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Kordofanian Languages
The Kordofanian languages are a geographic grouping of five language groups spoken in the Nuba Mountains of the South Kordofan region of Sudan: Talodi–Heiban languages, Lafofa languages, Rashad languages, Katla languages and Kadu languages. The first four groups are sometimes regarded as branches of the hypothetical Niger–Congo family, whereas Kadu is now widely seen as a branch of the proposed Nilo-Saharan family. History In 1963, Joseph Greenberg added them to the Niger–Congo family, creating his Niger–Kordofanian proposal. The Kordofanian languages have not been shown to be more distantly related than other branches of Niger–Congo, however, and they have not been shown to constitute a valid group. Today, the Kadu languages are excluded, and the others are usually included in Niger–Congo proper. Roger Blench notes that the Talodi and Heiban families have the noun class systems characteristic of the Atlantic–Congo core of Niger–Congo but that the two K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mande Languages
The Mande languages are a family of languages spoken in several countries in West Africa by the Mandé peoples. They include Maninka (Malinke), Mandinka, Soninke, Bambara, Kpelle, Jula (Dioula), Bozo, Mende, Susu, and Vai. There are around 60 to 75 languages spoken by 30 to 40 million people, chiefly in Burkina Faso, Mali, Senegal, The Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire) and also in southern Mauritania, northern Ghana, northwestern Nigeria and northern Benin. The Mande languages show a few lexical similarities with the Atlantic–Congo language family, so together they have been proposed as parts of a larger Niger–Congo language family since the 1950s. However, the Mande languages lack the noun-class morphology that is the primary identifying feature of the Atlantic–Congo languages. Accordingly, linguists increasingly treat Mande and Atlantic–Congo as independent language families. History Various opinions exis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tegali Language
Tegali (also spelled ''Tagale, Tegele, Tekele, Togole'') is a Kordofanian language in the Rashad family, which is thought by some to belong to the hypothetical Niger–Congo phylum (Greenberg 1963, Schadeberg 1981, Williamson & Blench 2000). It is spoken in South Kordofan state, Sudan. Classification The Rashad family of language consists of two dialect clusters, Tegali and Tagoi, which share about 70% basic vocabulary on the 100-word Swadesh list. They are spoken on two mountain ranges to the north and north-west of Rashad. These languages are spoken in the Tegali Hills in the north-east of the Nuba Mountains, the home of the former "Tegali Kingdom". The most conspicuous difference between the two dialect clusters is that Tagoi has a complex system of noun classes while Tegali does not. Different explanations exist for why Tegali dialects lack a noun class system. Greenberg (1963) excludes the possibility of mass borrowing of basic vocabulary in Tagoi and assumes the loss of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tagoi Language
The Tagoi language is a Kordofanian language, closely related to Tegali, spoken near the town of Rashad in southern Kordofan in Sudan, about 12 N, 31 E. Unlike Tegali, it has a complex noun class system, which appears to have been borrowed from more typical Niger–Congo languages. It has several dialects, including Umali (Tumale), Goy (Tagoi proper), Moreb, and Orig (, Turjuk). Villages are Moreb, Tagoi, Tukum, Tuling, Tumale, Turjok, and Turum (''Ethnologue'', 22nd edition). The following describes the Orig dialect. Phonology The consonants are: Stops are automatically voiced as , between two non-obstruents (obstruents = stops or fricatives.) Stops and sonorants may occur geminate. Some consonant clusters are allowed (almost invariably two-consonant), most involving sonorants; prenasalised ones are particularly common. are found in some Arabic loanwords. The vowel system is unclear; phonetically, it seems to be basically: . There seem to be three phonemic tones: h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rashad Language
Tegali (also spelled ''Tagale, Tegele, Tekele, Togole'') is a Kordofanian language in the Rashad family, which is thought by some to belong to the hypothetical Niger–Congo phylum (Greenberg 1963, Schadeberg 1981, Williamson & Blench 2000). It is spoken in South Kordofan state, Sudan. Classification The Rashad family of language consists of two dialect clusters, Tegali and Tagoi, which share about 70% basic vocabulary on the 100-word Swadesh list. They are spoken on two mountain ranges to the north and north-west of Rashad. These languages are spoken in the Tegali Hills in the north-east of the Nuba Mountains, the home of the former "Tegali Kingdom". The most conspicuous difference between the two dialect clusters is that Tagoi has a complex system of noun classes while Tegali does not. Different explanations exist for why Tegali dialects lack a noun class system. Greenberg (1963) excludes the possibility of mass borrowing of basic vocabulary in Tagoi and assumes the loss of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Katla Language
Katla (also ''Kaalak'' or ''Kwaalak'') is a Katla language, closely related to a neighbouring language called Tima. Katla is generally classified as Kordofanian, which is not a uniform branch, and is native to the Nuba Mountains. While Jalad is seen a dialect there is a clear distinction between the two groups. Similarly one can distinguish Katla into east and west Katla dialects, it is believed to be spoken in 11 villages around Jebel Katla and their ethnicity is kàlàk. The variety Julud is mutually intelligible In linguistics, mutual intelligibility is a relationship between different but related language varieties in which speakers of the different varieties can readily understand each other without prior familiarity or special effort. Mutual intellig ... with Katla-Kulharong but not with Katla-Cakom. Phonology Consonants Sounds and �occur as realizations of /s/. Vowels /i, u/ can also be realized as �, ʊ Nouns Plural Most of the time nouns in Kat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orig Language
