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James M. Bell (U.S. Army Brigadier General)
James M. Bell (October 1, 1837 – September 17, 1919) was a career officer in the United States Army. A Union Army veteran of the American Civil War, Bell went on to serve in the American Indian Wars, Spanish–American War, and Philippine–American War, and attained the rank of brigadier general. A native of Williamsburg, Pennsylvania, Bell graduated from Wittenberg College in 1862 and enlisted in the Union Army. Commissioned as a first lieutenant in the 86th Ohio Infantry Regiment, he served with this regiment until June 1863, when he was promoted to captain as commander of the Independent Troop, Pennsylvania Cavalry, which he led until August, when he assumed command of a troop in the 13th Pennsylvania Cavalry Regiment, with which he served until the end of the war. Engagements in which Bell took part included the Battle of the Wilderness and the Second Battle of Ream's Station. He received brevet promotion to captain for heroism at the Wilderness, and major for Ream's St ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Williamsburg, Pennsylvania
Williamsburg in Morrisons Cove, is a borough in Blair County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,241 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Altoona, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area History Before the first settlers arrived in the vicinity of what was later called the Big Spring, this area was part of the hunting grounds of the Lenape and Shawnee. On July 6, 1754, a treaty was signed at Albany, New York between the Iroquois and the William Penn heirs, opening up portions of the west for settlement. However, British policy forbidding western expansion was in effect until after the American Revolution. The massacre of Captain William Phillips' Rangers took place near Williamsburg in July 1780. Ten men were murdered after surrendering to a party of Indians. On September 17, 1789, George Reynolds took out a patent from the Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania for a large tract of unsettled land surrounding the Big Spring which flows into the Juniata River. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wittenberg College
Wittenberg University (officially Wittenberg College) is a Private university, private Liberal arts colleges in the United States, liberal arts college in Springfield, Ohio. It has 1,326 full-time students drawn from 33 states and 9 foreign countries. Wittenberg University is associated with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. History Wittenberg College was founded in 1845 by a group of ministers in the English Evangelical Lutheran Synod of Ohio, which had previously separated from the recently established German (language), German-speaking Evangelical Lutheran Joint Synod of Ohio, Evangelical Lutheran Joint Synod of Ohio and Other States. The college was named for the historic Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, University of Wittenberg in Wittenberg, Germany, the town in which Martin Luther famously posted his ''Ninety-five Theses'' on the church door on October 31, 1517. A German American pastor of the Lutheran, Evangelical Lutheran Church, the Rev. Ezra K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Pacific Railway
The Northern Pacific Railway was an important American transcontinental railroad that operated across the northern tier of the Western United States, from Minnesota to the Pacific Northwest between 1864 and 1970. It was approved and chartered by the 38th Congress of the United States in the national / federal capital of Washington, D.C., during the last years of the American Civil War (1861-1865), and received nearly of adjacent land grants, which it used to raise additional money in Europe (especially in President Henry Villard's home country of the new German Empire), for construction funding. Construction began in 1870 and the main line opened all the way from the Great Lakes to the Pacific Ocean, just south of the United States-Canada border when Ulysses S. Grant, drove in the final "golden spike" completing the line in western Montana Territory (future State of Montana in 1889), on September 8, 1883. The railroad had about of track and served a large area, including ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lieutenant Colonel (United States)
In the United States Army, United States Marine Corps, Marine Corps, United States Air Force, Air Force and United States Space Force, Space Force, lieutenant colonel is a senior officer rank, just above the rank of Major (United States), major and just below the rank of Colonel (United States), colonel. It is equivalent to the naval rank of Commander (United States), commander in the other Uniformed services of the United States, uniformed services. The U.S. uniformed services pay grades, pay grade for the rank of lieutenant colonel is O-5. In the United States armed forces, the insignia for the rank is a silver oak leaf, with slight stylized differences between the version of the Army and the Air Force and that of the Navy and the Marine Corps. Promotion to lieutenant colonel is governed by Department of Defense policies derived from the Defense Officer Personnel Management Act (DOPMA) of 1980, for officers in the Active Component, and its companion Reserve Officer Personn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Canyon Creek
The Battle of Canyon Creek was a military engagement in Montana Territory between the Nez Perce Indians and the United States Army's 7th Cavalry Regiment, 7th Cavalry. The battle was part of the larger Indian Wars of the latter 19th century and the immediate Nez Perce War. It took place on September 13, 1877, west of present-day Billings, Montana, Billings in Yellowstone County, Montana, Yellowstone County, in the canyons and benches around Canyon Creek. Background In June 1877, several bands of the Nez Perce, resisting relocation from their native lands on the Wallowa River in northeast Oregon to a reservation in North Central Idaho, north-central Idaho Territory on the Clearwater River (Idaho), Clearwater River, attempted to escape to the east through Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming Territory, Wyoming territories, over the Rocky Mountains into the Great Plains. By September, the Nez Perce had traveled nearly and fought several battles in which they defeated or held off the U.S. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of The Washita River
