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Leland Interactive Media
The Leland Corporation was an American video game company formed on June 5, 1987, from the assets of Cinematronics. It was a subsidiary of arcade and home game producer Tradewest, which acquired those assets out of the former company’s bankruptcy. After 1992, the company moved to development of home games to be published by Tradewest and other companies like Williams under the name Leland Interactive Media. In 1994, when WMS Industries acquired Tradewest, Leland was absorbed into their internal development. History Cinematronics Inc. was a manufacturer of arcade video games based in San Diego (later in the suburb of El Cajon). They notably introduced games utilizing vector graphics to the coin-op industry with '' Space Wars'' (1977) and the first successful Laserdisc game in '' Dragon’s Lair'' (1983). The company had gone bankrupt in August 1982 in the wake of several unsuccessful games and spent more than four years staving off foreclosure under Chapter 11 bankruptcy. ...
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Cinematronics
Cinematronics Incorporated was an arcade game video game developer, developer that primarily released vector graphics games in the late 1970s and early 1980s. While other companies released games based on raster graphics, raster displays, early in their history, Cinematronics and Atari, Inc. released vector-display games, which offered a distinctive look and a greater graphic capability (at the time), at the cost of being only black and white (initially). Cinematronics also published ''Dragon's Lair (1983 video game), Dragon's Lair'' in 1983, the first major LaserDisc video game. History Cinematronics Inc. was founded on April 1, 1975, by two players of the San Diego Chargers football team, Dennis Partee and Gary Garrison, as well as Jimmie Dale “Jim” Pierce (1937–2011) in San Diego, California. Garrison initially served as president until Pierce assumed that role. The company first entered the market creating clones of ''Pong'', selling them in the local area. Their fir ...
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Quarterback (video Game)
''Quarterback'' is a one- or two-player American football arcade game released by Leland in 1987 Events January * January 1 – Bolivia reintroduces the Boliviano currency. * January 2 – Chadian–Libyan conflict – Battle of Fada: The Military of Chad, Chadian army destroys a Libyan armoured brigade. * January 3 – Afghan leader .... On Offensive, the player chooses a strategy by selecting a play and maneuvering their quarterback through the right hole or leading the intended receiver with the passing target to complete a pass. On Defense, the objective is to outwit the opponent by choosing an alignment that will stop the offense while positioning the player's linebacker to fill the gap, sack the quarterback, or complete a pass. When kicking or punting, the wind is always a factor and the game clock comes into play near the end of each half. The game keeps track of over 15 categories of game play statistics. Each player's salary reflects their overall performance ...
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PlayStation
is a video gaming brand owned and produced by Sony Interactive Entertainment (SIE), a division of Japanese conglomerate Sony. Its flagship products consists of a series of home video game consoles produced under the brand; it also consists of handhelds, online services, magazines, and other forms of media. The brand began with the first PlayStation home console released in Japan in 1994 and worldwide the following year, which became the first console of any type to ship over 100 million units, which made PlayStation a globally recognized brand. Since then there have been numerous newer consoles—the most recent being the PlayStation 5 released in 2020—while there have also been a series of handheld consoles and a number of other electronics such as a media center and a smartphone. The main series of controllers utilized by the PlayStation series is the DualShock, a line of vibration-feedback gamepads. SIE also operate numerous online services like PlayStation Net ...
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Mad Dog McCree
''Mad Dog McCree'' is the first live-action laserdisc video game released by American Laser Games. It originally appeared as an arcade game in 1990. The game gained considerable attention for its live-action video style, bearing similarities to contemporary Hollywood Western films. Its success inspired a series of similar live-action rail shooter games in the following years. Gameplay In a series of stages, the player must shoot enemies before they fire, avoid shooting innocent bystanders, and reload each time their six-round revolver is depleted of bullets. Shooting a bystander or getting hit by a gunfighter results in the loss of one life out of three and is followed by a clip showing the town doctor commenting on the player's actions. However, this traditional light gun shooter gameplay is interspersed with "showdowns", which are fast draw duels that play the same as American Laser Games's later release '' Fast Draw Showdown''. The arcade version is equipped with a specia ...
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American Laser Games
American Laser Games was a company based in Albuquerque, New Mexico that created numerous light gun laserdisc video games featuring live action full motion video. The company was founded in the late 1980s by Robert Grebe, who had originally created a system to train police officers under the company name ICAT (Institute for Combat Arms and Tactics) and later adapted the technology for arcade games. Its first hit game was '' Mad Dog McCree'', a light gun shooter set in the American Old West. By mid-1995 they were recognized as the leading company in the medium of laserdisc-based arcade games. Almost all arcade games released by the company were light gun shooters and a number of them also had an Old West theme. American Laser arcade cabinets included a Sony Lasermax LaserDisc player to stream the video content, and an Amiga 500 computer to overlay on-screen graphics, and to control individual game logic. The computer was fitted with a bespoke interface to utilise the LaserDisc ...
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Multimedia
Multimedia is a form of communication that uses a combination of different content forms, such as Text (literary theory), writing, Sound, audio, images, animations, or video, into a single presentation. This is in contrast to traditional mass media, such as printed material or audio recordings, which only feature one form of media content. Popular examples of multimedia include video podcasts, audio slideshows, and animated videos. Creating multimedia content involves the application of the principles of effective interactive communication. The five main building blocks of multimedia are text, image, audio, video, and animation. Multimedia encompasses various types of content, each serving different purposes: * Text - Fundamental to multimedia, providing context and information. * Audio - Includes music, sound effects, and voiceovers that enhance the experience. Recent developments include spatial audio and advanced sound design. * Ima ...
