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K-factor (other)
K-factor or K factor may refer to: Engineering and technology * K-factor (aeronautics), the number of pulses expected for every one volumetric unit of fluid passing through a given flow meter * K-factor (centrifugation), relative pelleting efficiency of a given centrifuge rotor * K factor (crude oil refining), a system for classifying crude oil * K-factor (fire protection), formula used to calculate the discharge rate from a fire system nozzle * K factor (traffic engineering), the proportion of annual average daily traffic occurring in an hour Mathematics and statistics * K-factor (actuarial), the ratio of the value of deferrable expenses to the value of estimated gross profits * k-factor (graph theory), a spanning ''k''-regular subgraph in graph theory Telecommunications * k-factor, the circular segment of earth profile that blocks off long-distance communications in line-of-sight propagation Other uses * K-factor (Elo rating system), a constant used in Elo rating system * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
K-factor (aeronautics)
For aircraft fuel flow meters, K-factor refers to the number of pulses expected for every one volumetric unit of fluid passing through a given flow meter, and is usually encountered when dealing with pulse signals.Calculating and Using K-Factors and providing pulses can be used to determine mass flow
Mass flow, also known as mass transfer and bulk flow, is the movement of f ...
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K-factor (centrifugation)
In centrifugation the clearing factor or k factor represents the relative pelleting efficiency of a given centrifuge rotor at maximum rotation speed. It can be used to estimate the time t (in hours) required for sedimentation of a fraction with a known sedimentation coefficient s (in svedbergs): : t = \frac The value of the clearing factor depends on the maximum angular velocity \omega of a centrifuge (in rad/s) and the minimum and maximum radius r of the rotor: : k = \frac \times \frac As the rotational speed of a centrifuge is usually specified in RPM, the following formula is often used for convenience: : k = \frac Centrifuge A centrifuge is a device that uses centrifugal force to separate various components of a fluid. This is achieved by spinning the fluid at high speed within a container, thereby separating fluids of different densities (e.g. cream from milk) or ... manufacturers usually specify the minimum, maximum and average radius of a rotor, as well as the k fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
K Factor (crude Oil Refining)
The K factor or characterization factor is defined from Rankine boiling temperature °R=1.8Tb and relative to water density ρ at 60°F: K(UOP) = \sqrt / \rho The K factor is a systematic way of classifying a crude oil according to its paraffinic, naphthenic, intermediate or aromatic nature. 12.5 or higher indicate a crude oil of predominantly paraffinic constituents, while 10 or lower indicate a crude of more aromatic nature. The K(UOP) is also referred to as the UOP K factor or just UOPK. See also * Crude oil assay A crude oil assay is the chemical evaluation of crude oil feedstocks by petroleum testing laboratories. Each crude oil type has unique molecular and chemical characteristics. No two crude oil types are identical and there are crucial differences i ... References External links Pipe fitting friction calculationPipe Friction Loss Calculations Oil refining Separation processes {{Petroleum-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
K-factor (fire Protection)
In fire protection engineering, the K-factor formula is used to calculate the volumetric flow rate rate from a nozzle. Spray nozzles can for example be fire sprinklers or water mist nozzles, hose reel nozzles, water monitors and deluge fire system nozzles. Calculation K-factors are usually calculated in metric units internationally. Metric units Using metric units, the volumetric flow rate of a nozzle is given by q = K\sqrt p, where ''q'' is the flow rate in litres per minute ( l/min ), ''p'' is the pressure at the nozzle in bar and ''K'' is the ''K-factor'' is given in units of (l/min)/\sqrt\text. US customary units K-Factors have also previously been calculated and published using the United States customary units of pound per square inch (psi) and gallon The gallon is a unit of volume in imperial units and United States customary units. Three different versions are in current use: *the imperial gallon (imp gal), defined as , which is or was used in the United ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
K Factor (traffic Engineering)
In transportation engineering, the K factor is defined as the proportion of annual average daily traffic occurring in an hour. This factor is used for designing and analyzing the flow of traffic on highways. K factors must be calculated at a continuous count station, usually an "automatic traffic recorder", for a year before being determined. Usually this number is the proportion of "annual average daily traffic" (AADT) occurring at the 30th-highest hour of traffic density from the year's-worth of data. This 30th-highest hour of traffic is also known as "K30" or the "Design Hour Factor". This factor improves traffic forecasting, which in turn improves the ability of designers and engineers to plan for efficiency and serve the needs of this particular set of traffic. Such forecasting includes the selection of pavement and inclusion of different geometric aspects of highway design, as well as the effects of lane closures and necessity of traffic lights. Engineers have reached consensus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
K-factor (actuarial)
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP or U.S. GAAP, pronounced like "gap") is the accounting standard adopted by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and is the default accounting standard used by companies based in the United States. The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) publishes and maintains the Accounting Standards Codification (ASC), which is the single source of authoritative nongovernmental U.S. GAAP. The FASB published U.S. GAAP in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) beginning in 2008. Sources of GAAP The FASB Accounting Standards Codification is the source of authoritative GAAP recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities. Rules and interpretive releases of the SEC under authority of federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. In addition to the SEC's rules and interpretive releases, the SEC staff issues Staff Accounting Bulletins that represent practices followed by t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
