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Lagerstroemia Indica
''Lagerstroemia indica'', commonly known as a crape myrtle (also crepe myrtle, crêpe myrtle, or crepeflower), is a species of flowering plant in the genus ''Lagerstroemia'' of the family Lythraceae. It originated in China. It is an often multi-stemmed, deciduous tree with a wide spreading, flat topped, rounded, or even spike shaped open habit. The tree is a popular nesting shrub for songbirds and wrens. Description The bark is thin and about thick, smooth, pinkish-gray and mottled, shedding each year. Leaves also shed each winter, after spectacular color display, and bare branches re-leaf early in the spring; leaves are small, smooth-edged, circular or oval-shaped, and dark green changing to yellow and orange and red in autumn. Flowers, on different trees, are white, pink, mauve, purple or carmine with crimped petals, in panicles up to . Flowers give way to 6-capsuled, brown dehiscent fruits. CrapeMyrtleSummer.jpg, Crape myrtle during summer in Sombrerete, Mexico CrapeMyrt ...
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Carl Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming organisms. He is known as the "father of modern Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy". Many of his writings were in Latin; his name is rendered in Latin as and, after his 1761 ennoblement, as . Linnaeus was the son of a curate and was born in Råshult, in the countryside of Småland, southern Sweden. He received most of his higher education at Uppsala University and began giving lectures in botany there in 1730. He lived abroad between 1735 and 1738, where he studied and also published the first edition of his ' in the Netherlands. He then returned to Sweden where he became professor of medicine and botany at Uppsala. In the 1740s, he was sent on several journeys through Sweden to find and classify plants and animals. In the 1750s and 1760s, he co ...
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Cultivars
A cultivar is a kind of cultivated plant that people have selected for desired traits and which retains those traits when propagated. Methods used to propagate cultivars include division, root and stem cuttings, offsets, grafting, tissue culture, or carefully controlled seed production. Most cultivars arise from deliberate human manipulation, but some originate from wild plants that have distinctive characteristics. Cultivar names are chosen according to rules of the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP), and not all cultivated plants qualify as cultivars. Horticulturists generally believe the word ''cultivar''''Cultivar'' () has two meanings, as explained in '' Formal definition'': it is a classification category and a taxonomic unit within the category. When referring to a taxon, the word does not apply to an individual plant but to all plants that share the unique characteristics that define the cultivar. was coined as a term meaning "cultivated ...
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Sarusuberi
is a Japanese historical manga series written and illustrated by Hinako Sugiura, telling the story of Katsushika Ōi who worked in the shadow of her father Hokusai. It was adapted into an anime film directed by Keiichi Hara, that was released in 2015. The series is set in the Edo period and covers the careers of the painter Tetsuzo (Hokusai) and his daughter O-Ei from 1814 to O-Ei's mysterious disappearance in 1857. In the story, O-Ei is not credited for her own works. Title The Japanese title is , the Japanese name of ''Lagerstroemia indica''. Sugiura explained that Japanese culture remarked that the tree keeps blooming abundantly while its flowers fall. The author compared the vigor of the plant and that of ukiyo-e.First volume of the 1985 Jitsugyo no Nihonsha edition. Quoted in 1996 by Baku Yumemakura in Plot The ''manga'' story consists of episodes which are not necessarily connected to each other. They feature O-Ei and her life in Edo, as she works in the studio o ...
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Hinako Sugiura
was a Japanese manga artist and researcher in the lifestyles and convention (norm), customs of Japan's Edo period. Life Born Junko Suzuki in Minato, Tokyo, Minato, Tokyo, into a tradition-steeped family of kimono merchants, she studied design and took an increasing interest in old Japan. She attended Nihon University, but gave up her formal studies to pursue research under the direction of author Shisei Inagaki. Inagaki specialized in the Edo period and taught Sugiura how to do the background surveys that would later ensure the historical accuracy of her manga and other works. Sugiura was the assistant of Murasaki Yamada, a prominent feminist manga artist. Sugiura published her first manga, "Tsugen Muro no Ume," in the alternative manga magazine ''Garo'' in 1980. Her distinctive style drew heavily on ukiyo-e techniques and breathed life into her depictions of Edo-period life and customs, helping her win popularity as well as the Japan Cartoonists Association Award for her mang ...
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Tree Topping
Tree topping is the practice of removing whole tops of trees or large branches and/or trunks from the tops of trees, leaving stubs or lateral branches that are too small to assume the role of a terminal leader. Other common names for the practice include hat-racking, heading, rounding over, and tipping. Some species of trees are more likely to recover from topping than others. There are alternatives to topping that can help to achieve the same goals without damaging trees. Purpose Hundreds of large trees are topped each year, which causes significant stress and future safety issues. It has been shown through survey that the average person's knowledge on tree care is limited. Another popular misconception is that a topped tree will benefit from increased light penetration. The removal of a large portion of a tree's canopy can have detrimental effects. When a tree is topped, newly formed bark may be susceptible to sun scald (flora), sun scald. Prolonged exposure can severely damage ...
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Insecticidal Soap
Insecticidal soap is used to control many plant insect pests. Soap has been used for more than 200 years as an insect control. Because insecticidal soap works on direct contact with pests via the disruption of cell membranes when the insect is penetrated with fatty acids, the insect's cells leak their contents causing the insect to dehydrate and die. Insecticidal soap is sprayed on plants until the entire plant is saturated because the insecticidal properties of the soap occurs when the solution is wet. Soaps have a low mammalian toxicity and are therefore considered safe to be used around children and pets, and may be used in organic farming. Composition Insecticidal soap's active ingredient is most often a potassium salt of fatty acids. Insecticidal soap should be based on long-chain fatty acids (10–18 carbon atoms) because shorter-chain fatty acids tend to be damaging for the plant (phytotoxicity). Short (8-carbon) fatty-acid chains occur for example in coconut oil and s ...
