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Iwakura Mission
The Iwakura Mission or Iwakura Embassy (, ''Iwakura Shisetsudan'') was a Japanese diplomatic voyage to Europe and the United States conducted between 1871 and 1873 by leading statesmen and scholars of the Meiji period. It was not the only such mission, but it is the most well-known and possibly most significant in terms of its impact on the modernization of Japan after a long period of isolation from the West. The mission was first proposed by the influential Dutch missionary and engineer Guido Verbeck, based to some degree on the model of the Grand Embassy of Peter I. The aim of the mission was threefold: to gain Diplomatic recognition, recognition for the newly reinstated imperial dynasty under the Emperor Meiji; to begin preliminary renegotiation of the unequal treaties with the dominant world powers; and to make a comprehensive study of modern industrial, political, military and educational systems and structures in the United States and Europe. The Iwakura Mission followed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kido Takayoshi
, formerly known as , was a Japanese statesman, samurai and ''Shishi (Japan), shishi'' who is considered one of the Three Great Nobles of the Restoration, three great nobles who led the Meiji Restoration. Early life Born Wada Kogorō on August 11, 1833 in Hagi, Yamaguchi, Hagi, Chōshū Domain (present-day Yamaguchi Prefecture) as the son of a samurai physician and his second wife . In 1840, due to his brother-in-law already being the head of the Wada family, he was later adopted into the Katsura family at age seven and was known as . The Katsura family's stipend was originally 150 ''koku'', but due to the late nature of his adoption which took place as his adoptive father was already on his deathbed, who died ten days later, it was reduced to 90 ''koku''. Katsura Kogorō thus became the head of the Katsura family. A year later in 1841, his adoptive mother also died, months later he was returned to his old home. In 1848, he lost his mother and elder half-sister Yaeko to ill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kume Kunitake
was a historian in Meiji and Taishō period Japan. He had a son, Kume Keiichirō, who was a noted painter. Biography Kume was born in Saga Domain, Hizen Province (present-day Saga Prefecture), and was active in attempting to assist the administrative reform of Saga domain during the Bakumatsu period. After the Meiji Restoration, he was selected to join the Iwakura Mission on its around-the-world voyage in 1871–73 as the private secretary to Iwakura Tomomi. In 1878, he published the ''Tokumei Zenken Taishi Bei-O Kairan Jikki'' ( 「特命全権大使米欧回覧実記」), a five-volume account of the journey, and of what he observed of the United States and Europe. Kume became a professor at primary Tokyo Imperial University in 1888, while contributing to '' Dai Nihon Hennenshi'', an encyclopedic comprehensive history of Japan. In 1889, he was awarded the Order of the Sacred Treasure.Brownlee, John. (1997). ''Japanese historians and the national myths, 1600–1945: the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abolition Of The Han System
The in the Empire of Japan and its replacement by a system of prefectures in 1871 was the culmination of the Meiji Restoration begun in 1868, the starting year of the Meiji period. Under the reform, all daimyos (, ''daimyō'', feudal lords) were required to return their authority to the Emperor Meiji and his house. The process was accomplished in several stages, resulting in a new centralized government of Meiji Japan and the replacement of the old feudal system with a new oligarchy. Boshin War After the defeat of forces loyal to the Tokugawa shogunate during the Boshin War in 1868, the new Meiji government confiscated all lands formerly under direct control of the Shogunate (''tenryō'') and lands controlled by daimyos who remained loyal to the Tokugawa cause. These lands accounted for approximately a quarter of the land area of Japan and were reorganized into prefectures with governors appointed directly by the central government. Return of the domains The second ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Makino Nobuaki
Count , was a Japanese politician and imperial court official. As Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal of Japan, Makino served as Emperor Hirohito's chief counselor on the monarch's position in Japanese society and policymaking. After victory in World War I, Makino was appointed to be one of Japan's ambassador plenipotentiaries to the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, headed by the elder statesman, Marquis Saionji. At the conference, he and other members of the delegation put forth a Racial Equality Proposal. It won the majority of votes, but was vetoed by the chairman, President Woodrow Wilson. Even after his retirement in 1935, he remained a close advisor to the throne through the end of World War II in 1945. Early life and education Born to a samurai family in Kagoshima, Satsuma Domain (present day Kagoshima Prefecture), Makino was the second son of Ōkubo Toshimichi, but adopted into the Makino family at a very early age. In 1871, at age 11, he accompanied Ōkubo on the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Portsmouth
The Treaty of Portsmouth is a treaty that formally ended the 1904–1905 Russo-Japanese War. It was signed on September 5, 1905, after negotiations from August 6 to 30, at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Kittery, Maine, United States. U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt was instrumental in the negotiations and won the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts, the first ever American recipient. The treaty recognized Japan's hegemony in Korea (which soon after became a protectorate of the Empire of Japan), awarded it Russia's lease on the Liaodong Peninsula (which became the Kwantung Leased Territory), control of the Russian-built South Manchuria Railway, and the southern half of the island of Sakhalin (Karafuto). Background The war of 1904–1905 was fought between the Russian Empire, an international power with one of the largest armies in the world, and the Empire of Japan, a nation that had only recently industrialized after two-and-a-half centuries of isolation. A series of battl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russo-Japanese War
