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Kastelholm Witch Trials
The Kastelholm witch trials, which took place in Kastelholm on Åland between 1665 and 1668, were the biggest witch trial in the history of Finland. It was also almost unique in its character for Finland, where witch trials were normally small, with a single and often male defendant accused of sorcery. In contrast, the Kastelholm witch trials were a mass trial where several women were accused of attending a witches' Sabbath and making a pact with the Devil in the manner of contemporary continental witchcraft demonology, and in both instances it was almost unique for Finland, where only the Österbotten witch trials of 1674-1678 were similar to it. It resulted in the execution of six women. History The witch trials were conducted by the new governor Nils Psilander, who was educated in Dorpat and who investigated witchcraft on the island in accordance with the witchcraft demonology he had been taught at the German university of Dorpat, where witchcraft demonology was an important su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kastelholm
Kastelholm Castle ( sv, Kastelholms slott) is a Swedish people, Swedish-built medieval castle located off Road 2 in Sund, Åland, Sund, Åland, Finland, approximately northeast of Mariehamn, overlooking a fjord to the south of the village of Kastelholm. Along with Häme Castle, Hämeenlinna, Olavinlinna, Olavinlinna in Savonlinna, Raseborg Castle, Raseborg, and Turku Castle, Turku, Kastelholm is one of only five surviving Finnish medieval fortresses that are also considered to be architecturally substantial. Built in the 14th century, and held in fief during the Middle Ages by various nobles, feudal chiefs, and kings, it had significant period in the 15th and 16th centuries. Built in the 14th century, originally on a small island surrounded by moats filled with water and planted with several rows of poles, the castle has been of strategic importance in consolidating Sweden, Swedish authority over the Baltic region, Baltic over the last several centuries; with several Swedish mona ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ã…land
Åland ( fi, Ahvenanmaa: ; ; ) is an Federacy, autonomous and Demilitarized zone, demilitarised region of Finland since 1920 by a decision of the League of Nations. It is the smallest region of Finland by area and population, with a size of 1,580 km2, and a population of 30,129, constituting 0.51% of its land area and 0.54% of its population. Its only official language is Swedish language, Swedish and the capital city is Mariehamn. Åland is situated in an archipelago, called the Åland Islands, at the entrance to the Gulf of Bothnia in the Baltic Sea belonging to Finland. It comprises Fasta Åland on which 90% of the population resides and about 6,500 Skerry, skerries and islands to its east. Of Åland's thousands of islands, about 60–80 are inhabited. Fasta Åland is separated from the coast of Roslagen in Sweden by of open water to the west. In the east, the Åland archipelago is Geographic contiguity, contiguous with the Archipelago Sea, Finnish archipelago. Åland ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Witch Trial
A witch-hunt, or a witch purge, is a search for people who have been labeled witches or a search for evidence of witchcraft. The classical period of witch-hunts in Early Modern Europe and Colonial America took place in the Early Modern period or about 1450 to 1750, spanning the upheavals of the Reformation and the Thirty Years' War, resulting in an estimated 35,000 to 50,000 executions. The last executions of people convicted as witches in Europe took place in the 18th century. In other regions, like Africa and Asia, contemporary witch-hunts have been reported from sub-Saharan Africa and Papua New Guinea, and official legislation against witchcraft is still found in Saudi Arabia and Cameroon today. In current language, "witch-hunt" metaphorically means an investigation that is usually conducted with much publicity, supposedly to uncover subversive activity, disloyalty, and so on, but with the real purpose of intimidating political opponents. It can also involve element ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finland
Finland ( fi, Suomi ; sv, Finland ), officially the Republic of Finland (; ), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It shares land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bothnia to the west and the Gulf of Finland across Estonia to the south. Finland covers an area of with a population of 5.6 million. Helsinki is the capital and largest city, forming a larger metropolitan area with the neighbouring cities of Espoo, Kauniainen, and Vantaa. The vast majority of the population are ethnic Finns. Finnish, alongside Swedish, are the official languages. Swedish is the native language of 5.2% of the population. Finland's climate varies from humid continental in the south to the boreal in the north. The land cover is primarily a boreal forest biome, with more than 180,000 recorded lakes. Finland was first inhabited around 9000 BC after the Last Glacial Period. The Stone Age introduced several different ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Witches' Sabbath
A Witches' Sabbath is a purported gathering of those believed to practice witchcraft and other rituals. The phrase became popular in the 20th century. Origins In 1668, Johannes Praetorius published his literary work "Blockes-Berges Verrichtung", which has the subtitle "Oder Ausführlicher Geographischer Bericht/ von den hohen trefflich alt- und berühmten Blockes-Berge: ingleichen von der Hexenfahrt/ und Zauber-Sabbathe/ so auff solchen Berge die Unholden aus gantz Teutschland/ Jährlich den 1. Maij in Sanct-Walpurgis Nachte anstellen sollen". As indicated by the subtitle, Praetorius attempted to give a "Detailed Geographical Account of the highly admirable ancient and famous Blockula, also about the witches' journey and magic sabbaths". Emergence in the 20th century Prior to the late 19th century, it is difficult to locate any English use of the term ''sabbath'' to denote a gathering of witches. The phrase is used by Henry Charles Lea in his ''History of the Inquisition of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorpat
Tartu is the second largest city in Estonia after the Northern European country's political and financial capital, Tallinn. Tartu has a population of 91,407 (as of 2021). It is southeast of Tallinn and 245 kilometres (152 miles) northeast of Riga, Latvia. Tartu lies on the Emajõgi river, which connects the two largest lakes in Estonia, Lake Võrtsjärv and Lake Peipus. From the 13th century until the end of the 19th century, Tartu was known in most of the world by variants of its historical name Dorpat. Tartu, the largest urban centre of southern Estonia, is often considered the "intellectual capital city" of the country, especially as it is home to the nation's oldest and most renowned university, the University of Tartu (founded in 1632). Tartu also houses the Supreme Court of Estonia, the Ministry of Education and Research, the Estonian National Museum, and the oldest Estonian-language theatre, Vanemuine. It is also the birthplace of the Estonian Song Festivals. Tart ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Devil's Bride (2016 Film)
''Devil's Bride'' ( fi, Tulen morsian) is a 2016 Finnish drama film directed by Saara Cantell. Synopsis Anna is a maid who starts an affair with the married Elias, who has a young son and a newborn daughter with Rakel. After being confronted by Rakel, who pleads with Anna to end the affair so Elias can be a proper father to their children, Anna refuses, arguing that her bond with Elias is stronger than life. Rakel tells Anna this is not the first affair Elias has had, saying he likes beautiful young girls. Anna becomes angry and says Rakel is a bitter old hag. Later that night, starting to doubt Elias' devotion to her, Anna sneaks into Elias and Rakel's home, watching them smile and cuddle in bed, appearing as happy and in love as Anna thought she and Elias were. Jealous and angry, Anna accuses Rakel of toiling in witchcraft, using herbs to heal. A number of women are arrested at the same time. When a woman is sentenced to beheading and then being burned at the stake, Anna regr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saara Cantell , Brazil, a shopping district
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Saara may refer to: Places * Saara, Estonia, a village in Lääne-Viru County, Estonia * Saara, Greiz, a municipality in Thuringia, Germany * Saara, Altenburger Land, a municipality in Thuringia, Germany Other * ''Saara'' (lizard), a genus of lizard in the Uromastycinae subfamily * Saara (name), a female given name * Sara Forsberg, Finnish singer better known as SAARA * (Saara), Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro ( , , ; literally 'River of January'), or simply Rio, is the capital of the Rio de Janeiro (state), state of the same name, Brazil's List of Brazilian states by population, third-most populous state, and the List of largest citi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Witch Trials In Finland
The Witch trials in Finland were conducted in connection to Sweden (Finland then being a part of Sweden) and were relatively few with the exception of the 1660s and 1670s, when a big witch hunt affected both Finland and Sweden. Finland differed from most of Europe in that an uncommonly large part of the accused were men, which it had in common with the witch trials in Iceland.Ankarloo, Bengt & Henningsen, Gustav (ed.), ''Skrifter. Bd 13, Häxornas Europa 1400-1700: historiska och antropologiska studier''. Stockholm: Nerenius & Santérus, 1987 Most of the people accused in Finland were men, so called "wise men" hired to perform magic by people. From 1674 to 1678, a real witch hysteria broke out in Ostrobothnia, during which twenty women and two men were executed. History Much material is missing from the documentation of the local courts as well as from Turku, and the numbers for witch trials are therefore unknown. Preserved documentation states that 710 witch trials took place i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1665 In Law
Events January–March * January 5 – The '' Journal des sçavans'' begins publication of the first scientific journal in France. * February 15 – Molière's comedy '' Dom Juan ou le Festin de pierre'', based on the Spanish legend of the womanizer Don Juan Tenorio and Tirso de Molina's Spanish play '' El burlador de Sevilla y convidado de piedra'', premieres in Paris at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal''. * February 21 – In India, Shivaji Bhonsale of the Maratha Empire captures the English East India Company's trading post at Sadashivgad (now located in the Indian state of Karnataka). * February – In England, Dr. Richard Lower performs the first blood transfusion between animals. According to his account to the Royal Society journal ''Philosophical Transactions'' in December, Dr. Lower "towards the end of February... selected one dog of medium size, opened its jugular vein, and drew off blood, until its strength was nearly gone. Then, to ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1668 In Law
Events January–March * January 23 – The Triple Alliance of 1668 is formed between England, Sweden and the United Provinces of the Netherlands. * February 13 – In Lisbon, a peace treaty is established between Afonso VI of Portugal and Carlos II of Spain, by mediation of Charles II of England, in which the legitimacy of the Portuguese monarch is recognized. Portugal yields Ceuta to Spain. * c. February – The English Parliament and bishops seek to suppress Thomas Hobbes' treatise ''Leviathan''. * March 8 – In the Cretan War, the navy of the Republic of Venice defeats an Ottoman Empire naval force of 12 ships and 2,000 galleys that had attempted to seize a small Venetian galley near the port of Agia Pelagia. * March 23 – The Bawdy House Riots of 1668 take place in London when a group of English Dissenters begins attacking brothels, initially as a protest against the harsh enforcement of laws against private worshipers and the lack ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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