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JavaScript
JavaScript (), often abbreviated as JS, is a programming language and core technology of the World Wide Web, alongside HTML and CSS. Ninety-nine percent of websites use JavaScript on the client side for webpage behavior. Web browsers have a dedicated JavaScript engine that executes the client code. These engines are also utilized in some servers and a variety of apps. The most popular runtime system for non-browser usage is Node.js. JavaScript is a high-level, often just-in-time–compiled language that conforms to the ECMAScript standard. It has dynamic typing, prototype-based object-orientation, and first-class functions. It is multi-paradigm, supporting event-driven, functional, and imperative programming styles. It has application programming interfaces (APIs) for working with text, dates, regular expressions, standard data structures, and the Document Object Model (DOM). The ECMAScript standard does not include any input/output (I/O), such as netwo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SpiderMonkey
SpiderMonkey is an open-source JavaScript and WebAssembly engine by the Mozilla Foundation. The engine powers the Firefox Web browser and has used multiple generations of JavaScript just-in-time (JIT) compilers, including TraceMonkey, JägerMonkey, IonMonkey, and the current WarpMonkey. It is the first JavaScript engine, written by Brendan Eich at Netscape Communications, and later released as open source and currently maintained by the Mozilla Foundation. Its design allows it to be embedded in applications beyond Web browsers, with implementations including MongoDB database system, Adobe Acrobat, and the GNOME desktop environment. History Eich "wrote JavaScript in ten days" in 1995, having been "recruited to Netscape with the promise of 'doing Scheme' in the browser". (The idea of using Scheme was abandoned when "engineering management ecidedthat the language must 'look like Java Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ECMAScript
ECMAScript (; ES) is a standard for scripting languages, including JavaScript, JScript, and ActionScript. It is best known as a JavaScript standard intended to ensure the interoperability of web pages across different web browsers. It is standardized by Ecma International in the documenECMA-262 ECMAScript is commonly used for client-side scripting on the World Wide Web, and it is increasingly being used for server-side applications and services using runtime environments such as Node.js, Deno and Bun. ECMAScript, ECMA-262, JavaScript ECMA-262, or the ''ECMAScript Language Specification'', defines the ''ECMAScript Language'', or just ECMAScript. ECMA-262 specifies only language syntax and the semantics of the core application programming interface ( API), such as , , and , while valid implementations of JavaScript add their own functionality such as input/output and file system handling. History The ECMAScript specification is a standardized specification of a script ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JavaScriptCore
WebKit is a browser engine primarily used in Apple's Safari web browser, as well as all web browsers on iOS and iPadOS. WebKit is also used by the PlayStation consoles starting with the PS3, the Tizen mobile operating systems, the Amazon Kindle e-book reader, Nintendo consoles starting with the 3DS Internet Browser, GNOME Web, and the discontinued BlackBerry Browser. WebKit started as a fork of the KHTML and KJS libraries from KDE, and has since been further developed by KDE contributors, Apple, Google, Nokia, Bitstream, BlackBerry, Sony, Igalia, and others. WebKit supports macOS, Windows, Linux, and various other Unix-like operating systems. On April 3, 2013, Google announced that it had forked WebCore, a component of WebKit, to be used in future versions of Google Chrome and the Opera web browser, under the name Blink. Its JavaScript engine, JavascriptCore, also powers the Bun server-side JS runtime, as opposed to V8 used by Node.js, Deno, and Bli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dart (programming Language)
Dart is a programming language designed by Lars Bak and Kasper Lund and developed by Google. It can be used to develop web and mobile apps as well as server and desktop applications. Dart is an object-oriented, class-based, garbage-collected language with C-style syntax. It can compile to machine code, JavaScript, or WebAssembly. It supports interfaces, mixins, abstract classes, reified generics and type inference. The latest version of Dart is . History Dart was unveiled at the GOTO conference in Aarhus, Denmark, October 10–12, 2011. Lars Bak and Kasper Lund founded the project. Dart 1.0 was released on November 14, 2013. Dart had a mixed reception at first. Some criticized the Dart initiative for fragmenting the web because of plans to include a Dart VM in Chrome. Those plans were dropped in 2015 with the Dart 1.9 release. Focus changed to compiling Dart code to JavaScript. Dart 2.0 was released in August 2018 with language changes including a type sy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AssemblyScript
AssemblyScript is a TypeScript-based programming language that is optimized for, and statically compiled to, WebAssembly (currently using , the reference AssemblyScript compiler). Resembling ECMAScript and JavaScript, but with static data types, the language is developed by the AssemblyScript Project with contributions from the AssemblyScript community. Overview In 2017, the availability of support for WebAssembly, a standard definition for a low-level bytecode and an associated virtual machine, became widespread among major web browsers, providing web programs a lower-level and potentially higher-performance compiling target for client-side programs and applications to execute within web browsers, along with the interpreted (and in practice dynamically compiled) JavaScript web scripting language. WebAssembly allows programs and code to be statically compiled ahead of time in order to run at potentially native-level or '' bare machine'' (metal) performance within web ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CoffeeScript