The Tagoi language is a Kordofanian language, closely related to Tegali, spoken near the town of Rashad in southern Kordofan in Sudan, about 12 N, 31 E. Unlike Tegali, it has a complex noun class system, which appears to have been borrowed from more typical Niger–Congo languages. It has several dialects, including Umali (Tumale), Goy (Tagoi proper), Moreb, and Orig (, Turjuk). Villages are Moreb, Tagoi, Tukum, Tuling, Tumale, Turjok, and Turum (''Ethnologue'', 22nd edition). The following describes the Orig dialect. Phonology The consonants are: Stops are automatically voiced as , between two non-obstruents (obstruents = stops or fricatives.) Stops and sonorants may occur geminate. Some consonant clusters are allowed (almost invariably two-consonant), most involving sonorants; prenasalised ones are particularly common. are found in some Arabic loanwords. The vowel system is unclear; phonetically, it seems to be basically: . There seem to be three phonemic tones: h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koalib Language
Koalib (also called Kwalib, Abri, Lgalige, Nirere and Rere) is a Niger–Congo language in the Heiban family spoken in the Nuba Mountains of southern Sudan.Ethnologue report for language code: kib, retrieved on Apr. 12, 2010. The Koalib Nuba, Turum and Umm Heitan ethnic groups speak this language. Dialects and locations Koalib dialects and locations (''Ethnologue'', 22nd edition): *''Nginyukwur'' dialect: Hadra, Nyukwur, and Umm Heitan *''Ngirere'' dialect: Abri area *''Ngunduna'' dialect: Koalib hills area *''Nguqwurang'' dialect: Turum and ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tima Language
Tima is one of the two languages in the Katla language family. It is spoken by the Tima people in Central Sudan. Language Name The name of the language originates from one of the village's names in which Tima is spoken: tɨmmʌ. It is often used by people who live near to but are not part of the Tima-community and in linguistic contexts. From what is known about this name, there is no negative connotation to it. While the name 'Tima' is often used, the native speakers refer to Tima as 'du-murik'. Other names used for this language are Lomorik, Tamanik and Yibwa. Native Speakers Tima is spoken mainly in a few villages in Central Sudan Sudan, officially the Republic of the Sudan, is a country in Northeast Africa. It borders the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west, Libya to the northwest, Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the east, Eritrea and Ethiopi ..., in an area somewhere between the towns Katla and Lagawa, around the Jebel Hill in the Nub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thilo C
Thilo is a masculine name of Germanic origin. Notable people called Thilo include: Given name: * Thilo Berg (born 1959), German drummer who led a big band in the 1980s * Thilo Bode (born 1947), the founder and International Director of Foodwatch, formerly CEO of Greenpeace * Thilo Heinzmann (born 1969), German painter * Thilo Hermann (born 1964), German heavy metal guitarist and songwriter * Thilo Irmisch (1816–1879), 19th-century German botanist *Thilo Kehrer Jan Thilo Kehrer (; born 21 September 1996) is a German professional Association football, footballer who plays as a Defender (association football), defender for Ligue 1 club AS Monaco FC, Monaco and the Germany national football team, Germany n ... (born 1996), German professional footballer * Thilo Leugers (born 1991), German former professional footballer * Thilo Maatsch (born 1900), German artist and an exponent of abstract art, constructivism, and concrete art * Thilo Marauhn (born 1963), German expert on internation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Map Of The Languages Of The Nuba Mountains
A map is a symbolic depiction of interrelationships, commonly spatial, between things within a space. A map may be annotated with text and graphics. Like any graphic, a map may be fixed to paper or other durable media, or may be displayed on a transitory medium such as a computer screen. Some maps change interactively. Although maps are commonly used to depict geographic elements, they may represent any space, real or fictional. The subject being mapped may be two-dimensional such as Earth's surface, three-dimensional such as Earth's interior, or from an abstract space of any dimension. Maps of geographic territory have a very long tradition and have existed from ancient times. The word "map" comes from the , wherein ''mappa'' meant 'napkin' or 'cloth' and ''mundi'' 'of the world'. Thus, "map" became a shortened term referring to a flat representation of Earth's surface. History Maps have been one of the most important human inventions for millennia, allowing humans t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Automated Similarity Judgment Program
The Automated Similarity Judgment Program (ASJP) is a collaborative project applying computational approaches to comparative linguistics using a database of word lists. The database is open access and consists of 40-item basic-vocabulary lists for well over half of the world's languages. It is continuously being expanded. In addition to isolates and languages of demonstrated genealogical groups, the database includes pidgins, creoles, mixed languages, and constructed languages. Words of the database are transcribed into a simplified standard orthography (ASJPcode). The database has been used to estimate dates at which language families have diverged into daughter languages by a method related to but still different from glottochronology, to determine the homeland (Urheimat) of a proto-language, to investigate sound symbolism, to evaluate different phylogenetic methods, and several other purposes. ASJP is not widely accepted among historical linguists as an adequate method to est ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
