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Krajowa Rada Radiofonii I Telewizji
The National Broadcasting Council (Polish language , Polish: ''Krajowa Rada Radiofonii i Telewizji'', KRRiT, lit. ''State Council of Radio and Television'') is the Poland, Polish broadcasting regulator, which issues radio and television broadcast licenses, ensures compliance with the law by public broadcasters, and indirectly controls state-owned media. It is roughly equivalent to the Federal Communications Commission in the United States. KRRiT is an independent agency, with powers specified directly in the Polish Constitution, and members elected by the President and each of the chambers of the Parliament for 6-year terms. It was created in 1992 to manage the public media, previously tightly controlled by the state, and regulate private broadcasting, which was then emerging. The direct constitutional empowerment, election of members for very long terms by various branches of the government, and requirement that the KRRiT members can't belong to a political party, give it very ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Council Of Ministers (Poland)
The Council of Ministers () is the Central government, central collective body of the Executive (government), executive government of Poland. The cabinet consists of the Prime Minister of Poland, Prime Minister, also known as the President of the Council of Ministers (), the Deputy Prime Minister of Poland, Deputy Prime Minister, who acts as a vice-chairman of the council, and other ministers. The current competences and procedures of the cabinet are described between Articles 146 to 162 of the Constitution of Poland, constitution. Nomination The process of forming the Council of Ministers begins with the nomination of the prime minister by the President of Poland.Article 154, para. 1 The prime minister will then propose the composition of the cabinet, which must then be approved by the president. Despite the president's nominating role in choosing a prime minister and approving the composition of the cabinet, however, the presidency's role is strictly limited, as the president ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Television
Television in Poland was Timeline of the introduction of television in countries, introduced on an experimental basis in 1937. It was state owned, and was interrupted by the Second World War in 1939. Television returned to Poland in 1952 and for several decades was controlled by the communist government. Colour television was introduced in Poland in 1971. Private television stations in Poland appeared around the time of the fall of communism, with PTV Echo (once a member of the local channels of Polonia 1) becoming the first private station in Poland (and in the former Eastern Bloc). Terrestrial Terrestrial television in Poland broadcasts using a digital DVB-T system. First test DVB-T emission was carried out in Warsaw on 9 November 2001. In April 2004, first DVB-T transmitter near Rzeszów started operation and local Telewizja Polska, TVP division started to market set-top boxes allowing to receive it. As of July 2016, there are about 250 DVB-T transmitters operating in Polan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mass Media In Poland
The mass media in Poland consist of several different types of communications media including television, radio, cinema, newspapers, magazines, and Internet. The media landscape is very pluralistic but highly polarized along political and ideological divides. The media landscape According to the 2023 report by Warsaw-based media monitoring firm Instytut Monitorowania Mediów (IMM), the most quoted media outlet was RMF FM radio followed by Wirtualna Polska news portal, Rzeczpospolita daily, TVN24 news station and Radio Zet.The Internet penetration of Poland stands at around 92%. According to the Digital News Report by the Reuters Institute, the top 5 most popular online news outlets in 2023 were: Onet, Wirtualna Polska, TVN24.pl, Interia and RMF24.pl. The government is working to increase broadband internet service. The major print, radio and television outlets have online editions. Online-only portals publishing a mix of news and entertainment content are among the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Agencies Established In 1993
A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a means by which organizational policies are enforced, as well as a mechanism for determining policy. In many countries, the government has a kind of constitution, a statement of its governing principles and philosophy. While all types of organizations have governance, the term ''government'' is often used more specifically to refer to the approximately 200 independent national governments and subsidiary organizations. The main types of modern political systems recognized are democracies, totalitarian regimes, and, sitting between these two, authoritarian regimes with a variety of hybrid regimes. Modern classification systems also include monarchies as a standalone entity or as a hybrid system of the main three. Historically prevalent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rywin Affair
The Rywin affair () was a corruption scandal in Poland, which began in late 2002 while the post-communist government of the SLD (Democratic Left Alliance) was in power. It is named after Polish film producer Lew Rywin, who was a key figure. Chain of events On 22 July 2002, Lew Rywin called at the office of Adam Michnik, editor of Poland's largest daily newspaper, ''Gazeta Wyborcza''. Rywin sought a bribe of 17.5 million USD to arrange a change to a draft law aimed at limiting the print media's influence on radio and television, which would have been in Michnik's favour; the original draft would have prevented the paper's publishing house, Agora S.A. from taking over the private TV station Polsat or the second channel of Poland's public TV broadcaster Telewizja Polska. Rywin said he was acting on behalf of what he called a "group in power" which wanted to remain anonymous but possibly included then prime minister Leszek Miller of the post-communist Alliance of the Democratic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lew Rywin