K-factor (graph Theory)
In graph theory, a factor of a graph ''G'' is a spanning subgraph, i.e., a subgraph that has the same vertex set as ''G''. A ''k''-factor of a graph is a spanning ''k''-regular subgraph, and a ''k''-factorization partitions the edges of the graph into disjoint ''k''-factors. A graph ''G'' is said to be ''k''-factorable if it admits a ''k''-factorization. In particular, a 1-factor is a perfect matching, and a 1-factorization of a ''k''-regular graph is an edge coloring with ''k'' colors. A 2-factor is a collection of cycles that spans all vertices of the graph. 1-factorization If a graph is 1-factorable (ie, has a 1-factorization), then it has to be a regular graph. However, not all regular graphs are 1-factorable. A ''k''-regular graph is 1-factorable if it has chromatic index ''k''; examples of such graphs include: * Any regular bipartite graph. Hall's marriage theorem can be used to show that a ''k''-regular bipartite graph contains a perfect matching. One can then remove the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Line-of-sight Propagation
Line-of-sight propagation is a characteristic of electromagnetic radiation or acoustic wave propagation which means waves travel in a direct path from the source to the receiver. Electromagnetic transmission includes light emissions traveling in a straight line. The rays or waves may be diffracted, refracted, reflected, or absorbed by the atmosphere and obstructions with material and generally cannot travel over the horizon or behind obstacles. In contrast to line-of-sight propagation, at low frequency (below approximately 3 MHz) due to diffraction, radio waves can travel as ground waves, which follow the contour of the Earth. This enables AM radio stations to transmit beyond the horizon. Additionally, frequencies in the shortwave bands between approximately 1 and 30 MHz, can be refracted back to Earth by the ionosphere, called skywave or "skip" propagation, thus giving radio transmissions in this range a potentially global reach. However, at frequencies abo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
K-factor (Elo Rating System)
The Elo rating system is a method for calculating the relative skill levels of players in zero-sum games such as chess. It is named after its creator Arpad Elo, a Hungarian-American physics professor. The Elo system was invented as an improved chess-rating system over the previously used Harkness system, but is also used as a rating system in association football, American football, baseball, basketball, pool, table tennis, and various board games and esports. The difference in the ratings between two players serves as a predictor of the outcome of a match. Two players with equal ratings who play against each other are expected to score an equal number of wins. A player whose rating is 100 points greater than their opponent's is expected to score 64%; if the difference is 200 points, then the expected score for the stronger player is 76%. A player's Elo rating is represented by a number which may change depending on the outcome of rated games played. After every game, the winni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
K-factor (marketing)
In viral marketing, the K-factor can be used to describe the growth rate of websites, apps, or a customer base. The formula is roughly as follows: :i=\text (e.g. if each new customer invites five friends, ''i'' = 5) :c=\text (e.g. if one in five invitees convert to new users, ''c'' = .2) :k = i * c This usage is borrowed from the basic reproduction number in the medical field of epidemiology in which a virus having a k-factor of 1 is in a "steady" state of neither growth nor decline, while a k-factor greater than 1 indicates exponential growth and a k-factor less than 1 indicates exponential decline. In epidemiology, the k-factor is derived from the rates of distribution and infection for a disease. "Distribution" (i) measures the average number of people a host will contact while still infectious, and "infection" (c) measures how likely an average person is to also become infected after contact with an infectious host. In the context of viral marketing, a k-factor of less tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
K-factor (sheet Metal)
Bending is a manufacturing process that produces a V-shape, U-shape, or channel shape along a straight axis in ductile materials, most commonly sheet metal.Manufacturing Processes Reference Guide, Industrial Press Inc., 1994. Commonly used equipment include box and pan brakes, brake presses, and other specialized machine presses. Typical products that are made like this are boxes such as electrical enclosures and rectangular ductwork. Process In press brake forming, a work piece is positioned over the die block and the die block presses the sheet to form a shape. Usually bending has to overcome both tensile stresses and compressive stresses. When bending is done, the residual stresses cause the material to ' towards its original position, so the sheet must be over-bent to achieve the proper bend angle. The amount of spring back is dependent on the material, and the type of forming. When sheet metal is bent, it stretches in length. The ''bend deduction'' is the amount th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The K Factor
''Harry Hill's TV Burp'' (also known as just ''TV Burp'') is a British television comedy programme broadcast between 2001 and 2012 on ITV. The show was produced by Avalon Television and was written and hosted by comedian Harry Hill. Each episode took a humorous look back at the previous week of programming on British television. Much of the format of the show was centred on comedy that was derived from a selection of clips taken from a week's worth of programming on British television, both from terrestrial and digital channels, which were often combined with studio segments, spoof scenes and sketches, with the host sometimes involved in the humour derived from them. Clips that featured were sourced from a variety of shows across most channels throughout the week before the broadcast of each episode, with soaps, dramas and popular factual series being the most commonly represented genres. Format Comedy created from clips is usually acquired from outside of the context of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
