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Italian Electoral Law Of 2017
The Italian electoral law of 2017, colloquially known by the nickname ''Rosatellum'' after Ettore Rosato, the Democratic Party (Italy), Democratic Party (PD) leader in the Chamber of Deputies (Italy), Chamber of Deputies who first proposed the new law, is a parallel voting system, which acts as a mixed electoral system, with 37% of seats allocated using a first-past-the-post electoral system and 63% using a proportional method, with one round of voting. The Chamber and Senate of the Republic (Italy), Senate of the Republic did not differ in the way they allocated the proportional seats, both using the largest remainder method of allocating seats. The new electoral law was supported by the PD and its government ally Popular Alternative but also by the opposition parties Forza Italia (2013), Forza Italia, Lega Nord, and Liberal Popular Alliance. Despite many protests from the Five Star Movement, the Article One (political party), Democratic and Progressive Movement, Italian Left, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italian Parliament
The Italian Parliament () is the national parliament of the Italy, Italian Republic. It is the representative body of Italian citizens and is the successor to the Parliament of the Kingdom of Sardinia (1848–1861), the Parliament of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1943), the transitional National Council (Italy), National Council (1945–1946) and the Constituent Assembly of Italy, Constituent Assembly (1946–1948). It is a Bicameralism, bicameral legislature with 600 elected members and a small number of unelected members (''senatori a vita''). The Italian Parliament is composed of the Chamber of Deputies (Italy), Chamber of Deputies (with 400 members or ''deputati'' elected on a national basis), as well as the Senate of the Republic (Italy), Senate of the Republic (with 200 members or ''senatori'' elected on a regional basis, plus a small number of Senators for life in Italy, senators for life or ''senatori a vita'', either appointed by the President of the Republic or former P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brothers Of Italy
Brothers of Italy (, FdI) is a National conservatism, national-conservative and Right-wing populism, right-wing populist political party in Italy, that is currently the country's ruling party. After becoming the largest party in the 2022 Italian general election, it consolidated as one of the two major political parties in Italy during the 2020s along with the Democratic Party (Italy), Democratic Party. The party is led by Giorgia Meloni, the incumbent Prime Minister of Italy. Meloni's tenure has been described as the "most right-wing" government in Italy since World War II, whilst her time in government is frequently described as a shift towards the far-right in Italian politics. In December 2012, FdI emerged from a right-wing split within The People of Freedom (PdL) party. The bulk of FdI's membership (including Meloni, who has led the party since 2014), and its symbol, the tricolour flame, hail from the National Alliance (Italy), National Alliance (AN), which was establish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Senators For Life In Italy
Senators for life in Italy () are members of the Italian Senate who are either appointed, limited in number up to five, by the Italian president "for outstanding patriotic merits in the social, scientific, artistic or literary field" or are former presidents and thus senators for life '' ex officio''. Every president of the Italian Republic has made at least one appointment of a senator for life, with the exception of Oscar Luigi Scalfaro (since in his term there were more than five). President Giorgio Napolitano appointed Professor Mario Monti on 9 November 2011 and conductor Claudio Abbado, researcher Elena Cattaneo, architect Renzo Piano and Nobel-laureate physicist Carlo Rubbia on 30 August 2013. The president who appointed the highest number of senators for life was Luigi Einaudi, who made eight appointments during his term. Senators for life can decide not to be part of any parliamentary group, as opposed to elected senators who, if not affiliated with any specific p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italian Senate
The Senate of the Republic (), or simply the Senate ( ), is the upper house of the bicameral Italian Parliament, the lower house being the Chamber of Deputies. The two houses together form a perfect bicameral system, meaning they perform identical functions, but do so separately. Pursuant to the Articles 57, 58, and 59 of the Italian Constitution, the Senate has 200 elective members, of which 196 are elected from Italian constituencies, and 4 from Italian citizens living abroad. Furthermore, a small number (currently 5) serve as senators for life (''senatori a vita''), either appointed or ''ex officio''. It was established in its current form on 8 May 1948, but previously existed during the Kingdom of Italy as ''Senato del Regno'' ( Senate of the Kingdom), itself a continuation of the ''Senato Subalpino'' ( Subalpine Senate) of Sardinia established on 8 May 1848. Members of the Senate are styled ''Senator'' or ''The Honourable Senator'' (Italian: ''Onorevole Senatore'') and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2020 Italian Constitutional Referendum
A constitutional referendum about the reduction of the size of the Italian Parliament was held in Italy on 20 and 21 September 2020. Initially scheduled to be held on 29 March, the Referendums in Italy, referendum was postponed following the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy, coronavirus pandemic in Italy and subsequent COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Italy, lockdown. Voters were asked whether they approved a Constitutional laws of Italy, constitutional law that would amend the Constitution of Italy, Italian Constitution in various aspects, most notably by reducing the number of MPs in the Parliament from 630 to 400 in the Chamber of Deputies (Italy), Chamber of Deputies and from 315 to 200 in the Senate of the Republic (Italy), Senate. The proposed changes were approved, with 69.96% voting in favour. The reduction in the number of MPs happened at the 2022 Italian general election on 25 September 2022. This was the second time in Italian history a constitutional referendu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mixed Single Vote