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CD-ROM
A CD-ROM (, compact disc read-only memory) is a type of read-only memory consisting of a pre-pressed optical compact disc that contains computer data storage, data computers can read, but not write or erase. Some CDs, called enhanced CDs, hold both computer data and audio with the latter capable of being played on a CD player, while data (such as software or digital video) is only usable on a computer (such as ISO 9660 format PC CD-ROMs). During the 1990s and early 2000s, CD-ROMs were popularly used to distribute software and data for computers and fifth generation video game consoles. DVDs as well as downloading started to replace CD-ROMs in these roles starting in the early 2000s, and the use of CD-ROMs for commercial software is now rare. History The earliest theoretical work on optical disc storage was done by independent researchers in the United States including David Paul Gregg (1958) and James Russell (inventor), James Russel (1965–1975). In particular, Gregg's paten ...
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LaserDisc
LaserDisc (LD) is a home video format and the first commercial optical disc storage medium. It was developed by Philips, Pioneer Corporation, Pioneer, and the movie studio MCA Inc., MCA. The format was initially marketed in the United States in 1978 under the name DiscoVision, a brand used by MCA. As Pioneer took a greater role in its development and promotion, the format was rebranded LaserVision. While the LaserDisc brand originally referred specifically to Pioneer's line of players, the term gradually came to be used generically to refer to the format as a whole, making it a genericized trademark. The discs typically have a diameter of , similar in size to the phonograph record. Unlike most later optical disc formats, LaserDisc is not fully Digital data, digital; it stores an analog video signal. Many titles featured Compact Disc Digital Audio, CD-quality digital audio, and LaserDisc was the first home video format to support surround sound. Its 425 to 440 horizontal lin ...
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Virgin Interactive Entertainment
Avalon Interactive Group, Ltd., formerly known as Virgin Interactive Entertainment, was a British video game distributor based within Europe that formerly traded as the video game publishing and distributing division of British conglomerate the Virgin Group. During the company's time under the Virgin brand, they had developed and published games for major platforms and employed video game developer, developers, including Westwood Studios co-founder Brett Sperry and ''Earthworm Jim (video game), Earthworm Jim'' creators David Perry (game developer), David Perry and Doug TenNapel. Others include video game composer Tommy Tallarico and animators Bill Kroyer and Andy Luckey. Formed as Virgin Games in 1983, and built around a small development team called the Gang of Five, the company grew significantly after purchasing budget label Mastertronic in 1987. As Virgin's video game division grew into a multimedia powerhouse, it crossed over to other industries from toys to film to educatio ...
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Ataxx
''Ataxx'' (アタックス) is a strategy video game published in arcades by Leland Corporation in 1990. Two players compete on a seven-by-seven square grid. The object of the game is for a player to have a majority of the pieces on the board at the end, by converting as many of their opponent's pieces as possible. In a single-player game, the opponents are "bio-invaders from a different dimension." The concept was invented earlier by Dave Crummack and Craig Galley for the unreleased 1988 video game ''Infection''. Virgin Mastertronic licensed it to Leland as well as using the design in its own '' Spot: The Video Game'' released the same year as ''Ataxx''. There are numerous independently developed clones. Although ''Ataxx'' was sold as a video game and not with a physical game board, it can be played with a Reversi set. Gameplay Each player begins with two pieces (red for player 1 and blue for player 2). The game starts with the four pieces on the four corners of the boar ...
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Software Creations
Acclaim Studios Manchester (formerly Software Creations) was a British video game developer based in Manchester, England. The company was established in 1985 by Richard Kay. They were primarily known for their video games based on movie and comic licences like Marvel Comics, ''Cutthroat Island'', Disney's ''Beauty and the Beast'' and the original titles '' Plok!'', ''Solstice'', and its sequel ''Equinox''. History According to Richard Kay, Software Creations began in 1986 when Steve Ruddy responded to an advertisement he had placed in the ''Manchester Evening News'': Most of these early games were ports of budget titles to other platforms such as the Commodore 64, ZX Spectrum, Amiga, Atari ST, NES and the Game Boy. The company's breakthrough game was the Commodore 64 version of the arcade hit ''Bubble Bobble'', a conversion which won critical acclaim and commercial success, and led to Software Creations being asked to do many more ports of popular arcade games. By this time ...
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Rare (company)
Rare Limited is a British video game developer and a studio of Xbox Game Studios based in Twycross, Leicestershire. Rare's games span the platform, first-person shooter, action-adventure, fighting, and racing genres. Its most popular games include the '' Battletoads'', '' Donkey Kong'', and '' Banjo-Kazooie'' series, as well as games like '' GoldenEye 007'' (1997), '' Perfect Dark'' (2000), '' Conker's Bad Fur Day'' (2001), '' Viva Piñata'' (2006), and '' Sea of Thieves'' (2018). Tim and Chris Stamper, who also founded Ultimate Play the Game, established Rare in 1985. During its early years, Rare was backed by a generous budget from Nintendo, primarily concentrated on Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) games. During this time, Rare created successful games such as '' Wizards & Warriors'' (1987), '' R.C. Pro-Am'' (1988), and '' Battletoads'' (1991). Rare became a prominent second-party developer for Nintendo, which came to own a large minority stake in the company, w ...
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