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Lecanora Vainioi
''Lecanora vainioi'' is a species of crustose lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. It is found in Brazil, where it grows on granitic rocks. It was described as a new species in 1986 by Finnish botanist Heino Vänskä. The epithet ''vainioi'' honours lichenologist Edvard Vainio (1853–1929), who did pioneering work on the Brazilian lichens. Description The crust-like thallus of ''Lecanora vainioi'' ranges in colour from yellowish-white to very pale yellowish grey. The areolae are initially tightly attached (adnate) and cushion-shaped (pulvinate), but later merge so that the crust surface becomes irregularly wrinkled (verrucose) and partly rimose (containing clefts, cracks, or fissures). Secondary chemicals produced by the lichen include atranorin, epinorin, and zeorin. Habitat and distribution ''Lecanora vainioi'' grows on siliceous rocks and boulders. It prefers habitats that are near humid coasts, as well as woodland savannah A savanna or savannah is a mixed woo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crustose Lichen
Crustose lichens are lichens that form a crust which strongly adheres to the substrate (soil, rock, tree bark, etc.), making separation from the substrate impossible without destruction. The basic structure of crustose lichens consists of a cortex layer, an algal layer, and a medulla. The upper cortex layer is differentiated and is usually pigmented. The algal layer lies beneath the cortex. The medulla fastens the lichen to the substrate and is made up of fungal hyphae. The surface of crustose lichens is characterized by branching cracks that periodically close in response to climatic variations such as alternate wetting and drying regimes. Subtypes * Powdery – considered as the simplest subtype due to the absence of an organized thallus. :The thallus appears powdery. :E.g. Genera '' Lepraria'', ''Vezdaea'' * Endolithic – grows inside the rock, usually in interstitial spaces between mineral grains. The :upper cortex is usually developed. :E.g. Genus '' Lecidea'' * Epi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atranorin
Atranorin is a chemical substance produced by some species of lichen. It is a secondary metabolite belonging to a group of compounds known as depsides. Atranorin has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, antioxidant, antiviral, and immunomodulatory properties. In rare cases, people can react allergic Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, refer a number of conditions caused by the hypersensitivity of the immune system to typically harmless substances in the environment. These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic derm ... to atranorin. References Further reading * * * * Polyphenols Lichen products {{organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichen Species
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not s. They may have tiny, leafless branches ( fruticose); flat leaf-like structures ( [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lecanora
''Lecanora'' is a genus of lichen commonly called rim lichens.Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, Lichens in the genus '' Squamarina'' are also called rim lichens. Members of the genus have roughly circular fruiting discs (apothecia) with rims that have photosynthetic tissue similar to that of the nonfruiting part of the lichen body (thallus). Other lichens with apothecia having margins made of thallus-like tissue are called lecanorine. ''Lecanora'' has a crustose thallus, trebouxoid photobiont, colourless ascospores and crystals in the amphitecium. It is in the family Lecanoraceae in the suborder Lecanorineae. Species : *''Lecanora campestris'' (Schaer.) Hue 1888 *''Lecanora conizaeoides'' Nyl. ex Cromb. 1885 *''Lecanora gangaleoides'', Nyl. 1872 *''Lecanora grantii'', H. Magn. 1932 *'' Lecanora helicopis'', (Wahlenb. ex Ach.) Ach. 1814 *''Lecanora mellea'', W.A.Weber (1975) *''Lecanora muralis'', (Schreb.) Rabenh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Lecanora Species
This is a list of lichens in the genus '' Lecanora''. A 2008 estimate places over 550 species in the genus. , '' Index Fungorum'' lists 245 species in the genus, 8 subspecies, 4 varieties and 4 formae. A *'' Lecanora achroa'' *'' Lecanora achrooides'' *'' Lecanora addubitata'' *'' Lecanora aitema'' *'' Lecanora alba'' – Australia *'' Lecanora albella'' *'' Lecanora albellula'' *'' Lecanora albocaesiella'' *'' Lecanora alboflavida'' *''Lecanora alpigena'' *'' Lecanora andina'' *'' Lecanora annularis'' *'' Lecanora appalachensis'' *''Lecanora arafurensis'' – Australia *''Lecanora arenisaxicola'' *''Lecanora argentata'' *''Lecanora argentea'' *''Lecanora argopholis'' *''Lecanora arnhemica'' *''Lecanora arthothelinella'' *''Lecanora atrella'' *''Lecanora atroanima'' *''Lecanora atromarginata'' *'' Lecanora atrosulphurea'' *'' Lecanora atroviridis'' *'' Lecanora austrae-frigidae'' *'' Lecanora austro-oceanica'' *'' Lecanora austrocalifornica'' *'' L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Woodland Savannah
