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Kathashilpa Publishing House
Kathashilpa (literally 'The Art of the Word') of 19 Shyamacharan De Street, Calcutta, 700073 (now Kolkata), was founded in 1959 by Abani Ranjan Ray (1932–2008) and friends, including Indranath Majumdar. It became a rendezvous of radical intellectuals and artists of Calcutta, including those with extreme left sympathies. It was active for more than thirty years. Founding and history Abani Ranan Ray founded Kathashilpa in 1959 as a publishing company and a creative hub for various cultural activities, including drama and folk music. In the 1960s, it published three Bengali little magazines. In the mid-1980s, Abani Ranjan Ray, assisted by Dhiren Ray, published a science monthly called ''Anwesha'' ("Search"). A special science fiction number of Anwesha carried translations of writers like Ray Bradbury, Richard Sheckley and Arthur C. Clarke. Anwesha also published special issues on the Indian Chemist Sir Prafulla Chandra Ray and the physicist and plant-physiologist Sir Jagadish Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calcutta
Kolkata, also known as Calcutta (List of renamed places in India#West Bengal, its official name until 2001), is the capital and largest city of the Indian States and union territories of India, state of West Bengal. It lies on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River, west of the border with Bangladesh. It is the primary Financial centre, financial and Commercial area, commercial centre of Eastern India, eastern and Northeast India, northeastern India. Kolkata is the list of cities in India by population, seventh most populous city in India with an estimated city proper population of 4.5 million (0.45 crore) while its metropolitan region Kolkata Metropolitan Area is the List of million-plus agglomerations in India, third most populous metropolitan region of India with a metro population of over 15 million (1.5 crore). Kolkata is regarded by many sources as the cultural capital of India and a historically and culturally significant city in the historic Bengal, region of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Little Magazine Movement
The little magazine movement originated in the 1950s and 1960s in many Indian languages like Bengali, Tamil, Marathi, Hindi, Malayalam, Assamese and Gujarati, in the early part of the 20th century. Gujarati Little Magazines It is difficult to determine exact number but it can be estimated that during 1950s and 1980s there emereged nearly 100 little magazines in Gujarati from highly influential ones like Kshitij by Suresh Joshi and Re (Zreaygh) by Labhshankar Thaker and others to lesser know Dalit little magazines like Aakrosh by Neerav Patel and Evolution of Dalit literature and women's literature can be credited to the Little Magazine Movements. Little magazine movement in Marathi Little magazines of 1955 to 1975 The avant-garde modernist poetry burst upon the Marathi literary world with the poetry of B. S. Mardhekar in the mid-forties. The period 1955–1975 in Marathi literature is dominated by the little magazine movement. It ushered in modernism and the Dalit Li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Science Fiction
Science fiction (often shortened to sci-fi or abbreviated SF) is a genre of speculative fiction that deals with imaginative and futuristic concepts. These concepts may include information technology and robotics, biological manipulations, space exploration, time travel, Parallel universes in fiction, parallel universes, and extraterrestrials in fiction, extraterrestrial life. The genre often explores human responses to the consequences of projected or imagined scientific advances. Science fiction is related to fantasy (together abbreviated wikt:SF&F, SF&F), Horror fiction, horror, and superhero fiction, and it contains many #Subgenres, subgenres. The genre's precise Definitions of science fiction, definition has long been disputed among authors, critics, scholars, and readers. Major subgenres include hard science fiction, ''hard'' science fiction, which emphasizes scientific accuracy, and soft science fiction, ''soft'' science fiction, which focuses on social sciences. Other no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ray Bradbury
