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Kia Sorento
The Kia Sorento () is a series of two-wheel-drive and four-wheel-drive family SUVs manufactured by the South Korean manufacturer Kia since 2002 through four generations. Initially a compact SUV built on a body-on-frame chassis, the second-generation Sorento transitioned to a larger car-based platform which placed it into the mid-size crossover SUV class, and has been developed alongside the Hyundai Santa Fe. , the Sorento is positioned between the smaller Sportage and the larger Telluride in Kia's SUV global lineup. First generation (BL; 2002) 2002–2006 Debuting in Late 2001, the first generation Sorento was a traditional truck-based body-on-frame SUV. All American Sorentos also came with dual front airbags and dual side-curtain airbags in the front and rear. An optional four-wheel drive system with low range received praise for adding to the vehicle's off-road ability. It had two transmission options, a 5-speed manual or 4- and 5-speed automatic (pre-2005 ...
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Compact SUV
Compact as used in politics may refer broadly to a pact or treaty; in more specific cases it may refer to: * Interstate compact, a type of agreement used by U.S. states * Blood compact, an ancient ritual of the Philippines * Compact government, a type of colonial rule utilized in British North America * Compact of Free Association whereby the sovereign states of the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands and the Republic of Palau have entered into as associated states with the United States. * Mayflower Compact, the first governing document of Plymouth Colony * United Nations Global Compact * Global Compact for Migration, a UN non-binding intergovernmental agreement Mathematics * Compact element, those elements of a partially ordered set that cannot be subsumed by a supremum of any directed set that does not already contain them * Compact operator, a linear operator that takes bounded subsets to relatively compact subsets, in functional analysis * C ...
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Naza Automotive Manufacturing
Stellantis Gurun (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd (formerly Naza Automotive Manufacturing Sdn Bhd, abbreviated NAM) is an Automobile manufacturing, automotive manufacturing subsidiary of Stellantis in Malaysia. It is headquartered in Gurun, Kedah. The company was established in 2002 and by 2003, the construction of NAM's own manufacturing plant commenced. The manufacturing plant was built on a parcel of land and comprises an assembly plant, a two-storey office, a test track, lots for vendors and suppliers, staff accommodation and recreation facilities. In February 2018, NAM was taken over by PSA Group, which later merged with Fiat Chrysler to form Stellantis in 2021. The plant is now called the Stellantis Gurun Plant. History and Milestone * September 2002: Ground Breaking Ceremony in Gurun, Kedah * April 2003: Construction NAM Plant in Gurun begins * May 2004: NAM commences operations in Gurun, Kedah * August 2004: Start of production for the Naza Ria * December 2004: Start of production for ...
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Automatic Transmission
An automatic transmission (AT) or automatic gearbox is a multi-speed transmission (mechanics), transmission used in motor vehicles that does not require any input from the driver to change forward gears under normal driving conditions. The 1904 Sturtevant "horseless carriage gearbox" is often considered to be the first true automatic transmission. The first mass-produced automatic transmission is the General Motors ''Hydramatic'' two-speed hydraulic automatic, which was introduced in 1939. Automatic transmissions are especially prevalent in vehicular drivetrains, particularly those subject to intense mechanical acceleration and frequent idle/transient operating conditions; commonly commercial/passenger/utility vehicles, such as buses and waste collection vehicles. Prevalence Vehicles with internal combustion engines, unlike electric vehicles, require the engine to operate in a narrow range of rates of rotation, requiring a gearbox, operated manually or automatically, to drive t ...
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Manual Transmission
A manual transmission (MT), also known as manual gearbox, standard transmission (in Canadian English, Canada, British English, the United Kingdom and American English, the United States), or stick shift (in the United States), is a multi-speed motor vehicle Transmission (mechanical device), transmission system where gear changes require the driver to manually select the gears by operating a gear stick and clutch (which is usually a foot pedal for cars or a hand lever for motorcycles). Early automobiles used ''sliding-mesh'' manual transmissions with up to three forward gear ratios. Since the 1950s, ''constant-mesh'' manual transmissions have become increasingly commonplace, and the number of forward ratios has increased to 5-speed and 6-speed manual transmissions for current vehicles. The alternative to a manual transmission is an automatic transmission. Common types of automatic transmissions are the Automatic transmission#Hydraulic automatic transmissions, hydraulic automatic ...