Lew Rywin (born 10 November 1945 in a Nizhnyeye Alkeyevo, USSR) is a Polish film producer associated with Heritage Films (est. 1991). He has also been a member of the State Council of Radio and Television and worked in an agency, Poltel, and producing for Polish state-run TV. He participated in producing films such as Steven Spielberg's ''Schindler's List'', Roman Polański's '' The Pianist'', Jan Jakub Kolski's '' Pornografia'' and Marek Brodzki's '' The Hexer'', based on '' The Witcher'' books by Andrzej Sapkowski. His last film was never produced. It was about the life of Holocaust survivor Herman Rosenblat (with producers Harris Salomon and Abi Sirokh). The film was titled ''Love is a Survivor'' and was later changed to ''The Flower of the Fence''. Altogether, he has served in a producer role in the making of 27 movies. In 2002, he was a key figure in the Rywin affair, a major corruption scandal in Poland. Filmography * 1997 : '' An Air So Pure'' (Executive Producer) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polsat
Polsat is a Polish free-to-air television channel that was launched on 5 December 1992 by Zygmunt Solorz-Żak. , it is the most watched television channel in Poland with a market share of 11.30% Polsat belongs to Grupa Polsat Plus ( WSE: CPS), which also owns other channels. In the wake of communism's downfall, Polsat launched in 1993 the first independent television news service in Central and Eastern Europe, revolutionizing the media landscape. On 27 February 2019, the longest-running graphic design (2006–2019) was changed to a new one, and the station's logo was changed again as part of a major overhaul in 2021; however, the sun concept of the logo has remained. A high-definition simulcast feed of Polsat HD was available from 1 September 2009 until 2021. History 1992–1994 When Polsat was in its planning stages, the network was practically unheard of. Network representative Piotr Nurowski together with its first head of feature films Oskar Sobański, entered the e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gazeta Wyborcza
(; ''The Electoral Gazette'' in English) is a Polish nationwide daily newspaper based in Warsaw, Poland. It was launched on 8 May 1989 on the basis of the Polish Round Table Agreement and as a press organ of the Solidarity (Polish trade union), trade union "Solidarity" in the election campaign before the Contract Sejm. Initially created to cover Poland's first partially free parliamentary elections, it rapidly grew into a major publication, reaching a circulation of over 500,000 copies at its peak in the 1990s. It is published by Agora (company), Agora, with its original editor-in-chief Adam Michnik, appointed by Lech Wałęsa, is one of Poland's newspaper of record, newspapers of record, covering the gamut of political, international and general news from a Leftism, left-Liberalism, liberal perspective. ''Gazeta Wyborcza'' also publishes thematic supplements addressing topics such as economy, law, education, and health, including ''Duży Format'', ''Co Jest Grane 24'', and ''Wys ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RMF FM
RMF FM (abbreviation to ''Radio Muzyka Fakty FM'', translation: ''Radio Music Facts FM''; previously: ''Radio Małopolska Fun FM''; translation: ''Radio Lesser Poland Fun FM'') is the first commercial radio station in Poland, currently broadcasting in Adult contemporary music, AC radio format. RMF FM started broadcasting on 15 January 1990 in Kraków. The current director is Tadeusz Sołtys. The radio is wholly owned by the German Bauer Verlagsgruppe. It is the first private radio station in Poland and is available throughout the country. History Origin The main founder of the radio was Stanislaw Tyczynski, who initiated Radio Solidarność Małopolska (Solidarity Radio Lesser Poland) in 1981. From 1984 until 1989, he lived in France. After returning to Kraków on 9 June 1989, together with a group of Solidarity (Polish trade union), Solidarity activists, he established the Krakowska Fundacja Komunikacji Społecznej (KFKS, Kraków Foundation of Social Communication), aimin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lech Kaczyński
Lech Aleksander Kaczyński (; 18 June 194910 April 2010) was a Polish politician who served as the city mayor of Warsaw from 2002 until 2005, and as President of Poland from 2005 until his death in 2010 in an air crash. The aircraft carrying him and senior Polish officials had crashed while they were travelling to attend ceremonies marking the 70th anniversary of the Katyn massacre. Prior to his tenure as president, Kaczyński served as President of the Supreme Audit Office from 1992 to 1995 and later Minister of Justice and Public Prosecutor General in Jerzy Buzek's cabinet from 2000 until his dismissal in July 2001. Born in Warsaw, he starred in a 1962 Polish film, ''The Two Who Stole the Moon'', with his identical twin brother Jarosław Kaczyński, Jarosław. Kaczyński was a graduate of law and administration of Warsaw University. In 1980, he was awarded his Ph.D. by Gdańsk University. In 1990, he completed his habilitation in labour and employment law. He later assum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leszek Miller
Leszek Cezary Miller (Polish pronunciation: ; born 3 July 1946) is a Polish politician who served as prime minister of Poland from 2001 to 2004. He has served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) in 2019–2024. From 1989 to 1990, Miller was a member of the Politburo of the Polish United Workers' Party. He was the leader of the Democratic Left Alliance (Poland), Democratic Left Alliance from 1999 to 2004 and again from 2011 to 2016. Childhood and youth Leszek Miller is the great-grandson of Eliasz, son of Mośek and Sura Miller, born in 1840 in Kutno. Eliasz Miller converted from Judaism to Christianity in 1869 in Nieborów. Leszek Miller was born in Żyrardów, Miller comes from a poor, working-class family: His father was a tailor and his mother a needlewoman. His parents broke up when Miller was six months old. His father, Florian Miller left the family and Leszek has never maintained any contact with him. His mother brought him up in a religious spirit – followin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
