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James Temple
James Temple (c. 1606–1680) was a puritan and English Civil War soldier who was convicted of the List of regicides of Charles I, regicide of Charles I of England, Charles I. Born in Rochester, Kent, to a well-connected gentry family, he was the second of two sons of Sir Alexander Temple, although his elder brother died in 1627. As a child, Temple moved with his father from Rochester to Chadwell St Mary in Essex and then to Etchingham in Sussex, where he settled. Temple gained military experience as a member of the George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, Duke of Buckingham's expedition to the Isle of Ré in 1627. As a puritan, he joined the Parliament of England, Parliamentary army at the outbreak of the Civil War and fought at the Battle of Edgehill. He rose to become a colonel and commanded Tilbury Fort, an important defensive position on the approach to London by river. He was elected as a Member of Parliament (UK), Member of Parliament (MP) for Bramber in September 1645 t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rochester, Kent
Rochester ( ) is a town in the unitary authority of Medway, in Kent, England. It is at the lowest bridging point of the River Medway, about east-southeast of London. The town forms a conurbation with neighbouring towns Chatham, Kent, Chatham, Rainham, Kent, Rainham, Strood and Gillingham, Kent, Gillingham. Rochester was a City status in the United Kingdom, city until losing its status as one in 1998 in the United Kingdom, 1998 following the forming of Medway and failing to protect its status as a city, the first city to do so in the history of the United Kingdom. There have been ongoing campaigns to reinstate the city status for Rochester. In 2011 in the United Kingdom, 2011 it had a population of 62,982. Rochester was for many years a favourite of Charles Dickens, who owned nearby Gads Hill Place, Higham, Kent, Higham, basing many of his novels on the area. The Diocese of Rochester, the second-oldest in England, is centred on Rochester Cathedral and was responsible for foundin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pride's Purge
Pride's Purge is the name commonly given to an event that took place on 6 December 1648, when soldiers prevented members of Parliament considered hostile to the New Model Army from entering the House of Commons of England. Despite defeat in the First English Civil War, Charles I of England, Charles I retained significant political power. This allowed him to create an alliance with Scots Covenanters and Roundhead, Parliamentarian moderates to restore him to the English throne. The result was the 1648 Second English Civil War, in which he was defeated once again. Convinced only his removal could end the conflict, senior commanders of the New Model Army took control of London on 5 December. The next day, soldiers commanded by Colonel Thomas Pride forcibly excluded from the Long Parliament those MPs viewed as their opponents, and arrested 45. The purge cleared the way for the Execution of Charles I, execution of Charles in January 1649, and establishment of the The Protectorate, Pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martin Lister
Martin Lister (12 April 1639 – 2 February 1712) was an English natural history, naturalist and physician. His daughters Anne Lister (illustrator), Anne and Susanna Lister, Susanna were two of his illustrators and engravers. J. D. Woodley, 'Lister , Susanna (bap. 1670, d. 1738)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 200accessed 10 April 2017/ref> Life Lister was born at Radclive, Radcliffe, near Buckingham, the son of Martin Lister (MP), Sir Martin Lister MP for Brackley in the Long Parliament and his wife Susanna Temple, a daughter of Alexander Temple, Sir Alexander Temple. Lister was connected to a number of well known individuals. He was the nephew of both James Temple, the regicide and also of Matthew Lister (died 1657), Matthew Lister, physician to Anne of Denmark, Anne, queen of James I of England, James I, and to Charles I of England, Charles I. He was also the uncle of Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough who corre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Susanna Temple
Susanna Temple, Lady Lister (formerly Thornhurst; 1600-1669) was an English courtier. A daughter of Alexander Temple of Etchingham and Mary Penistone, ''nee'' Mary Sommer or Somers (a daughter of John Somers), she is said to have been a maid of honour to Anne of Denmark. However, she is not known to be named in any records of the court. Her portrait was painted by Cornelius Johnson in 1620. She is depicted wearing a drop earring, including a martlet, the bird is part of the Temple coat of arms. Another portrait was painted in 1621 by an artist working in the manner of Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger. There is also a miniature in the manner of Nicholas Hilliard, with her hair down. She married Sir Gifford Thornhurst of Agney Court, Kent (d. 1627), the son of William Thornhurst (d. 1606) and Anne Howard, a daughter of Thomas Howard, Viscount Bindon. Their daughter Frances, born after the death of Gifford in 1627, and named after one of his sisters, was the mother of Sarah ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye And Sele
William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele (28 June 158214 April 1662) was an English nobleman and politician. He was a leading critic of Charles I's rule during the 1620s and 1630s. He was known also for his involvement in several companies for setting up overseas colonies. Early life He was born at the family home of Broughton Castle near Banbury, in Oxfordshire, the only son of Richard Fiennes, 7th Baron Saye and Sele, and his wife Constance, daughter of Sir William Kingsmill. He was educated at New College, Oxford. He was a descendant and heir of the sister of William of Wykeham, the college's founder. Fiennes succeeded to his father's barony in 1613. 1620s During the latter part of James I's reign, Saye was one of the most prominent opponents of the court. In 1621 he was active against Francis Bacon, and urged that he should be degraded from the peerage. In 1622 he opposed the benevolence levied by the king, saying that he knew no law besides parliament to persuade men ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sir Thomas Temple, 1st Baronet, Of Stowe