Ray Douglas Bradbury ( ; August 22, 1920June 5, 2012) was an American author and screenwriter. One of the most celebrated 20th-century American writers, he worked in a variety of genres, including fantasy, science fiction, Horror fiction, horror, mystery fiction, mystery, and Literary fiction, realistic fiction. Bradbury is best known for his novel ''Fahrenheit 451'' (1953) and his short-story collections ''The Martian Chronicles'' (1950), ''The Illustrated Man'' (1951), and ''The October Country'' (1955). Other notable works include the coming of age novel ''Dandelion Wine'' (1957), the dark fantasy ''Something Wicked This Way Comes (novel), Something Wicked This Way Comes'' (1962) and the fictionalized memoir ''Green Shadows, White Whale'' (1992). He also wrote and consulted on screenplays and television scripts, including ''Moby Dick (1956 film), Moby Dick'' and ''It Came from Outer Space''. Many of his works were adapted into television and film productions as well as comic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthur C
Arthur is a masculine given name of uncertain etymology. Its popularity derives from it being the name of the legendary hero King Arthur. A common spelling variant used in many Slavic, Romance, and Germanic languages is Artur. In Spanish and Italian it is Arturo. Etymology The earliest attestation of the name Arthur is in the early 9th century Welsh-Latin text '' Historia Brittonum'', where it refers to a circa 5th century Romano-British general who fought against the invading Saxons, and who later gave rise to the famous King Arthur of medieval legend and literature. A possible earlier mention of the same man is to be found in the epic Welsh poem '' Y Gododdin'' by Aneirin, which some scholars assign to the late 6th century, though this is still a matter of debate and the poem only survives in a late 13th century manuscript entitled the Book of Aneirin. A 9th-century Breton landowner named Arthur witnessed several charters collected in the '' Cartulary of Redon''. The Irish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prafulla Chandra Ray
Sir Prafulla Chandra Ray (also spelled Prafulla Chandra Roy; ''Prôphullô Côndrô Rāẏ''; 2 August 1861 – 16 June 1944) was an Indian chemist, educationist, historian, industrialist and philanthropist. He established the first modern Indian research school in chemistry (post classical age) and is regarded as the Father of Indian Chemistry. The Royal Society of Chemistry honoured his life and work with the first ever Chemical Landmark Plaque outside Europe. He was the founder of Bengal Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals, India's first pharmaceutical company. He is the author of '' A History of Hindu Chemistry from the Earliest Times to the Middle of the Sixteenth Century'' (1902). Biography Family background Prafulla Chandra Ray was born in the village of Raruli-Katipara, then in Jessore District (now Dighalia, Khulna), in the eastern region of the Bengal Presidency of British India (now Bangladesh) to a Bengali Hindu family. He was the third child and son of Harish Chan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jagadish Chandra Bose
Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose (; ; 30 November 1858 – 23 November 1937) was a polymath with interests in biology, physics and writing science fiction. He was a pioneer in the investigation of radio microwave optics, made significant contributions to botany, and was a major force behind the expansion of experimental science on the Indian subcontinent. Bose is considered the father of Bengali science fiction. Bose (crater), A crater on the Moon was named in his honour. He founded the Bose Institute, a premier research institute in India and also one of its oldest. Established in 1917, the institute was the first interdisciplinary research centre in Asia. He served as the Director of Bose Institute from its inception until his death. Born in Mymensingh, Bengal Presidency (present-day Bangladesh), during British Raj, British governance of India, Bose graduated from St. Xavier's College, Calcutta (now Kolkata, West Bengal, India). Prior to his enrollment at St. Xavier's College, Calcut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naxalbari
Naxalbari ( Bengali: ''Nôkśālbāṛi'', ; also spelled Naksalbari) is a village in the Naxalbari CD block in the Siliguri subdivision of the Darjeeling district in the state of West Bengal, India. Naxalbari is known for being the site of a 1967 revolt that eventually led to the Naxalite–Maoist insurgency. History Naxalbari became famous for being the site of a left-wing poor peasants uprising in 1967, which began with the "land to tiller" slogan, an uprising continuing to this day (see Naxalite). The Naxalbari uprising was triggered on 25 May 1967 at Bengai Jote village in Naxalbari when the police opened fire on a group of villagers who were demanding their right to the crops at a particular piece of land. The firing killed 9 adults and 2 unknown children. The CPI (ML) have put up busts of Lenin, Stalin, Mao and Charu Majumder on that piece of land. The spot has Bengai Jote Primary School next to it. There is a memorial column erected that has the names of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naxalite