The Russo-Japanese War (8 February 1904 – 5 September 1905) was fought between the Russian Empire and the Empire of Japan over rival imperial ambitions in Manchuria and the Korean Empire. The major land battles of the war were fought on the Liaodong Peninsula and near Shenyang, Mukden in Southern Manchuria, with naval battles taking place in the Yellow Sea and the Sea of Japan. Russia had pursued an expansionist policy in Siberia and the Russian Far East, Far East since the reign of Ivan the Terrible in the 16th century. At the end of the First Sino-Japanese War, the Treaty of Shimonoseki of 1895 had ceded the Liaodong Peninsula and Lüshun Port, Port Arthur to Japan before the Triple Intervention, in which Russia, Germany, and France forced Japan to relinquish its claim. Japan feared that Russia would impede its plans to establish a sphere of influence in mainland Asia, especially as Russia built the Trans-Siberian Railway, Trans-Siberian Railroad, began making inroads in K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mediation
Mediation is a structured, voluntary process for resolving disputes, facilitated by a neutral third party known as the mediator. It is a structured, interactive process where an independent third party, the mediator, assists disputing parties in resolving conflict through the use of specialized communication and negotiation techniques. All participants in mediation are encouraged to participate in the process actively. Mediation is "party-centered," focusing on the needs, interests, and concerns of the individuals involved, rather than imposing a solution from an external authority. The mediator uses a wide variety of techniques to guide the process in a constructive direction and to help the parties find their optimal solution. Mediation can take different forms, depending on the mediator's approach. In facilitative mediation, the mediator assists parties by fostering communication and helping them understand each other's viewpoints. In evaluative mediation, the mediator may a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodore Roosevelt
Theodore Roosevelt Jr. (October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919), also known as Teddy or T.R., was the 26th president of the United States, serving from 1901 to 1909. Roosevelt previously was involved in New York (state), New York politics, including serving as the state's List of governors of New York, 33rd governor for two years. He served as the 25th Vice President of the United States, vice president under President William McKinley for six months in 1901, assuming the presidency after Assassination of William McKinley, McKinley's assassination. As president, Roosevelt emerged as a leader of the History of the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party and became a driving force for United States antitrust law, anti-trust and Progressive Era policies. A sickly child with debilitating asthma, Roosevelt overcame health problems through The Strenuous Life, a strenuous lifestyle. He was homeschooled and began a lifelong naturalist avocation before attending Harvard Colleg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaneko Kentarō
Count was a statesman, diplomat, and legal scholar in Meiji period Japan. A graduate of Harvard Law School, he drew on his connections in the American legal community over the course of his long career in Japanese government, particularly in his role helping to draft the new Meiji Constitution (Imperial Japanese Constitution). During the Russo-Japanese War, he engaged in promotion activities in the United States and contributed to Japan's victory. Kaneko was one of the most influential proponents of a Japanese-American alliance in Imperial Japan. In his later years, he opposed and worked to avoid the Pacific War, but his attempts failed. He was the first person to translate Edmund Burke into Japanese and is considered the first Burkean conservative in Japan. Early life Kaneko was born into a ''samurai'' family of Fukuoka Domain ( Chikuzen Province's Sawara district, present-day Chūō-ku, Fukuoka), being the son of Kaneko Naomichi (1821-1876), leader of the Ansei Exped ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yamakawa Sutematsu
Yamakawa (characters for "mountain" and "river") may refer to: * Yamakawa, Tokushima, town in Oe District, Tokushima *Yamakawa, Fukuoka, town in Yamato District, Fukuoka * 8923 Yamakawa, asteroid People with the surname *, Japanese female talent *, Japanese educator *, samurai, politician and educator *, Japanese socialist *, Japanese professional baseball player *, the author of '' Kuso Miso Technique'' *, Japanese producer of ''Romance of Darkness'' *, Japanese author and rock musician *, Japanese physicist, university president, and author *, Japanese socialist and feminist * Maki Yamakawa, Japanese fashion model and radio personality, director of '' Kekko Kamen'' *, Japanese actress *, Japanese Enka is a Japanese music genre considered to resemble traditional Japanese music stylistically. Modern ''enka'', however, is a relatively recent musical form which adopts a more traditional musical style in its vocalism than ''ryūkōka'' music, pop ... singer {{disambiguation, geo, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nagai Shigeko
Nagai may refer to: *Nagai (surname), a Japanese surname *Nagai, Yamagata, a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan *An alternative name for Nagapattinam Nagapattinam (''nākappaṭṭinam'', previously spelt Nagapatnam or Negapatam) is a town in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the administrative headquarters of Nagapattinam district. The town came to prominence during the period of Medieval ... district, Tamil Nadu, India * Nagai (''Star Wars''), a fictional alien race in the ''Star Wars'' franchise People with the given name * Nagai Sriram, Indian musician and Carnatic violinist {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsuda University
is a private women's university based at Kodaira, Tokyo. It is one of the oldest and most prestigious higher educational institutions for women in Japan, contributing to the advancement of women in society for more than a century. History The university was founded in 1900 by Tsuda Umeko as Joshi Eigaku Juku. The name was changed to Tsuda Eigaku Juku in 1933, then to Tsuda Juku Senmon Gakko, and finally Tsuda Juku Daigaku (Tsuda College) in 1948. From April 2017 Tsuda was renamed, in English, to Tsuda University consisting of two colleges: * The College of Liberal Arts at Kodaira Campus, Tokyo * The College of Policy Studies at Sendagaya Campus, Tokyo Notable alumnae * Taki Fujita, 4th president of Tsuda College (1962–1972) * Kumiko Haba, political scientist, international relations * Michiko Inukai, author * Ichiko Kamichika, politician * Mieko Kamiya, psychiatrist * Mitsuyo Kusano, newscaster *Yoriko Madoka, politician * Yoko Matsuoka McClain, Japanese language and literat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