Sir Thomas Temple, 1st Baronet (9 January 1567 – 10 February 1637) was an English landowner and Member of Parliament. Early life Thomas Temple was the eldest son of John Temple and his wife, Susan Spencer. Although he is said to have been born at Burton Dassett in Warwickshire, this seems improbable as his baptism on 9 January 1566/7 is recorded at Everton, Northamptonshire, the childhood home of his mother. As a child he moved with his father to Stowe House in Buckinghamshire. He grew up in a well connected, Puritan family - two of his brothers-in-law were William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele and Sir Nicholas Parker, while his nephew was James Temple, the regicide. In 1582, he matriculated at University College, Oxford at the age of 16. He was admitted to Lincoln's Inn in 1584. Marriage and children Thomas Temple married Hester Sandys, daughter of Miles Sandys in about 1585 or 1586. Thomas and Hester had fifteen recorded children, 2 of whom died in infancy; of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sir Thomas Peniston
Sir Thomas Penyston, 1st Baronet (c. 1591–1644) was a 17th-century member of the gentry who received one of the first baronetcies. In 1637 he was sheriff of Oxfordshire and in 1640, he was a member of parliament for Westbury. Early life Sir Thomas Penyston (or Penistone) was the eldest son of Thomas Penyston (or Penistone) and Mary Sommer. His parents had married in 1590 at St Bride's, Fleet Street. Thomas was a wealthy wool merchant living in Rochester, but with access to London. Mary belonged to a prominent Rochester family. They lived in the parish of St Margaret's in a house that his mother had inherited from her father. Thomas had a younger brother and two younger sisters. There is a surviving portrait of Thomas and his mother, which was painted in 1598. The portrait was painted by Robert Peake the elder, one of the country's leading portrait painters. In Peake's portrait, Thomas is standing beside his mother wearing a silver costume. She is wearing a brown dress with a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James VI And I
James VI and I (James Charles Stuart; 19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and King of Ireland, Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 March 1603 until Death and funeral of James VI and I, his death in 1625. Although he long tried to get both countries to adopt a closer political union, the kingdoms of Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland and Kingdom of England, England remained sovereign states, with their own parliaments, judiciaries, and laws, ruled by James in personal union. James was the son of Mary, Queen of Scots, and a great-great-grandson of Henry VII of England, Henry VII, King of England and Lord of Ireland, and thus a potential successor to all three thrones. He acceded to the Scottish throne at the age of thirteen months, after his mother was forced to abdicate in his favour. Although his mother was a Catholic, James was brought up as a Protestant. Four regents gove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tower Of London
The Tower of London, officially His Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress of the Tower of London, is a historic citadel and castle on the north bank of the River Thames in central London, England. It lies within the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, which is separated from the eastern edge of the square mile of the City of London by the open space known as Tower Hill. It was founded toward the end of 1066 as part of the Norman Conquest. The White Tower (Tower of London), White Tower, which gives the entire castle its name, was built by William the Conqueror in 1078 and was initially a resented symbol of oppression, inflicted upon London by the new Normans, Norman ruling class. The castle was also used as a prison from 1100 (Ranulf Flambard, Bishop of Durham) until 1952 (the Kray twins), although that was not its primary purpose. A grand palace early in its history, it served as a royal residence. As a whole, the Tower is a complex of several buildings set within two concentric ring ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gentry
Gentry (from Old French , from ) are "well-born, genteel and well-bred people" of high social class, especially in the past. ''Gentry'', in its widest connotation, refers to people of good social position connected to Landed property, landed estates (see manorialism), upper levels of the clergy, or long established "gentle" families of noble descent, some of whom in some cases never obtained the official right to bear a coat of arms. The gentry largely consisted of landowners who could support themselves entirely from Renting#Rental investment, rental income or at least had a Estate (land), country estate; some were Gentleman farmer, gentleman farmers. In the United Kingdom ''gentry'' specifically refers to the landed gentry: the majority of the land-owning social class who typically had a coat of arms but did not hold a Peerages in the United Kingdom, peerage. The adjective "Patrician (post-Roman Europe), patrician" ("of or like a person of high social rank") describes comparabl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stowe House
Stowe House is a grade I listed building, listed country house in Stowe, Buckinghamshire, Stowe, Buckinghamshire, England. It is the home of the Private schools in the United Kingdom, private Stowe School and is owned by the Stowe House Preservation Trust. Over the years, it has been restored and maintained as one of the finest country houses in the UK. Stowe House is regularly open to the public. The gardens (known as Stowe Gardens, formerly Stowe Landscape Gardens), are a significant example of the English garden, and, along with the Park, passed into the ownership of the National Trust in 1989. National Trust members have free access to the gardens but there is a charge for all visitors to the house which goes towards costs of restoration. The gardens and most of the parkland are listed Grade I separately from the house. The park and gardens saw 213,721 visitors during 2020/21. History The medieval settlement of Stowe clustered around the parish church of St Mary's, Sto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Temple
Sir Alexander Temple (bapt. 9 February 1582 OS (1583 NS) – 1629) was an English landowner and Member of Parliament. He was born at Stowe House in 1583 and knighted in 1603. During his life he held many public offices, including justice of the peace and MP for Sussex. He was buried in Rochester Cathedral where there was a memorial to him which is now lost. Family Temple was born at Stowe House, the fourth son of John Temple and Susan Spencer) and was baptised on 9 February 1582 OS. He was the brother of Sir Thomas Temple and the brother-in-law of Viscount Saye and Sele. In 1602 he married Mary Penistone (née Sommer or Somers, a daughter of John Somers), of Rochester Kent. They had three children: * * John, killed at the Isle of Rhe; * * James Temple, the regicide; * * Susan or Susanna Temple who is often said to have been maid of honour to Anne of Denmark, however, she is not known to be named in any records of the court. She married (1) Sir Gifford Thornhurst of Ag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
