Lestodontinae
Mylodontinae is an extinct subfamily of ground sloths that lived from the Early Miocene to the Early Holocene epochs. Classification The classification of the Mylodontidae is complex and often under discussion. The most widely accepted subfamilies are the Mylodontinae with ''Mylodon'' as the type genus and the Lestodontinae, whose type genus is ''Lestodon'', which sometimes also includes ''Paramylodon'' and ''Glossotherium ''Glossotherium'' is an extinct genus of large mylodontid ground sloths of the subfamily Mylodontinae. It represents one of the best-known members of the family, along with ''Mylodon'' and '' Paramylodon''. Reconstructed animals were between ...'' (sometimes also listed as belonging to the tribes Mylodontini and Lestodontini. The subdivision of the terminal group of mylodonts into the Lestodontinae and Mylodontinae found confirmation in one of the most comprehensive studies of the phylogeny of sloths based on cranial features in 2004, which subsequentl ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Middle Miocene
The Middle Miocene is a sub-epoch of the Miocene epoch (geology), epoch made up of two Stage (stratigraphy), stages: the Langhian and Serravallian stages. The Middle Miocene is preceded by the Early Miocene. The sub-epoch lasted from 15.97 ± 0.05 Ma (million years ago) to 11.608 ± 0.005 Ma. During this period, a sharp drop in global temperatures took place. This event is known as the Middle Miocene disruption, Middle Miocene Climatic Transition. For the purpose of establishing European land mammal ages, this sub-epoch is equivalent to the Astaracian age. References External links GeoWhen Database - Middle Miocene Miocene, .02 Miocene geochronology, 02 Langhian, * Serravallian, * {{geochronology-stub ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Mylodon
''Mylodon'' is an extinct genus of ground sloth belonging to the family Mylodontidae, known from southern South America. With a total length of 3 to 4 m and a body mass of 1-2 tonnes, it is one of the largest mylodontids (though it was considerably exceeded in size by the mylodontid '' Lestodon''). The oldest finds probably date to the Lower Pleistocene; however, most of the fossil remains date to the Late Pleistocene. Its distribution ranged from southern Bolivia and the Pampas in the north southwards to the southernmost part of Patagonia at around 52- 53 degrees south, the furthest south of any Pleistocene ground sloth, with some of the best known remains of the species being from the eponymous Cueva del Milodon (cave of ''Mylodon'') in southern Chile. In addition to skeletal remains, ''Mylodon'' is also known from preserved skin and hair. Preserved dung (coprolites) indicates that ''Mylodon'' was a primarily a grazer, feeding on grasses and sedges. ''Mylodon'' has general ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Glossotherium
''Glossotherium'' is an extinct genus of large mylodontid ground sloths of the subfamily Mylodontinae. It represents one of the best-known members of the family, along with ''Mylodon'' and '' Paramylodon''. Reconstructed animals were between long and possibly weighed up to 1,002.6–1,500 kg. The majority of finds of ''Glossotherium'' date from the Middle and Upper Pleistocene, around 300,000 to 10,000 years ago, with a few dating older, as far back Pliocene, about 3.3-3 million years ago. The range included large parts of South America, east of the Andes roughly from latitude 20 to 40 degrees south, leaving out the Amazon Basin in the north. In western South America, finds are also documented north of the equator. The animals largely inhabited the open landscapes of the Pampas and northern savanna regions. Like other mylodonts, ''Glossotherium'' was adapted to a more or less grassy diet, as indicated by the broad snout and the design of the teeth. This view is confirmed ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Thinobadistes
