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Judiciary Of Italy
The judiciary of Italy is composed of courts and public prosecutor offices responsible for the administration of justice in the Italian Republic. Offices are occupied by either bench judges or public prosecutors, jointly known as magistrates, echoing the Roman tradition. Magistrates belong to the magistracy, one branch of the State that Italian citizens may access if they hold an Italian Juris Doctor and successfully partake in one of the relevant competitive public examinations organised by the Ministry of justice. The magistracy is the repository of the judicial power, one of the three branches of the State. Marked by an absence of internal hierarchy, it is furthermore independent from any other branch or power of the State. The independence of the magistracy protects all its members against the executive and legislative branches, in particular the former one which does not possess powers over the appointment, career progression, and the prerogatives of magistrates. Magistra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Court
A court is an institution, often a government entity, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between Party (law), parties and Administration of justice, administer justice in Civil law (common law), civil, Criminal law, criminal, and Administrative law, administrative matters in accordance with the rule of law. Courts generally consist of Judge, judges or other judicial officers, and are usually established and dissolved through legislation enacted by a legislature. Courts may also be established by constitution or an equivalent constituting instrument. The practical authority given to the court is known as its jurisdiction, which describes the court's power to decide certain kinds of questions, or Petition, petitions put to it. There are various kinds of courts, including trial courts, appellate courts, administrative courts, international courts, and tribunals. Description A court is any person or institution, often as a government institution, with the authori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Separation Of Powers
The separation of powers principle functionally differentiates several types of state (polity), state power (usually Legislature#Legislation, law-making, adjudication, and Executive (government)#Function, execution) and requires these operations of government to be conceptually and institutionally distinguishable and articulated, thereby maintaining the integrity of each. To put this model into practice, government is divided into structurally independent branches to perform various functions (most often a legislature, a judiciary and an administration, sometimes known as the ). When each function is allocated strictly to one branch, a government is described as having a high degree of separation; whereas, when one person or branch plays a significant part in the exercise of more than one function, this represents a fusion of powers. History Antiquity Polybius (''Histories'', Book 6, 11–13) described the Roman Republic as a mixed government ruled by the Roman Senate, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Institutions Of Constitutional Importance (Italy)
The institutions of constitutional importance of the Italian Republic () are those institutions which are mentioned by the Constitution of Italy, but are not directly defined by it. Characteristics Unlike the constitutional institutions of Italy, the institutions of constitutional importance do not take part in the so-called "political process"; they do not directly determine the goals the state will pursue, but are supplementary to those goals. The institutions of constitutional importance contribute to the maintenance of the democratic order and are therefore also called "auxiliary institutions" (''organi ausiliari''). Unlike constitutional organs, they can be abolished altogether, although this would require a constitutional law Although these institutions are mentioned in the constitution, it is left to the ordinary law to define their organisation, their structure and their powers. List of institutions of constitutional importance Currently there are five institutions of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
High Council Of The Judiciary (Italy)
The High Council of the Judiciary (, or CSM) is an Italian institution of constitutional importance, entrusted to preside over the organisation of the Italian Judiciary. The High Council sits in the Palazzo dei Marescialli, Piazza Indipendenza 6, Rome. History The origins of the Council can be traced back to the enactment of Law no. 511 in 1907. Article 4 of this legislation mandated the establishment of the Council, concurrent with the formation of the Ministry of Justice. Primarily envisioned as a consultative body, the Council was tasked with significant administrative responsibilities, notably in appointing key personnel within the judiciary. Several months subsequent to the initial legislation, the government under Giovanni Giolitti enacted Law no. 689 of 1907, which delineated the structure and function of the new council. Ostensibly established to administer the judiciary on behalf of the King of Italy, the arrangement of the Council's members indicated a clear dependen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Consiglio Superiore Della Magistratura
Consiglio may refer to: * Consiglio di Rumo, frazione of the comune of Gravedona ed Uniti, Province of Como, Lombardy, northern Italy * Cyprian Consiglio, American composer, musician, Camaldolese monk and Catholic priest * Douglas Consiglio, Canadian middle-distance runner {{disambiguation, surname ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Due Process Of Law
Due process of law is application by the state of all legal rules and principles pertaining to a case so all legal rights that are owed to a person are respected. Due process balances the power of law of the land and protects the individual person from it. When a government harms a person without following the exact course of the law, this constitutes a due process violation, which offends the rule of law. Due process has also been frequently interpreted as limiting laws and legal proceedings (see substantive due process) so that judges, instead of legislators, may define and guarantee fundamental fairness, justice, and liberty. That interpretation has proven controversial. Analogous to the concepts of natural justice and procedural justice used in various other jurisdictions, the interpretation of due process is sometimes expressed as a command that the government must not be unfair to the people or abuse them physically or mentally. The term is not used in contemporary Englis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitution Of The Italian Republic
The Constitution of the Italian Republic () was ratified on 22 December 1947 by the Constituent Assembly, with 453 votes in favour and 62 against, before coming into force on 1 January 1948, one century after the previous Constitution of the Kingdom of Italy had been enacted. The text, which has since been amended sixteen times, was promulgated in an extraordinary edition of Gazzetta Ufficiale on 27 December 1947. The Constituent Assembly was elected by universal suffrage on 2 June 1946, on the same day as the referendum on the abolition of the monarchy was held, and it was formed by the representatives of all the anti-fascist forces that contributed to the defeat of Nazi and Fascist forces during the liberation of Italy. The election was held in all Italian provinces, except the provinces of Bolzano, Gorizia, Trieste, Pola, Fiume and Zara, located in territories not administered by the Italian government but by the Allied authorities, which were still under occupation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Napoleonic Civil Code
The Napoleonic Code (), officially the Civil Code of the French (; simply referred to as ), is the French civil code established during the French Consulate in 1804 and still in force in France, although heavily and frequently amended since its inception. Although Napoleon himself was not directly involved in the drafting of the Code, as it was drafted by a commission of four eminent jurists,Robert B. Holtman, ''The Napoleonic Revolution'' (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1981) he chaired many of the commission's plenary sessions, and his support was crucial to its enactment. The code, with its stress on clearly written and accessible law, was a major milestone in the abolition of the previous patchwork of feudal laws. Historian Robert Holtman regards it as one of the few documents that have influenced the whole world. The Napoleonic Code was not the first legal code to be established in a European country with a civil-law legal system; it was preceded by the ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German BGB
German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also German nationality law **Germanic peoples (Roman era) *German diaspora * German language * German cuisine, traditional foods of Germany People * German (given name) * German (surname) * Germán, a Spanish name Places * German (parish), Isle of Man * German, Albania, or Gërmej * German, Bulgaria * German, Iran * German, North Macedonia * German, New York, U.S. * Agios Germanos, Greece Other uses * German (mythology), a South Slavic mythological being * Germans (band), a Canadian rock band * "German" (song), a 2019 song by No Money Enterprise * ''The German'', a 2008 short film * "The Germans", an episode of ''Fawlty Towers'' * ''The German'', a nickname for Congolese rebel André Kisase Ngandu See also * Germanic (disambiguatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
