' * COVID ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mathematical Modelling Of Infectious Disease
Mathematical models can project how infectious diseases progress to show the likely outcome of an epidemic (including Plant disease forecasting, in plants) and help inform public health and plant health interventions. Models use basic assumptions or collected statistics along with mathematics to find parameters for various infectious diseases and use those parameters to calculate the effects of different interventions, like mass vaccination programs. The modelling can help decide which intervention(s) to avoid and which to trial, or can predict future growth patterns, etc. History The modelling of infectious diseases is a tool that has been used to study the mechanisms by which diseases spread, to predict the future course of an outbreak and to evaluate strategies to control an epidemic. The first scientist who systematically tried to quantify causes of death was John Graunt in his book ''Natural and Political Observations made upon the Bills of Mortality'', in 1662. The bills he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helmholtz Centre For Infection Research
The Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) is a publicly funded research institute based in Braunschweig, Germany. HZI is a member of the Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres, the largest non-university scientific organisation in Germany. The centre focuses on investigating infectious diseases caused by bacteria and viruses. Further research topics are the immune system and the development of novel anti-infective drugs. The HZI was founded on 18 July 2006 by renaming the Gesellschaft für Biotechnologische Forschung mbh (GBF, German Research Centre for Biotechnology). History The HZI's main campus is located in Braunschweig (Brunswick) in the state of Niedersachsen, Germany. The centre dates back to the year 1965. That year, the forerunner of the HZI, the Institute of Molecular Biology, Biochemistry and Biophysics (IMB), was founded by chemist Hans Herloff Inhoffen (1906-1992), with support from other scientists, including the Nobel Laureate Manfred Eigen. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johns Hopkins University
The Johns Hopkins University (often abbreviated as Johns Hopkins, Hopkins, or JHU) is a private university, private research university in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. Founded in 1876 based on the European research institution model, Johns Hopkins is considered to be the first research university in the U.S. The university was named for its first benefactor, the American entrepreneur and Quakers, Quaker philanthropist Johns Hopkins. Hopkins's $7 million bequest (equivalent to $ in ) to establish the university was the largest Philanthropy, philanthropic gift in U.S. history up to that time. Daniel Coit Gilman, who was inaugurated as :Presidents of Johns Hopkins University, Johns Hopkins's first president on February 22, 1876, led the university to revolutionize higher education in the U.S. by integrating teaching and research. In 1900, Johns Hopkins became a founding member of the Association of American Universities. The university has led all Higher education in the U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frontiers Media
Frontiers Media SA is a publisher of peer-reviewed, open access, scientific journals currently active in science, technology, and medicine. It was founded in 2007 by Kamila and Henry Markram. Frontiers is based in Lausanne, Switzerland, with offices in the United Kingdom, Spain, and China. In 2022, Frontiers employed more than 1,400 people, across 14 countries. All Frontiers journals are published under a Creative Commons Attribution License. In 2015, Frontiers Media was classified as a possible predatory publisher by Jeffrey Beall, though Beall's list was taken offline two years later in a decision that remains controversial. History The first journal published was ''Frontiers in Neuroscience'', which opened for submission as a beta release#Beta, beta version in 2007. In 2010, Frontiers launched a series of another 11 journals in medicine and science Science is a systematic discipline that builds and organises knowledge in the form of testable hypotheses and predictio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nextstrain
Nextstrain is a collaboration between researchers in Seattle, United States and Basel, Switzerland which provides a collection of open-source tools for visualising the genetics behind the spread of viral outbreaks. Its aim is to support public health measures and surveillance by facilitating understanding of the spread and evolution of pathogens. The Nextstrain platform was begun in 2015. Code developed by Nextstrain is made publicly available, via, for example GitHub, github.com and its data is available and viewable in accessible form via the pages at the website. Applications According to their website, the Nextstrain team maintains an up-to-date genomic analysis of each of the following pathogens: * Avian influenza * Dengue * Enterovirus D68 * Measles * Monkeypox virus * Mumps * SARS-CoV-2 * Seasonal influenza * Tuberculosis * West Nile virus * Western African Ebola virus epidemic, West African Ebola 2013-16 * Zika Covid-19 pandemic Nextstrain and its results have been wide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylogenetic Assignment Of Named Global Outbreak Lineages
The Phylogenetic Assignment of Named Global Outbreak Lineages (PANGOLIN) is a software tool developed by Dr. Áine O'Toole and members of the Andrew Rambaut laboratory, with an associated web application developed by the Centre for Genomic Pathogen Surveillance in South Cambridgeshire. Its purpose is to implement a dynamic nomenclature (known as the Pango nomenclature) to classify Lineage (genetic), genetic lineages for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. A user with a full genome sequence of a sample of SARS-CoV-2 can use the tool to submit that sequence, which is then compared with other genome sequences, and assigned the most likely lineage (Pango lineage). Single or multiple runs are possible, and the tool can return further information regarding the known history of the assigned lineage. Additionally, it interfaces with Microreact, to show a time sequence of the location of reports of sequenced samples of the same lineage. This latter feature draws on publicly available ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GISAID
GISAID (), the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data, previously the Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza Data, is a global science initiative established in 2008 to provide access to genomic data of influenza viruses. The database was expanded to include the coronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as other pathogens. The database has been described as "the world's largest repository of COVID-19 sequences". GISAID facilitates genomic epidemiology and real-time surveillance to monitor the emergence of new COVID-19 viral strains across the planet. Since its establishment as an alternative to sharing avian influenza data via conventional public-domain archives, GISAID has facilitated the exchange of outbreak genome data during the Influenza A virus subtype H1N1, H1N1 2009 swine flu pandemic, pandemic in 2009, the Influenza A virus subtype H7N9, H7N9 epidemic in 2013, the Coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19 COVID-19 pandemic, pandemic and the 2022� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Nucleotide Archive
The European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) is a repository providing free and unrestricted access to annotated nucleic acid sequence, DNA and RNA sequences. It also stores complementary information such as experimental procedures, details of Genome project#Genome assembly, sequence assembly and other metadata related to genome project, sequencing projects. The archive is composed of three main databases: the Sequence Read Archive, the Trace Archive and the EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database (also known as EMBL-bank). The ENA is produced and maintained by the European Bioinformatics Institute and is a member of the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC) along with the DNA Data Bank of Japan and GenBank. The ENA has grown out of the EMBL Data Library which was released in 1982 as the first internationally supported resource for nucleotide sequence data. As of early 2012, the ENA and other INSDC member databases each contained complete genomes of 5,682 organisms ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DNA Data Bank Of Japan
The DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ) is a biological database that collects DNA sequences. It is located at the National Institute of Genetics (NIG) in the Shizuoka prefecture of Japan. It is also a member of the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration or INSDC. It exchanges its data with European Molecular Biology Laboratory at the European Bioinformatics Institute and with GenBank at the National Center for Biotechnology Information on a daily basis. Thus these three databanks contain the same data at any given time. History DDBJ began data bank activities in 1987 at NIG and remains the only nucleotide sequence data bank in Asia. Organisation Although DDBJ mainly receives its data from Japanese researchers, it can accept data from contributors from any other country. DDBJ is primarily funded by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT). DDBJ has an international advisory committee which consists of nine members, 3 members e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Youyang Gu COVID Model
The Youyang Gu COVID-19 model (sometimes abbreviated YYG) is a computer software disease model A disease is a particular abnormal condition that adversely affects the structure or function of all or part of an organism and is not immediately due to any external injury. Diseases are often known to be medical conditions that are asso ... for Coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19 produced by independent data scientist #biography, Youyang Gu. The model is unique in applying machine learning to derive the basic reproduction number () from data published by Johns Hopkins University's Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE), and it seeks to minimize the error between its projections and CSSE data on the number of United States COVID-19 deaths. Use and endorsements Gu's model was one of seven featured in ''The New York Times'' survey of models and one of nine in ''FiveThirtyEight''s survey, was cited by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swiss Medical Weekly
The ''Swiss Medical Weekly'' is a peer-reviewed open access medical journal published by the SMW supporting association. It was established in 1871 as the ''Correspondenz-Blatt für Schweizer Aerzte'', then renamed to ''Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift'', before obtaining its current title in 2001. SMW was one of the first journals to adhere to the principles of Diamond open access (also known as Platinum Open Access). The editors-in-chief are Adriano Aguzzi and Gérard Waeber. Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in: * Directory of Open Access Journals * EMBASE * MEDLINE/PubMed * Science Citation Index Expanded According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 4.203. Important papers In 1957 Roland Kuhn published an observational study on the effectiveness of Imipramine in treating Depression (mood) Depression is a mental state of low Mood (psychology), mood and aversion to activity. It affects ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Physics
Social physics or sociophysics is a field of science which uses mathematical tools inspired by physics to understand the behavior of human crowds. In a modern commercial use, it can also refer to the analysis of social phenomena with big data. Social physics is closely related to econophysics, which uses physics methods to describe economics. History The earliest mentions of a concept of social physics began with the English philosopher Thomas Hobbes. In 1636 he traveled to Florence, Italy, and met physicist-astronomer Galileo Galilei, known for his contributions to the study of motion. It was here that Hobbes began to outline the idea of representing the "physical phenomena" of society in terms of the laws of motion. In his treatise ''De Corpore'', Hobbes sought to relate the movement of "material bodies" to the mathematical terms of motion outlined by Galileo and similar scientists of the time period. Although there was no explicit mention of "social physics", the sentiment of ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
