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Lighthouse And Informer
The ''Lighthouse and Informer'', originally the ''Charleston Lighthouse'', was an African American newspaper in South Carolina. It was founded by journalist John Henry McCray in 1939, and it merged with the ''Sumter Informer'' in 1941, when it moved from Charleston to Columbia. It supported racial equality, denounced separate but equal educational facilities and unequal teacher pay, sought to increase black civic engagement, and endorsed non-segregationist candidates for political office. Though it was a powerful newspaper, it suffered financial difficulties due to the conviction of McCray on libel and parole-related charges, and it declared bankruptcy and dissolved in 1954. Background A few years after graduating from college, John Henry McCray founded the ''Charleston Lighthouse'' in 1939. It was printed by one of McCray's associates in Savannah, Georgia, and distributed in Charleston, South Carolina. In the paper's earliest issues, it attacked the president and board of Alle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
African-American Newspapers
African-American newspapers (also known as the Black press or Black newspapers) are news publications in the United States serving African-American communities. Samuel Cornish and John Brown Russwurm started the first African-American periodical called '' Freedom's Journal'' in 1827. During the antebellum South, other African-American newspapers sprang forth, such as '' The North Star'' founded in 1847 by Frederick Douglass. As African Americans moved to urban centers around the country, virtually every large city with a significant African-American population soon had newspapers directed towards African Americans. These newspapers gained audiences outside African-American circles. In the 21st century, papers (like newspapers of all sorts) have shut down, merged, or shrunk in response to the dominance of the Internet in terms of providing free news and information, and providing cheap advertising. History Origins Most of the early African-American publications, such as '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pearl Harbor
Pearl Harbor is an American lagoon harbor on the island of Oahu, Hawaii, west of Honolulu. It was often visited by the Naval fleet of the United States, before it was acquired from the Hawaiian Kingdom by the U.S. with the signing of the Reciprocity Treaty of 1875. Much of the harbor and surrounding lands are now a United States Navy deep-water naval base. It is also the headquarters of the United States Pacific Fleet. The U.S. government first obtained exclusive use of the inlet and the right to maintain a repair and coaling station for ships here in 1887. The surprise attack by the Imperial Japanese Navy on December 7, 1941, led the United States to declare war on the Empire of Japan, making the attack on Pearl Harbor the immediate cause of the United States' entry into World War II. History Pearl Harbor was originally an extensive shallow embayment called ''Wai Momi'' (meaning, “Waters of Pearl”) or ''Puuloa'' (meaning, “long hill”) by the Hawaiians. Puuloa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osceola E
Osceola (1804 – January 30, 1838, Asi-yahola in Creek), named Billy Powell at birth in Alabama, became an influential leader of the Seminole people in Florida. His mother was Muscogee, and his great-grandfather was a Scotsman, James McQueen. He was reared by his mother in the Creek (Muscogee) tradition. When he was a child, they migrated to Florida with other Red Stick refugees, led by a relative, Peter McQueen, after their group's defeat in 1814 in the Creek Wars. There they became part of what was known as the Seminole people. In 1836, Osceola led a small group of warriors in the Seminole resistance during the Second Seminole War, when the United States tried to remove the tribe from their lands in Florida to Indian Territory west of the Mississippi River. He became an adviser to Micanopy, the principal chief of the Seminole from 1825 to 1849. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Progressive Democratic Party (South Carolina)
The Progressive Democratic Party was a political party in South Carolina in the 1940s. It was founded in 1944 by John Henry McCray, editor of the black newspaper ''The Lighthouse and Informer'' to galvanize blacks to register and vote. While it did not achieve electoral success, it did successfully get blacks to play an increasingly important role in Politics of South Carolina, South Carolina politics. Origin From the end of Reconstruction era of the United States, Reconstruction in 1877 to the 1960s, the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party was the only viable political party in South Carolina. It was essential for any politician seeking to hold a public office that they win the Democratic primary election, primary. The general election was predecided, because the South Carolina Republican Party never seriously contested an election and was little more than a patronage institution. The party was also increasingly hostile to blacks in the state, because the nationa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duvall V , people with the surname ''Duvall'' or ''DuVall''
{{disambig, geo ...