The Battle of the Washita River (also called Battle of the Washita or the Washita Massacre) occurred on November 27, 1868, when Lt. Col. George Armstrong Custer's 7th U.S. Cavalry attacked Black Kettle's Southern Cheyenne camp on the Washita River (the present-day Washita Battlefield National Historic Site near Cheyenne, Oklahoma). The Cheyenne camp was the most isolated band of a major winter encampment along the river of numerous Native American tribal bands, totaling thousands of people. Custer's forces attacked the village because scouts had found it by tracking the trail of an Indian party that had raided white settlers. Black Kettle and his people had been at peace and were seeking peace. Custer's soldiers killed women and children in addition to warriors, although they also took many captives to serve as hostages and human shield, human shields. The number of Cheyenne killed in the attack has been disputed since the first reports. Background After the Southern Cheyenne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
7th Cavalry Regiment
The 7th Cavalry Regiment is a United States Army cavalry regiment formed in 1866. Its official nickname is "Garryowen", after the Irish air " Garryowen" that was adopted as its march tune. The regiment participated in some of the largest battles of the American Indian Wars, including its famous defeat at the Battle of the Little Bighorn, where its commander Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer was killed. The regiment also committed the Wounded Knee Massacre, where more than 250 men, women and children of the Lakota were killed. The 7th Cavalry became part of the 1st Cavalry Division in the 1920s, it went on to fight in the Pacific Theater of World War II and took part in the Admiralty Islands, Leyte and Luzon campaigns. It later participated several key battles of the Korean War. During the Korean War the unit committed the No Gun Ri massacre, in which between 250 and 300 South Korean refugees were killed, mostly women and children. The unit later participate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Major (United States)
In the United States Army, United States Marine Corps, Marine Corps, United States Air Force, Air Force and United States Space Force, Space Force, major is a field officer above the military rank, rank of Captain (United States O-3), captain and below the rank of Lieutenant colonel (United States), lieutenant colonel. It is equivalent to the rank of Lieutenant commander (United States), lieutenant commander in the United States Navy, Navy and United States Coast Guard, Coast Guard. Although lieutenant commanders are considered junior officers by their services, majors are senior officers. The U.S. uniformed services pay grades, pay grade for the rank of major is O-4. The insignia for the rank consists of a golden Oak#Culture, oak leaf, with slight stylized differences between the versions of the different services. Promotion to the rank of major is governed by the United States Department of Defense, Department of Defense policies derived from the Defense Officer Personnel Manag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brevet (rank)
In military terminology, a brevet ( or ) is a warrant which gives commissioned officers a higher military rank as a reward without necessarily conferring the authority and privileges granted by that rank. The promotion would be noted in the officer's title (for example, "Bvt. Maj. Gen. Joshua L. Chamberlain" or "Bvt. Col. Arthur MacArthur"). It is not to be confused with a '' Brevet d'état-major'' in Francophone European military circles, where it is an award, nor should it be confused with temporary commissions. France In France, ''brevet'' is a word with a very broad meaning, which includes every document giving a capacity to a person. For instance, the various military speciality courses, such as military parachutism, are ended by the award of a brevet. The more important brevet in the French military is that of the École de guerre (''lit''. "school of war"), the French Staff College. Between 1870 and 1940, an ''officier breveté'' was a graduate of the ''Écol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Battle Of Ream's Station
The Second Battle of Ream's Station (also Reams or Reams's) was fought during the siege of Petersburg in the American Civil War on August 25, 1864, in Dinwiddie County, Virginia. A Union force under Maj. Gen. Winfield S. Hancock began destroying part of the Petersburg Railroad, which was a vital supply line for Gen. Robert E. Lee's Confederate army in Petersburg, Virginia. Lee sent a force under Lieutenant General (CSA), Lt. Gen. A. P. Hill to challenge Hancock and the Confederates were able to rout the Union troops from their fortifications at Reams Station. However, they lost a key portion of the railroad, causing further logistical difficulties for the remainder of the Richmond-Petersburg Campaign. Background As the siege of Petersburg began to take hold, Union Lieutenant General (United States), Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant continued to look for ways to sever the railroad links supplying the city of Petersburg, Virginia, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's army, and the Confed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of The Wilderness
The Battle of the Wilderness was fought on May 5–7, 1864, during the American Civil War. It was the first battle of Lieutenant general (United States), Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant's 1864 Virginia Overland Campaign against General (CSA), General Robert E. Lee and the Confederate States Army, Confederate Army of Northern Virginia. The fighting occurred in a wooded area near Locust Grove, Orange County, Virginia, Locust Grove, Virginia, about west of Fredericksburg, Virginia, Fredericksburg. Both armies suffered heavy casualties, nearly 29,000 in total, a harbinger of a Attrition warfare, war of attrition by Grant against Lee's army and, eventually, against the Confederate capital, Richmond in the American Civil War, Richmond, Virginia. The battle was Military tactics, tactically inconclusive, as Grant disengaged and then continued his offensive. Grant attempted to move quickly through the dense underbrush of the The Wilderness Forest, Wilderness of Spotsylvania, but L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
