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Katydid
Insects in the family Tettigoniidae are commonly called katydids (especially in North America), or bush crickets. They have previously been known as "long-horned grasshoppers". More than 8,000 species are known. Part of the suborder Ensifera, the Tettigoniidae are the only extant (living) family in the superfamily Tettigonioidea. They are primarily nocturnal in habit with strident mating calls. Many species exhibit mimicry and camouflage, commonly with shapes and colors similar to leaves. Etymology The family name Tettigoniidae is derived from the genus '' Tettigonia'', first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758. In Latin ''tettigonia'' means a kind of small cicada, leafhopper; it is from the Greek τεττιγόνιον ''tettigonion'', the diminutive of the imitative (onomatopoeic) τέττιξ, ''tettix'', cicada. All of these names such as ''tettix'' with repeated sounds are onomatopoeic, imitating the stridulation of these insects. The common name ''katydid'' is also onomat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudophyllinae
The subfamily Pseudophyllinae contains numerous species in the family Tettigoniidae, the katydids or bush crickets. Sometimes called "true katydids", together with the crickets of suborder Ensifera, they form part of the insect order Orthoptera which also contains grasshoppers. Members of the group are noted for their remarkable camouflage. They closely resemble dried leaves, including veins, various blotches and even bite marks. Systematics The Pseudophyllinae may be subdivided into the following tribes (the first 17 of which are sometimes grouped into the super-tribes: Pleminiiti and Pseudophylliti) and genera. (retrieved 25 December 2017) Some notable are also lis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pterophylla Camellifolia
''Pterophylla camellifolia'', the common true katydid, is a common North American insect in the family Tettigoniidae (katydids). Within the Tettigoniidae, it belongs to the subfamily Pseudophyllinae (true katydids). Other common names include northern true katydid and rough-winged katydid. The loud, rasping, three-pulsed song, rendered "''ka-ty-did''", of the male of the nominate northern subspecies is the source of the vernacular name "''katydid''” as applied to any tettigoniid. It is a nearly flightless species that, in contrast with other katydids, often walks, runs, or hops rather than leaping or flying. It lives in the canopy of deciduous trees, where it feeds on the foliage. It can reach up to in length. Song The singing rate is temperature dependent. Four populations of this species can be distinguished by song characteristics: *The two-, three-, or four-pulsed song of northern populations, as described above; * The faster song with more pulses per phrase, often hea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conocephalinae
Conocephalinae, meaning "conical head", is an Orthopteran subfamily in the family Tettigoniidae. Genera The Orthoptera Species File lists the following subtribes and genera: Tribe Agraeciini Mostly South America, Africa, South-East Asia and Australia; Auth: Redtenbacher, 1891 * subtribe Agraeciina Redtenbacher, 1891 ** '' Agraecia'' Serville, 1831 * subtribe Eumegalodontina Brongniart, 1892 ** '' Lesina'' Walker, 1869 * subtribe Liarina Ingrisch, 1998 ** '' Labugama'' Henry, 1932 ** '' Liara'' Redtenbacher, 1891 ** '' Macroxiphus'' Pictet, 1888 * subtribe Oxylakina Ingrisch, 1998 ** '' Oxylakis'' Redtenbacher, 1891 * subtribe Salomonina Brongniart, 1897 ** '' Salomona'' Blanchard, 1853 * subtribe undetermined (many genera) ** '' Coptaspis'' Redtenbacher, 1891 Tribe Armadillagraeciini Australia; Auth: Rentz, Su & Ueshima, 2012 # '' Armadillagraecia'' Rentz, Su, Ueshima & Robinson, 2010 # '' Kapalgagraecia'' Rentz, Su, Ueshima & Robinson, 2010 # '' Lichenagraecia'' Rentz, Su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ensifera
Ensifera is a suborder of insects that includes the various types of crickets and their allies including: true crickets, camel crickets, bush crickets or katydids, grigs, weta and Cooloola monsters. This and the suborder Caelifera (grasshoppers and their allies) make up the order Orthoptera. Ensifera is believed to be a more ancient group than Caelifera, with its origins in the Carboniferous period, the split having occurred at the end of the Permian period. Unlike the Caelifera, the Ensifera contain numerous members that are partially carnivorous, feeding on other insects, as well as plants. ''Ensifer'' is Latin for "sword bearer", and refers to the typically elongated and blade-like ovipositor of the females. Characteristics Characteristics shared by the two orthopteran suborders, Caelifera and Ensifera, are the mouthparts adapted for biting and chewing, the modified prothorax, the hind legs modified for jumping, the wing shape and venation, and the sound-producing strid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grasshopper
Grasshoppers are a group of insects belonging to the suborder Caelifera. They are among what is possibly the most ancient living group of chewing herbivorous insects, dating back to the early Triassic around 250 million years ago. Grasshoppers are typically ground-dwelling insects with powerful hind legs which allow them to escape from threats by leaping vigorously. As hemimetabolous insects, they do not undergo complete metamorphosis; they hatch from an egg into a Nymph (biology), nymph or "hopper" which undergoes five moults, becoming more similar to the adult insect at each developmental stage. The grasshopper hears through the tympanal organ which can be found in the first segment of the abdomen attached to the thorax; while its sense of vision is in the compound eyes, the change in light intensity is perceived in the simple eyes (ocelli). At high population densities and under certain environmental conditions, some grasshopper species can change color and behavior and for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mimicry