Duvall may refer to: Bands * Duvall, a pop/rock band signed to Asian Man Records Places United States * Duvall, Ohio, an unincorporated community * Duvall, Washington, a city * Duvall, Wisconsin, an unincorporated community Surnames * Duval (surname), people with the surname ''Duval'' * Duvall (surname) Duvall (also DuVall) is a French surname and an alternative spelling of "Duval", which literally translates from French to English as "of the valley". It derives from the Norman "Devall", which has both English and French ties. Variant spellings ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julius Waties Waring
Julius Waties Waring (July 27, 1880 – January 11, 1968) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of South Carolina who played an important role in the early legal battles of the American Civil Rights Movement. His dissent in ''Briggs v. Elliott'' was foundational to ''Brown v. Board of Education''. Biography Early life and education Waring was born in Charleston, South Carolina, to Edward Perry Waring and Anna Thomasine Waties. He graduated second in his class with an Artium Baccalaureus degree from the College of Charleston in 1900. Waring read law in 1901 and passed the South Carolina bar exam in 1902. He married his first wife, Annie Gammel, in 1913. Their only daughter was Anne Waring Warren, who died without children. The couple moved into a house at 61 Meeting St. in 1915. Career He was in private practice of law in Charleston from 1902 to 1942 and an Assistant United States Attorney in the Eastern Distr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thurgood Marshall
Thurgood Marshall (July 2, 1908 – January 24, 1993) was an American civil rights lawyer and jurist who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1967 until 1991. He was the Supreme Court's first African-American justice. Prior to his judicial service, he was an attorney who fought for civil rights, leading the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund. Marshall coordinated the assault on racial segregation in schools. He won 29 of the 32 civil rights cases he argued before the Supreme Court, culminating in the Court's landmark 1954 decision in '' Brown v. Board of Education'', which rejected the separate but equal doctrine and held segregation in public education to be unconstitutional. President Lyndon B. Johnson appointed Marshall to the Supreme Court in 1967. A staunch liberal, he frequently dissented as the Court became increasingly conservative. Born in Baltimore, Maryland, Marshall attended Lincoln University and the Howard Univ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Racial Segregation In The United States
In the United States, racial segregation is the systematic separation of facilities and services such as housing, healthcare, education, employment, and transportation on racial grounds. The term is mainly used in reference to the legally or socially enforced separation of African Americans from whites, but it is also used in reference to the separation of other ethnic minorities from majority and mainstream communities. While mainly referring to the physical separation and provision of separate facilities, it can also refer to other manifestations such as prohibitions against interracial marriage (enforced with anti-miscegenation laws), and the separation of roles within an institution. Notably, in the United States Armed Forces up until 1948, black units were typically separated from white units but were still led by white officers. Signs were used to indicate where African Americans could legally walk, talk, drink, rest, or eat. The U.S. Supreme Court upheld the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Press
Black Press Group Ltd. is a Canadian publisher of prominent daily newspapers in Hawaii and Alaska and numerous non-daily newspapers in Alberta and British Columbia, Canada, and (via Sound Publishing) the U.S. state of Washington. Black Press Media is headquartered in Surrey, British Columbia, and has regional offices in Victoria, Williams Lake, and Kelowna. The company was founded and is majority owned by David Holmes Black, who has no relation to Canadian-born media mogul Conrad Black. The company is 20% owned by Torstar, publisher of the ''Toronto Star'', and David Black's former employer. History After working as a junior business analyst for the ''Toronto Star'', Black purchased the ''Williams Lake Tribune'' of Williams Lake, British Columbia, from his father, Alan, in 1975. He bought a family-run newspaper in nearby Ashcroft in 1979, and his holdings expanded "exponentially" in the ensuing years. Though Black Press has focused its acquisitions mainly on building ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NAACP
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is a civil rights organization in the United States, formed in 1909 as an interracial endeavor to advance justice for African Americans by a group including W. E. B. Du Bois, Mary White Ovington, Moorfield Storey and Ida B. Wells. Leaders of the organization included Thurgood Marshall and Roy Wilkins. Its mission in the 21st century is "to ensure the political, educational, social, and economic equality of rights of all persons and to eliminate race-based discrimination". National NAACP initiatives include political lobbying, publicity efforts and litigation strategies developed by its legal team. The group enlarged its mission in the late 20th century by considering issues such as police misconduct, the status of black foreign refugees and questions of economic development. Its name, retained in accordance with tradition, uses the once common term ''colored people,'' referring to those with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Wright (author)
Richard Nathaniel Wright (September 4, 1908 – November 28, 1960) was an American author of novels, short stories, poems, and non-fiction. Much of his literature concerns racial themes, especially related to the plight of African Americans during the late 19th to mid-20th centuries suffering discrimination and violence. Literary critics believe his work helped change race relations in the United States in the mid-20th century. It was revealed in 2022 when documents on the JFK assassination were released, that Wright was killed by the CIA after “finishing a manuscript on use of American blacks by the government.” Early life and education Childhood in the South Richard Wright's memoir, ''Black Boy,'' covers the interval in his life from 1912 until May 1936. Richard Nathaniel Wright was born on September 4, 1908 at Rucker's Plantation, between the train town of Roxie and the larger river city of Natchez, Mississippi. He was the son of Nathan Wright (c. 1880–c. 1940) w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Native Son
''Native Son'' (1940) is a novel written by the American author Richard Wright. It tells the story of 20-year-old Bigger Thomas, a black youth living in utter poverty in a poor area on Chicago's South Side in the 1930s. While not apologizing for Bigger's crimes, Wright portrays a systemic causation behind them. Bigger's lawyer, Boris Max, makes the case that there is no escape from this destiny for his client or any other black American since they are the necessary product of the society that formed them and told them since birth who exactly they were supposed to be. "No American Negro exists", James Baldwin once wrote, "who does not have his private Bigger Thomas living in his skull." Frantz Fanon discusses the feeling in his 1952 essay ''L'expérience vécue du noir'' (''The Fact of Blackness''). "In the end", writes Fanon, "Bigger Thomas acts. To put an end to his tension, he acts, he responds to the world's anticipation." The book was a successful and groundbreaking best ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