CoffeeScript is a programming language that compiles to JavaScript. It adds syntactic sugar inspired by Ruby, Python, and Haskell in an effort to enhance JavaScript's brevity and readability. Some added features include list comprehension and destructuring assignment. CoffeeScript support is included in Ruby on Rails version 3.1 and Play Framework. In 2011, Brendan Eich referenced CoffeeScript as an influence on his thoughts about the future of JavaScript. History On December 13, 2009, Jeremy Ashkenas made the first Git commit of CoffeeScript with the comment "initial commit of the mystery language". The compiler was written in Ruby. On December 24, he made the first tagged and documented release, 0.1.0. On February 21, 2010, he committed version 0.5, which replaced the Ruby compiler with a self-hosting version in pure CoffeeScript. By that time the project had attracted several other contributors on GitHub, and was receiving over 300 page hits per day. On Decembe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
V8 (JavaScript Engine)
V8 is a JavaScript and WebAssembly engine developed by Google for its Chrome browser. V8 is free and open-source software that is part of the Chromium project and also used separately in non-browser contexts, notably the Node.js runtime system. Other server-side JavaScript runtimes use alternative engines, such as Bun (which uses JavaScriptCore) and Hermes (used by React Native). History Google created V8 for its Chrome browser, and both were first released in 2008. The lead developer of V8 was Lars Bak, and it was named after the powerful car engine. For several years, Chrome was faster than other browsers at executing JavaScript. The V8 assembler is based on the Strongtalk assembler. On 7 December 2010, a new compiling infrastructure named Crankshaft was released, with speed improvements. In version 41 of Chrome in 2015, project TurboFan was added to provide more performance improvements with previously challenging workloads such as asm.js. Much of V8's develop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scope (computer Science)
In computer programming, the scope of a name binding (an association of a name to an entity, such as a variable) is the part of a program where the name binding is valid; that is, where the name can be used to refer to the entity. In other parts of the program, the name may refer to a different entity (it may have a different binding), or to nothing at all (it may be unbound). Scope helps prevent name collisions by allowing the same name to refer to different objects – as long as the names have separate scopes. The scope of a name binding is also known as the visibility of an entity, particularly in older or more technical literature—this is in relation to the referenced entity, not the referencing name. The term "scope" is also used to refer to the set of ''all'' name bindings that are valid within a part of a program or at a given point in a program, which is more correctly referred to as ''context'' or ''environment''. Strictly speaking and in practice for most programm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JS++
JS++ is a programming language for web development that extends JavaScript with a sound type system. It includes imperative, object-oriented, functional, and generic programming features. It is free and open-source software released under a BSD license. History JS++ first appeared on October 8, 2011. The modern implementation was announced at DeveloperWeek 2016 and released on May 31, 2016. The language is designed by Roger Poon and Anton Rapetov. Syntax Type annotations Since JS++ is a superset of JavaScript, declaring data types for variables is optional. int x = 1; // declares the variable x with an "internal type" (JS++ type) var y = 2; // declares the variable y with an "external type" (JavaScript type) bool z = true; // declares the variable z with an "internal type" (JS++ type) Example The following example is available on the homepage of JS++. import System; // Import JavaScript libraries in one line of code external jQuery, $; class Example Fe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brendan Eich
Brendan Eich ( ; born July 4, 1961) is an American computer programmer and technology executive. He created the JavaScript programming language and co-founded the Mozilla project, the Mozilla Foundation, and the Mozilla Corporation. He served as the Mozilla Corporation's chief technical officer before he was appointed chief executive officer, but resigned shortly after his appointment due to pressure over his opposition to same-sex marriage. He subsequently became the cofounder and CEO of Brave Software. Early life Eich grew up in Pittsburgh; Gaithersburg, Maryland; and Palo Alto, where he attended Ellwood P. Cubberley High School, graduating in the class of 1979. He received his bachelor's degree in mathematics and computer science at Santa Clara University, and he received his master's degree in 1985 from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Eich is Roman Catholic. He began his career at Silicon Graphics, working for seven years on operating system and net ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ArkTS
ArkTS (short for Ark TypeScript) is a high-level general-purpose, multi-paradigm, compiled, declarative, static type programming language developed by Huawei which is an extension superset of open-source TypeScript (TS), in turn a superset of JavaScript (JS) formerly used in July 2022 HarmonyOS 3.0 version, alongside its evolved precursor, extended TypeScript (eTS) built for HarmonyOS development as a shift toward declarative programming. ArkTS compiles to machine code via its ahead-of-time compilation Ark Compiler. ArkTS was first released in September 30, 2021 on OpenHarmony, and the ArkTS toolchain has shipped in DevEco Studio since version 3.1, released in 2022. Since, OpenHarmony 4.0 release on October 26, 2023, ArkTS APIs has been added to the open source community to contribute. Huawei intended ArkTS to support many core concepts associated with extended TypeScript (eTS) based on TypeScript and in turn JavaScript from previous versions of HarmonyOS 3.0 with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chakra (JavaScript Engine)
Chakra was a free and open-source JavaScript engine developed by Microsoft for its Microsoft Edge Legacy web browser. It is a fork of the same-named JScript engine used in Internet Explorer. Like the EdgeHTML browser engine, the declared intention was that it would reflect the "Living Web". The core components of ''Chakra'' were open-sourced as ChakraCore. In 2021, Microsoft terminated support for the engine, citing its transition to a Chromium based engine for Edge. Support has been transferred to the community, where it remains inactive. Standards support Chakra supports ECMAScript 5.1 with partial support for ECMAScript 2015. Open sourcing Following an initial announcement on December 5, 2015, [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