A mixed single vote (MSV) is a type of ballot in mixed-member electoral systems, where voters cast a single vote in an election, which is used both for electing a local candidate and as a vote for a party affiliated with that candidate according to the rules of the electoral system. Unlike most mixed proportional and mixed majoritarian systems (such as parallel voting) where voters cast two votes, split-ticket voting is not possible under MSV. This significantly reduces the possibility of manipulating compensatory mixed systems,Bochsler, Daniel. "Bending the rules: electoral strategies under mixed electoral systems." ''Representation'' 51.2 (2015): 261-267. at the price of reducing voter choice. An alternative based on the mixed single vote that still allows for indicating different preferences on different levels is the mixed ballot, which functions as a preferential (mixed) single vote. With MSV, voters usually cast their single vote for a local candidate in a single-m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First-past-the-post Voting
First-past-the-post (FPTP)—also called choose-one, first-preference plurality (FPP), or simply plurality—is a single-winner voting rule. Voters mark one candidate as their favorite, or first-preference, and the candidate with more first-preference votes than any other candidate (a ''plurality'') is elected, even if they do not have more than half of votes (a '' majority''). FPP has been used to elect part of the British House of Commons since the Middle Ages before spreading throughout the British Empire. Throughout the 20th century, many countries that previously used FPP have abandoned it in favor of other electoral systems, including the former British colonies of Australia and New Zealand. FPP is still officially used in the majority of US states for most elections. However, the combination of partisan primaries and a two-party system in these jurisdictions means that most American elections behave effectively like two-round systems, in which the first round ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germany
Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total population of over 84 million in an area of , making it the most populous member state of the European Union. It borders Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, and France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands to the west. The Capital of Germany, nation's capital and List of cities in Germany by population, most populous city is Berlin and its main financial centre is Frankfurt; the largest urban area is the Ruhr. Settlement in the territory of modern Germany began in the Lower Paleolithic, with various tribes inhabiting it from the Neolithic onward, chiefly the Celts. Various Germanic peoples, Germanic tribes have inhabited the northern parts of modern Germany since classical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unconstitutional
In constitutional law, constitutionality is said to be the condition of acting in accordance with an applicable constitution; "Webster On Line" the status of a law, a procedure, or an act's accordance with the laws or set forth in the applicable constitution. When laws, procedures, or acts directly violate the constitution, they are unconstitutional. All others are considered constitutional unless the country in question has a mechanism for challenging laws as unconstitutional. Applicability An act or statute enacted as law either by a national legislature or by a subordinate-level legislature such as that of a state or province may be declared unconstitutional. However, governments do not only create laws but also enforce the laws set forth in the document defining the government, which is the constitution. When the proper court determines that a legislative act or law conflicts with the constitution, it finds that law unconstitutional and declares it void in whole ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silvio Berlusconi
Silvio Berlusconi ( ; ; 29 September 193612 June 2023) was an Italian Media proprietor, media tycoon and politician who served as the prime minister of Italy in three governments from 1994 to 1995, 2001 to 2006 and 2008 to 2011. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies (Italy), Chamber of Deputies from 1994 to 2013; a member of the Senate of the Republic (Italy), Senate of the Republic from 2022 until his death in 2023, and previously from March to November 2013; and a member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 2019 to 2022, and previously from 1999 to 2001. With a net worth of US$6.8 billion in June 2023, Berlusconi was the third-wealthiest person in Italy at the time of his death. Berlusconi rose into the financial elite of Italy in the late 1960s. He was the controlling shareholder of Mediaset and owned the Italian football club AC Milan from 1986 to 2017. He was nicknamed ''Il Cavaliere'' ('The Knight') for his Order of Merit for Labour; he voluntarily resigned f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2016 Italian Constitutional Referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Italy on 4 December 2016. Voters were asked whether they approved a Constitutional laws of Italy, constitutional law that amends the Constitution of Italy, Italian Constitution to reform the composition and powers of the Parliament of Italy, as well as the division of powers between the State, the regions, and administrative entities. The bill, put forward by the then Prime Minister of Italy, Matteo Renzi, and his centre-left Democratic Party (Italy), Democratic Party, was first introduced by the government in the Senate on 8 April 2014. After several amendments were made to the proposed law by both the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, the bill received its first approval on 13 October 2015 (Senate) and 11 January 2016 (Chamber), and, eventually, its second and final approval on 20 January 2016 (Senate) and 12 April 2016 (Chamber). In accordance with Article 138 of the Constitution, a referendum was called after the formal request of m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ettore Rosato 2015
Ettore is a given name, the Italian version of Hector. People * Ettore Arrigoni degli Oddi (1867–1942), Italian naturalist * Ettore Bassi (born 1970), Italian actor and television presenter * Ettore Bastianini (1922–1967), Italian opera singer * Ettore Bastico (1876–1972), Italian World War II general * Ettore Boiardi (1897–1985), Italian-born chef famous for his Chef Boyardee brand of food products * Ettore Bugatti (1881–1947), Italian-born French automobile designer and manufacturer * Ettore Coco (1908–1991), New York City mobster * Ettore Ewen (born 1986), American professional wrestler performing in the WWE as ''Big E'' * Ettore Fieramosca (1476–1515), Italian ''condottiero'' (mercenary leader) and nobleman * Ettore Majorana (1906–1938?), Italian theoretical physicist who mysteriously disappeared * Ettore Mambretti (1859–1948), Italian general * Ettore Manni (1927–1979), Italian film actor *Ettore Maserati (1894–1990), Italian automotive engineer * Ettore M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