In evolutionary biology, mimicry is an evolved resemblance between an organism and another object, often an organism of another species. Mimicry may evolve between different species, or between individuals of the same species. Often, mimicry functions to protect a species from predators, making it an anti-predator adaptation. Mimicry evolves if a receiver (such as a predator) perceives the similarity between a mimic (the organism that has a resemblance) and a model (the organism it resembles) and as a result changes its behaviour in a way that provides a selective advantage to the mimic. The resemblances that evolve in mimicry can be visual, acoustic, chemical, tactile, or electric, or combinations of these sensory modalities. Mimicry may be to the advantage of both organisms that share a resemblance, in which case it is a form of mutualism; or mimicry can be to the detriment of one, making it parasitic or competitive. The evolutionary convergence between groups is driven b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stridulation
Stridulation is the act of producing sound by rubbing together certain body parts. This behavior is mostly associated with insects, but other animals are known to do this as well, such as a number of species of fish, snakes and spiders. The mechanism is typically that of one structure with a well-defined lip, ridge, or nodules (the "scraper" or ''plectrum'') being moved across a finely-ridged surface (the "file" or ''stridulitrum''—sometimes called the ''pars stridens'') or vice versa, and vibrating as it does so, like the dragging of a phonograph needle across a vinyl record. Sometimes it is the structure bearing the file which resonates to produce the sound, but in other cases it is the structure bearing the scraper, with both variants possible in related groups. Common onomatopoeic words for the sounds produced by stridulation include ''chirp'' and ''chirrup''. Arthropod stridulation Insects and other arthropods stridulate by rubbing together two parts of the body. These a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hexacentrinae
The Hexacentrinae, are a subfamily of predatory bush crickets or katydids. The type genus is ''Hexacentrus'', which may be known as "balloon-winged" bush crickets/katydids etc., is also the most speciose and widespread in Africa and Asia. Description The group has sometimes been treated as a tribe (as "Hexacentrini") within Conocephalinae, which may be a sister group. A.V. Gorochov described the following characters for this subfamily: * rostrum of head narrow with simple, moderately long mandibles, without distinct sexual dimorphism; * flat, wide hind lobe of the pronotum with thoracic sternites having a pair of spines or finger-like processes; * fore and middle legs have tibiae with long spines, especially on the ventral surface (for predation); * hind wings (if not shortened) with developed “costal lobe”, and a characteristic thickened crossvein; * anal plate and epiproct rather simple (no distinct specializations) in both sexes, but male paraprocts have a finger- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bradyporinae
The Bradyporinae are a subfamily in the family Tettigoniidae (bush crickets or katydids), based on the type genus '' Bradyporus''. First described as a family, "Bradyporidae" (Burmeister, H., 1838), the first use as Bradyporinae was by Brunner von Wattenwyl in 1878. Genera in this subfamily are mostly distributed in Europe, North Africa, through to temperate/subtropical Asia. Tribes and genera Bradyporini Auth.: Burmeister, 1838 * '' Bradyporus'' Charpentier, 1825 * ''Pycnogaster'' Graells, 1851 Ephippigerini Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 * '' Afrosteropleurus'' Barat, 2012 * '' Albarracinia'' Barat, 2012 - monotypic ''A. zapaterii'' (Bolívar, 1877) * ''Baratia'' Llucià Pomares, 2021 - monotypic * ''Baetica Hispania Baetica, often abbreviated Baetica, was one of three Roman provinces in Hispania (the Iberian Peninsula). Baetica was bordered to the west by Lusitania, and to the northeast by Hispania Tarraconensis. Baetica remained one of the basic d ...'' Bolivar, I., ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camouflage
Camouflage is the use of any combination of materials, coloration, or illumination for concealment, either by making animals or objects hard to see, or by disguising them as something else. Examples include the leopard's spotted coat, the battledress of a modern soldier, and the leaf-mimic katydid's wings. A third approach, motion dazzle, confuses the observer with a conspicuous pattern, making the object visible but momentarily harder to locate, as well as making general aiming easier. The majority of camouflage methods aim for crypsis, often through a general resemblance to the background, high contrast disruptive coloration, eliminating shadow, and countershading. In the open ocean, where there is no background, the principal methods of camouflage are transparency, silvering, and countershading, while the bioluminescence, ability to produce light is among other things used for counter-illumination on the undersides of cephalopods such as squid. Some animals, such as chamel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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