Naxalism is the communist ideology of the Naxalites or Naxals, a grouping of political and insurgent groups from India. It is influenced by Maoist political sentiment and ideology. Inspired by Maoism, Charu Majumdar wrote the Historic Eight Documents, which became the basis of Naxalism. Charu Majumdar, Majumdar, Kanu Sanyal, and Jangal Santhal formed a faction of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) that called for a protracted people's war. The Naxalite–Maoist insurgency started after Naxalbari uprising, a 1967 uprising in the village of Naxalbari, West Bengal. The ideology takes its name from the village. After the uprising, Sanyal established the Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist). Majumdar's writings became popular in urban areas. As students in Calcutta began to join the Naxalite movement, Majumdar shifted the ideology's focus beyond rural areas. The Naxalites splintered into List of Naxalite and Maoist groups in India, various groups supportive of Maoist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Emergency (India)
The Emergency in India was a 21-month period from 1975 to 1977 when Prime Minister Indira Gandhi declared a state of emergency across the country by citing internal and external threats to the country. Officially issued by President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed under Article 352 of the Constitution because of a prevailing "Internal Disturbance", the Emergency was in effect from 25 June 1975 and ended on 21 March 1977. The order bestowed upon the prime minister the authority to rule by decree, allowing elections to be cancelled and civil liberties to be suspended. For much of the Emergency, most of Gandhi's political opponents were imprisoned and the press was censored. More than 100,000 political opponents, journalists and dissenters were imprisoned by the Gandhi regime. During this time, a mass campaign for vasectomy was spearheaded by her son Sanjay Gandhi. The final decision to impose an emergency was proposed by Indira Gandhi, agreed upon by the President of India, and r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Satyajit Ray
Satyajit Ray (; 2 May 1921 – 23 April 1992) was an Indian film director, screenwriter, author, lyricist, magazine editor, illustrator, calligraphy, calligrapher, and composer. He is widely considered to be one of the greatest and most influential film directors in the history of cinema. He is celebrated for works including ''The Apu Trilogy'' (1955–1959), Jalsaghar, ''The Music Room'' (1958), Mahanagar, ''The Big City'' (1963)'', Charulata'' (1964), and the ''Goopy–Bagha'' trilogy (1969–1992). Ray was born in Calcutta to author Sukumar Ray and Suprabha Ray. Starting his career as a commercial artist, Ray was drawn into independent film, independent film-making after meeting French filmmaker Jean Renoir and viewing Vittorio De Sica's Italian neorealism, Italian neorealist film ''Bicycle Thieves'' (1948) during a visit to London. Ray directed 36 films, including feature films, documentaries, and short subject, shorts. Ray's first film, (1955), won eleven international ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1959 Establishments In West Bengal
Events January * January 1 – Cuba: Fulgencio Batista flees Havana when the forces of Fidel Castro advance. * January 2 – Soviet lunar probe Luna 1 is the first human-made object to attain escape velocity from Earth. It reaches the vicinity of Earth's Moon, where it was intended to crash-land, but instead becomes the first spacecraft to go into heliocentric orbit. * January 3 ** Alaska is admitted as the 49th U.S. state. ** The southernmost island of the Maldives archipelago, Addu Atoll, declares its independence from the Kingdom of the Maldives, initiating the United Suvadive Republic. * January 4 ** In Cuba, rebel troops led by Che Guevara and Camilo Cienfuegos enter the city of Havana. ** Léopoldville riots: At least 49 people are killed during clashes between the police and participants of a meeting of the ABAKO Party in Kinshasa, Léopoldville in the Belgian Congo. * January 6 – The International Maritime Organization is inaugurated. * January 7 – The United ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