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Hyundai A Engine
The Hyundai A engine also known by its engine code D4CB is a 2.5L diesel 4-cylinder automobile engine produced by Hyundai Motor Group from 2002 up to the present. This is one of the first diesel engines designed and developed solely by Hyundai without any license from any other car manufacturer. The A line of engines feature four cylinders compacted graphite iron block and aluminum cylinder head unit, with chain driven dual overhead camshafts operating four valves per cylinder. Fuel is supplied to the unit using Bosch 2nd-generation common rail direct injection (CRDi) through piezoelectric injectors operating at for the A I series while it was increased to for the A II series with the latter having been equipped with a Variable Geometry Turbocharger (VGT) with some models having a Wastegate (WGT) instead. As the older A models were rated below their intended Euro rating (A I series rated for Euro 3 is taxed for Euro 2, while earlier A II series rated for Euro 4 is taxed for Eu ...
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Diesel Engine
The diesel engine, named after the German engineer Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which Combustion, ignition of diesel fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to Mechanics, mechanical Compression (physics), compression; thus, the diesel engine is called a compression-ignition engine (CI engine). This contrasts with engines using spark plug-ignition of the air-fuel mixture, such as a petrol engine (gasoline engine) or a gas engine (using a gaseous fuel like natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas). Introduction Diesel engines work by compressing only air, or air combined with residual combustion gases from the exhaust (known as exhaust gas recirculation, "EGR"). Air is inducted into the chamber during the intake stroke, and compressed during the compression stroke. This increases air temperature inside the Cylinder (engine), cylinder so that atomised diesel fuel injected into the combustion chamber ignites. The torque a dies ...
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Hyundai Sigma Engine
The Hyundai Sigma engine is what Hyundai Motor Company called the Mitsubishi 6G7 engine when manufactured in South Korea. It is a series of V6 piston engines. The Sigma engine family began life with the simple V6 name. Displacement ranges from . 2.5L (G6AV) The DOHC G6AV (also called the 2.5 D, "D" for DOHC) is the small version. Bore is and stroke is shared with the at . Output is at 6,000 rpm and at 4,500 rpm. Applications *Hyundai Dynasty (1997–2005) *Hyundai Grandeur#LX, Hyundai Grandeur (LX) (1995–1998) *Hyundai Marcia (1995–1998) 3.0L (G6AT/G6CT) The DOHC G6AT and G6CT (also called the 3.0 D, "D" for DOHC) both displace . They share the 2.5's stroke but use a larger bore. Output for the older G6AT is at 6,000 rpm and at 4,000–4,500 rpm, while the G6CT produces at 5,500–6,000 rpm and at 3,500–4,000 rpm. The older SOHC G6AT 3.0 S produces just at 5,000 rpm and at 2,500–3,000 rpm. Applications * Hyundai D ...
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V6 Engine
A V6 engine is a six- cylinder piston engine where the cylinders and cylinder blocks share a common crankshaft and are arranged in a V configuration. The first V6 engines were designed and produced independently by Marmon Motor Car Company, Deutz Gasmotoren Fabrik and Delahaye. Engines built after World War II include the Lancia V6 engine in 1950 for the Lancia Aurelia, and the Buick V6 engine in 1962 for the Buick Special. The V6 layout has become the most common layout for six-cylinder automotive engines. Design Due to their short length, V6 engines are often used as the larger engine option for vehicles which are otherwise produced with inline-four engines, especially in transverse engine vehicles. A downside for luxury cars is that V6 engines produce more vibrations than straight-six engines. Some sports cars like the Porsche 911 use flat-six engines instead of V6 engines, due to their near perfect primary engine balance and lower centre of gravity (which ...
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Hyundai Lambda Engine
The Hyundai Lambda engine family is the company's all-aluminium V6 engine manufactured since 2005. It is currently manufactured at Hyundai's plant in Asan, South Korea. It used to be manufactured at HMMA plant in Montgomery, Alabama, United States. All versions of this engine use a timing chain. Lambda MPi This engine family uses aluminium blocks and heads, variable valve timing on the intake side, and 4 valves per cylinder. 3.3L (G6DB) The Lambda MPi G6DB version was introduced with the 2005 Sonata. Bore and stroke measure and it makes at 6,000  rpm and of torque at 3,500 rpm. Applications: *2006–2008 Hyundai Azera (TG) *2007–2009 Hyundai Santa Fe (CM) *2005–2009 Hyundai Sonata (NF) *2007–2009 Kia Opirus *2005–2009 Kia Sorento (BL) 3.8L (G6DA) The G6DA version has a bore and stroke and produce at 6,000 rpm and of torque at 4,500 rpm. Applications: *2005–2008 Hyundai Azera (TG) *2007–2009 Hyundai Entourage *2007–2008 ...
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Straight-four Engine
A straight-four engine (also referred to as an inline-four engine) is a four-cylinder Reciprocating engine, piston engine where cylinders are arranged in a line along a common crankshaft. The majority of automotive four-cylinder engines use a straight-four layout (with the exceptions of the flat-four engines produced by Subaru and Porsche) and the layout is also very common in motorcycles and other machinery. Therefore the term "four-cylinder engine" is usually synonymous with straight-four engines. When a straight-four engine is installed at an inclined angle (instead of with the cylinders oriented vertically), it is sometimes called a Slant-4 engine, slant-four. Between 2005 and 2008, the proportion of new vehicles sold in the United States with four-cylinder engines rose from 30% to 47%. By the 2020 model year, the share for light-duty vehicles had risen to 59%. Design A four-stroke straight-four engine always has a cylinder on its power stroke, unlike engines with fewer ...
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Hyundai Sirius Engine
The Hyundai Sirius engine was the company's first larger inline-four engine, with displacements from 1.8 L (1795 cc) to 2.4 L (2351 cc). It is a license-built Mitsubishi construction. This engine is no longer used by Hyundai. 1.5L (G4DJ) The Hyundai G4DJ engine was manufactured from 1989 to 1995 under license from Mitsubishi and was essentially a copy of the 8-valve version of the popular 4G15 powerplant, the engine's advertised power is at 5,500 rpm with of torque at 3,000 rpm. Applications * Hyundai Elantra (J1) (1990–1995) * Hyundai Scoupe (1990–1992) * Hyundai Excel/Pony (X2) (1989–1993) 1.5L (G4CL) The Hyundai G4CL engine features DOHC, the engine's advertised power is at 6,000 rpm with of torque at 4,500 rpm. Applications * Hyundai Elantra (J1) (1993–1995) 1.6L (G4CR) The Hyundai G4CR is an in-line four, dual overhead camshaft (DOHC) engine manufactured from 1990 to 1995 under license, as it was in fact a cop ...
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Petrol Engine
A petrol engine (gasoline engine in American and Canadian English) is an internal combustion engine designed to run on petrol (gasoline). Petrol engines can often be adapted to also run on fuels such as liquefied petroleum gas and ethanol blends (such as '' E10'' and '' E85''). They may be designed to run on petrol with a higher octane rating, as sold at petrol stations. Most petrol engines use spark ignition, unlike diesel engines which run on diesel fuel and typically use compression ignition. Another key difference to diesel engines is that petrol engines typically have a lower compression ratio. History The first practical petrol engine was built in 1876 in Germany by Nicolaus August Otto and Eugen Langen, although there had been earlier attempts by Étienne Lenoir in 1860, Siegfried Marcus in 1864 and George Brayton in 1873. Design Thermodynamic cycle Most petrol engines use either the four-stroke Otto cycle or the two-stroke cycle. Petrol engines have also ...
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