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Flea Beetle
The flea beetle is any small, jumping beetle of the leaf beetle family (Chrysomelidae) that is part of the tribe (biology), tribe Alticini, which is part of the subfamily Galerucinae. Historically the flea beetles were classified as their own subfamily. Traditionally, the Alticini were separated from other Galerucinae by the presence of jumping hind legs, characterised by enlarged arthropod leg, femora containing a spring structure allowing the flea beetles to jump. Recent phylogenetic studies suggest that jumping hind legs evolved multiple times in the Galerucinae, rather than once, and that several genera should be transferred between Alticini and Galerucinae ''sensu stricto'' (or Galerucini in some classifications). Description and ecology The adults are very small to moderately sized Chrysomelidae (i.e. among beetles in general they are on the smallish side). They are similar to other leaf beetles, but characteristically have the hindleg femora greatly enlarged. These enla ...
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Japanese Beetles
The Japanese beetle (''Popillia japonica'') is a species of scarab beetle. Due to the presence of natural predators, the Japanese beetle is not considered a pest in its native Japan, but in North America and some regions of Europe, it is a noted pest to roughly 300 species of plants. Some of these plants include rose bushes, grapes, hops, canna, crape myrtles, birch trees, linden trees, and others. The adult beetles damage plants by skeletonizing the foliage (i.e., consuming only the material between a leaf's veins) as well as, at times, feeding on a plant's fruit. The subterranean larvae feed on the roots of grasses. Taxonomy English entomologist Edward Newman described the Japanese beetle in 1841. Description Adult ''P. japonica'' measure in length and in width, with iridescent copper-colored elytra and green thorax and head. A row of white tufts (spots) of hair project from under the wing covers on each side of the body. Males are slightly smaller than females. G ...
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Tinocallis Kahawaluokalani
''Tinocallis kahawaluokalani'', the crapemyrtle aphid, also known as ''Sarucallis (Tinocallis) kahawaluokalani'', is an aphid in the superfamily Aphidoidea in the order Hemiptera. It is a true bug and sucks sap from plants. It is most invasive aphids known from Crape myrtle. They were first discovered from Hawaii Hawaii ( ; ) is an island U.S. state, state of the United States, in the Pacific Ocean about southwest of the U.S. mainland. One of the two Non-contiguous United States, non-contiguous U.S. states (along with Alaska), it is the only sta .... References * http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Tinocallis_kahawaluokalani/classification/ * http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in663 * http://www.nbair.res.in/Aphids/Tinocallis kahawaluokalani.php * http://aphid.speciesfile.org/Common/basic/Taxa.aspx?TaxonNameID=1160222 * http://content.ces.ncsu.edu/crapemyrtle-aphid-sarucallis-tinocallis-kahawaluokalani/ Agricultural pest insects Insects of Hawaii Panaphidini Insects ...
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Cercospora Lythracearum
''Cercospora'' is a genus of ascomycete fungi. Most species have no known sexual stage, and when the sexual stage is identified, it is in the genus ''Mycosphaerella''. Most species of this genus cause plant diseases, and form leaf spots. It is a relatively well-studied genus of fungi, but there are countless species not yet described, and there is still much to learn about the best-known members of the genus. It has a cosmopolitan distribution worldwide. Selected species The GBIF accepts 837 species (as of July 2023); See also List of Cercospora species *'' Cercospora acetosella'' - found on sheep sorrel and other docks *''Cercospora aciculina'' *'' Cercospora agerati'' *'' Cercospora alabemensis'' *'' Cercospora alismatis'' *''Cercospora althaeina'' *''Cercospora angreci'' - causes leaf spot of orchids *''Cercospora angulata'' *'' Cercospora apii'' - causes leaf spot on celery, and found on other plants, including ''Impatiens'' * ''Cercospora apii'' f.sp. ''clerodendri'' *' ...
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Powdery Mildew
Powdery mildew is a fungus, fungal disease that affects a wide range of plants. Powdery mildew diseases are caused by many different species of Ascomycota, ascomycete fungi in the order Erysiphales. Powdery mildew is one of the easier plant diseases to identify, as the signs of the causal pathogen are quite distinctive. Infected plants display white powdery spots on the leaves and stems. This mycelial layer may quickly spread to cover all of the leaves. The lower leaves are the most affected, but the mildew can appear on any above-ground part of the plant. As the disease progresses, the spots get larger and denser as large numbers of asexual spores are formed, and the mildew may spread up and down the length of the plant. Powdery mildew grows well in environments with high humidity and moderate temperatures; greenhouses provide an ideal moist, temperate environment for the spread of the disease. This causes harm to agricultural and horticultural practices where powdery mildew may ...
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Lagerstroemia Indica × L
''Lagerstroemia'' (), commonly known as crape myrtle (also spelled crepe myrtle or crêpe myrtle), is a genus of around 50 species of deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs native to the Indian subcontinent, southeast Asia, northern Australia, and other parts of Oceania, cultivated in warmer climates around the world. It is a member of the family Lythraceae, which is also known as the loosestrife family. These flowering trees are beautifully colored and are often planted both privately and commercially as ornamentals. Etymology The genus ''Lagerstroemia'' was first described by Carl Linnaeus. It is named after Swedish merchant , a director of the Swedish East India Company, who supplied Linnaeus with plants he collected. Description Crape myrtles are chiefly known for their colorful and long-lasting flowers, which occur in summer. Most species of ''Lagerstroemia'' have sinewy, fluted stems and branches with a mottled appearance that arises from having bark that sheds through ...
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