A savanna or savannah is a mixed woodland-grassland (i.e. grassy woodland) ecosystem characterised by the trees being sufficiently widely spaced so that the canopy does not close. The open canopy allows sufficient light to reach the ground to support an unbroken herbaceous layer consisting primarily of grasses. According to '' Britannica'', there exists four savanna forms; ''savanna woodland'' where trees and shrubs form a light canopy, ''tree savanna'' with scattered trees and shrubs, ''shrub savanna'' with distributed shrubs, and ''grass savanna'' where trees and shrubs are mostly nonexistent.Smith, Jeremy M.B.. "savanna". Encyclopedia Britannica, 5 Sep. 2016, https://www.britannica.com/science/savanna/Environment. Accessed 17 September 2022. Savannas maintain an open canopy despite a high tree density. It is often believed that savannas feature widely spaced, scattered trees. However, in many savannas, tree densities are higher and trees are more regularly spaced than in for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siliceous Rock
Siliceous rocks are sedimentary rocks that have silica (SiO2) as the principal constituent. The most common siliceous rock is chert; other types include diatomite. They commonly form from silica-secreting organisms such as radiolarians, diatoms, or some types of sponges Sponges, the members of the phylum Porifera (; meaning 'pore bearer'), are a basal animal clade as a sister of the diploblasts. They are multicellular organisms that have bodies full of pores and channels allowing water to circulate throug .... References Sedimentary rocks {{Petrology-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zeorin
Zeorin is a triterpene with the molecular formula C30H52O2 which occurs in many lichens A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Lichen products Pentacyclic compounds Alcohols Zeorin {{organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secondary Metabolites
Secondary metabolites, also called specialised metabolites, toxins, secondary products, or natural products, are organic compounds produced by any lifeform, e.g. bacteria, fungi, animals, or plants, which are not directly involved in the normal growth, development, or reproduction of the organism. Instead, they generally mediate ecological interactions, which may produce a selective advantage for the organism by increasing its survivability or fecundity. Specific secondary metabolites are often restricted to a narrow set of species within a phylogenetic group. Secondary metabolites often play an important role in plant defense against herbivory and other interspecies defenses. Humans use secondary metabolites as medicines, flavourings, pigments, and recreational drugs. The term secondary metabolite was first coined by Albrecht Kossel, a 1910 Nobel Prize laureate for medicine and physiology in 1910. 30 years later a Polish botanist Friedrich Czapek described secondary m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lecanoraceae
The Lecanoraceae are a family of lichenized fungi in the order Lecanorales. Species of this family have a widespread distribution. Taxonomy Lecanoraceae was circumscribed by German lichenologist Gustav Wilhelm Körber in 1855. Genera According to a 2017 estimate, Lecanoraceae contains 791 species distributed amongst 25 genera. *'' Adelolecia'' – 4 spp. *''Ameliella'' – 2 spp. *'' Bryodina'' – 2 spp. *'' Bryonora'' – 11 spp. *''Cladidium'' – 2 spp. *''Claurouxia'' – 1 sp. *'' Clauzadeana'' – 1 sp. *''Edrudia'' – 1 sp. *''Frutidella'' – 3 sp. *''Huea'' – 25 spp. *'' Japewiella'' – 7 spp. *''Lecanora'' – 550 spp. *'' Lecidella'' – 80 spp. *''Miriquidica'' – 25 spp. *'' Myriolecis'' – 34 spp. *''Myrionora'' – 2 spp. *'' Palicella'' – 3 spp. *'' Polyozosia'' – 42 spp. *''Protoparmeliopsis'' – 39 spp. *''Psorinia'' – 2 spp. *'' Pulvinora'' – 2 spp. *'' Punctonora'' – 1 sp. *'' Pyrrhospora'' – 8 spp. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Areolate
Lichens are composite organisms made up of multiple species: a fungal partner, one or more photosynthetic partners, and sometimes a basidiomycete yeast. They are regularly grouped by their external appearance – a characteristic known as their growth form. Lichenologists have described a dozen of these forms: areolate, byssoid, calicioid, cladoniform, crustose, filamentous, foliose, fruticose, gelatinous, leprose, placoidioid and squamulose. Of these, crustose, foliose and fruticose are the most commonly encountered. With the exception of calicioid lichens, growth forms are based on the appearance of the thallus, which is the vegetative (non-reproductive) part of the lichen. In most species, this form is determined by the lichen's fungal partner, though in a small number, it is instead the photobiont that determines the lichen's morphology. In some growth forms, the outermost layer of the thallus consists of tightly woven fungal . This layer, known as the cortex, may be foun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