''Thinobadistes'' is an extinct genus of ground sloth of the family Mylodontidae endemic to North America during the Miocene-Pliocene epochs (Hemphillian). It lived from 10.3 to 4.9 mya, existing for approximately . ''Thinobadistes'' and '' Pliometanastes'' were the first of the giant sloths to appear in N. America. Both ''Pliometanastes'' and ''Thinobadistes'' were in N. America before the Panamanian Land Bridge formed around 2.5 million years ago. It is then reasonable to presume that the ancestors of ''Thinobadistes'' island-hopped across the Central American Seaway from South America, where sloths in general first evolved. Description Two specimens of ''Thinobadistes'' have been estimated to weigh 948 kg and 1066 kg each. History and taxonomy The first reported discovery of ''Thinobadistes'' fossils came in 1887 when in Pleistocene deposits in Levy County, Florida, a member of the United States Geological Survey, possibly famous collector John Bell Hatcher, collected ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Magdalenabradys
''Magdalenabradys'' is an extinct genus of mylodontid ground sloths that lived during the Middle Miocene and Early Pliocene of what is now Colombia and Venezuela. Fossils have been found in the Villavieja Formation of the Honda Group in Colombia, and the Codore and Urumaco Formations of Venezuela. Discovery The first remains of ''Magdalenabradys'' were found in the Villavieja Formation of the Honda Group in the strata of the Tatacoa Desert of the Huila Department. The holotype of ''M. confusum'' was found about 9 km east of Villavieja and 2.5 km northeast of Hacienda Argentina, Huila. The holotype consisted of a crushed and distorted skull. The femur is based on eight specimens from six localities, including one femur from a partial skeleton that included a skull and mandible (specimens UCMP 3800, 37999). The cranium and partial mandible of both species were originally assigned to '' Bolivartherium urumaquensis''. Etymology The generic name, ''Magdalenabradys' ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Lestodon
''Lestodon'' is an extinct genus of giant ground sloth native to South America during the Pleistocene epoch. Its fossil remains have primarily been found in the Pampas and adjacent regions. The largest member of the family Mylodontidae, It is estimated to have weighed . It was a herbivore and primarily fed on the grasses and low-growing plants. Research history and taxonomy The genus ''Lestodon'' and the species ''Lestodon armatus'' was erected by Paul Gervais in 1855, based on a fragments of the upper and lower jaws with teeth found in Late Pleistocene deposits what is currently Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. The genus name, which means "thief tooth", is in reference to the large caniniform teeth at the front of the jaw. In 1934, a second species ''L. australis'' was erected by Lucas Kraglievich, but this is now regarded as a junior synonym of ''L. armatus''. In 2004, two additional species ''L. urumaquensis'' and ''L. codorensis'' were described based on fossils found in ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Lestobradys
''Lestobradys'' is an extinct genus of ground sloth (family Mylodontidae), which existed in Uruguay during the Late Miocene period; Huayquerian in the South American land mammal age (SALMA). The type species is ''L. sprechmanni'', found in the Camacho Formation of Uruguay.''Lestobradys'' at .org Etymology The genus name, ''Lestobradys'', is derived from ''lesto'', meaning "robber", which refers to the genus' morphological similarities to the Plio-Pleistocene '' Lestodon,'' while "''bradys''" means "slow" due to its common use in ground sloths. The specific name is after Uruguayan ...[...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Bolivartherium
''Bolivartherium'' is an extinct genus of mylodontine mylodontid sloth that lived during the Late Miocene and Late Pliocene in what is now Venezuela. Fossils have been found in the Codore and Urumaco Formations of Venezuela. Etymology The generic name, ''Bolivartherium'', is named in honour of Libertador Simón Bolívar, a Venezuelan military and political leader. The specific name is derived from the Urumaco Formation in which it was found in. A second species, ''B. codorensis'', was named in 2006 after the Codore Formation in which it was found in. Description ''Bolivartherium'' is a medium-sized mylodontine that was smaller than the quaternary species of '' Lestodon''. It can be distinguished from the latter in having a lower rostrum and the upper caniform which is more curved than in ''Lestodon'', much like ''Lestodon'' sp. from the Monte Hermoso Formation (Montehermosan) of Argentina. The diastema in front of the molariforms is elevated with respect to the occlusal pl ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |