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Italian Minister Of Education And Merit
This is a list of Italian ministers of public education () since the birth of the Italian Republic in 1946. The list shows also the ministers that served under the same office but with other names, in fact this ministry has changed name many times. The minister of public education leads the Ministry of Education, Universities and Research. The current minister is Giuseppe Valditara, a member of the League who is serving since 22 October 2022 in the government of Giorgia Meloni. Il Sole 24 Ore List of public education ministers Parties: *1946–1994: ** ** ** ** *1994–present ** ** ** ** ** ** ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giuseppe Valditara
Giuseppe Valditara (born 12 January 1961) is an Italian academic and politician. He has been the Italian Minister of Education and Merit in the Meloni Cabinet from 22 october 2022. Biography Valditara was full professor of private and public Roman law at the Department of Law of the University of Turin. He was scientific director of the legal journal European Legal Studies published by the European University of Rome, as well as rector of the degree course in Law of the same university. In 2001, he was elected senator for the center-right coalition and remained in office for three terms until 2013. He is now a member of the Lega (political party), League. On 22 October 2022, Valditara was sworn in as Minister of Education and Merit in the cabinet led by Giorgia Meloni. References External links * Living people 1961 births Meloni Cabinet Education ministers of Italy University of Milan alumni Academic staff of the University of Turin {{Lombardy-politician-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The People Of Freedom
The People of Freedom (, PdL) was a centre-right political party in Italy. The PdL launched by Silvio Berlusconi as an electoral list, including and National Alliance, on 27 February for the 2008 Italian general election. The list was later transformed into a party during a party congress on 27–29 March 2009. The party's leading members included Angelino Alfano (national secretary), Renato Schifani, Renato Brunetta, Roberto Formigoni, Maurizio Sacconi, Maurizio Gasparri, Mariastella Gelmini, Antonio Martino, Giancarlo Galan, Maurizio Lupi, Gaetano Quagliariello, Daniela Santanchè, Sandro Bondi, and Raffaele Fitto. The PdL formed Italy's government from 2008 to 2011 in coalition with Lega Nord. After having supported Mario Monti's technocratic government in 2011–2012, the party was part of Enrico Letta's government with the Democratic Party, Civic Choice and the Union of the Centre. Alfano functioned as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of the Interior. In Ju ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
De Gasperi II Cabinet
The second De Gasperi government was the first government of the Italian Republic. It was established by Alcide De Gasperi following the referendum of 2 June 1946, in which the Italian people voted in favour of the Republic. It held office from 13 July 1946 until 2 February 1947, a total of 203 days, or 6 months and 18 days. Government parties The government was composed by the following parties: Party breakdown Beginning of term * Christian Democracy (DC): Prime minister, 7 ministers, 10 undersecretaries * Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity (PSIUP): 4 ministers, 5 undersecretaries * Italian Communist Party (PCI): 3 ministers, 5 undersecretaries * Italian Republican Party (PRI): 2 ministers, 3 undersecretaries * Italian Liberal Party (PLI): 1 minister End of term * Christian Democracy (DC): Prime minister, 8 ministers, 9 undersecretaries * Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity (PSIUP): 4 ministers, 6 undersecretaries * Italian Communist Party (PCI): 3 ministe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coalition Government
A coalition government, or coalition cabinet, is a government by political parties that enter into a power-sharing arrangement of the executive. Coalition governments usually occur when no single party has achieved an absolute majority after an election. A party not having majority is common under proportional representation, but not in nations with majoritarian electoral systems. There are different forms of coalition governments, minority coalitions and surplus majority coalition governments. A surplus majority coalition government controls more than the absolute majority of seats in parliament necessary to have a majority in the government, whereas minority coalition governments do not hold the majority of legislative seats. A coalition government may also be created in a time of national difficulty or crisis (for example, during wartime or economic crisis) to give a government the high degree of perceived political legitimacy or collective identity, it can also play a ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centre-left Coalition (Italy)
The centre-left coalition () is a political alliance of political parties in Italy active under several forms and names since 1995, when The Olive Tree was formed under the leadership of Romano Prodi. The centre-left coalition has ruled the country for more than fifteen years between 1996 and 2021; to do so, it had mostly to rely on a big tent that went from the more radical left-wing, which had more weight between 1996 and 2008, to the political centre, which had more weight during the 2010s, and its main parties were also part of grand coalitions and national unity governments. The coalition mostly competed with the centre-right coalition founded by Silvio Berlusconi. In the 1996 Italian general election, The Olive Tree consisted of the majority of both the left-wing Alliance of Progressives and the centrist Pact for Italy, the two losing coalitions in the 1994 Italian general election, the first under a system based primarily on first-past-the-post voting. In 20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centre-right Coalition (Italy)
The centre-right coalition () is a political alliance of political parties in Italy active under several forms and names since 1994, when Silvio Berlusconi entered politics and formed the party. It has mostly competed with the centre-left coalition. It is composed of right-leaning parties in the Italian political arena, which generally advocate tax reduction and oppose immigration, and in some cases are eurosceptic. The centre-right coalition has ruled the country for more than twelve years between 1994 and today. In the 1994 Italian general election, under the leadership of Berlusconi, the centre-right ran with two coalitions, the Pole of Freedoms in Northern Italy and Tuscany (mainly Forza Italia and the Northern League), and the Pole of Good Government (mainly Forza Italia and National Alliance) in Central Italy and Southern Italy. In the 1996 Italian general election, after the Northern League had left in late 1994, the centre-right coalition took the name of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand Coalition (Italy)
The Letta government was the 62nd government of the Italian Republic. In office from 28 April 2013 to 22 January 2014, it comprised ministers of the Democratic Party (PD), The People of Freedom (PdL), Civic Choice (SC), the Union of the Centre (UdC), one of the Italian Radicals (RI) and three non-party independents. The government was referred to by journalists as a Grand coalition () or Government of broad agreements (). At formation, the government benefited from a supermajority in the Italian Parliament, one of the largest in the history of the Italian Republic. It was the youngest government to date, with a median age of 53. It was sworn in on 28 April 2013 and won the confidence vote in both the Chamber of Deputies on 29 April and the Senate on 30 April. Formation and end The 2013 general election, held on 24–25 February, saw the rise of the Five Star Movement (M5S) and the lack of a common majority in both houses of Parliament. More specifically, the centre-lef ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quadripartito
The Pentapartito (from Ancient Greek, Greek , "five", and italian language, Italian , "party"), commonly shortened to CAF (from the initials of Bettino Craxi, Craxi, Giulio Andreotti, Andreotti and Arnaldo Forlani, Forlani), refers to the coalition government of five Italian political parties that formed between June 1981 and April 1991. The pro-European and Atlanticist coalition comprised the Christian Democracy (Italy), Christian Democracy (DC), the Italian Socialist Party (PSI), Italian Democratic Socialist Party (PSDI), Italian Liberal Party (PLI), and Italian Republican Party (PRI). History New majority The Pentapartito began in 1981 at a meeting of the Congress of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) when the Christian Democracy (Italy), Christian Democrat Arnaldo Forlani and Socialist Secretary Bettino Craxi signed an agreement with the blessing of Giulio Andreotti. As the agreement was signed in a trailer, it was called the "pact of the camper." The pact was also called " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pentapartito
The Pentapartito (from Greek , "five", and Italian , "party"), commonly shortened to CAF (from the initials of Craxi, Andreotti and Forlani), refers to the coalition government of five Italian political parties that formed between June 1981 and April 1991. The pro-European and Atlanticist coalition comprised the Christian Democracy (DC), the Italian Socialist Party (PSI), Italian Democratic Socialist Party (PSDI), Italian Liberal Party (PLI), and Italian Republican Party (PRI). History New majority The Pentapartito began in 1981 at a meeting of the Congress of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) when the Christian Democrat Arnaldo Forlani and Socialist Secretary Bettino Craxi signed an agreement with the blessing of Giulio Andreotti. As the agreement was signed in a trailer, it was called the "pact of the camper." The pact was also called "CAF" for the initials of the signers, Craxi-Andreotti-Forlani. With this agreement, the DC party recognized the equal dignity of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organic Centre-left
The organic centre-left () was a coalition of four Italian political parties that formed governments throughout the 1960s and the middle 1970s. ''Organic'' meant that the Italian Socialist Party was fully part of the government, it was within the organization of the cabinet, differently from other centre-left governments in the early 1960s, where the PSI gave an external support only. History In 1962 the Christian Democracy (DC) leader Amintore Fanfani formed a cabinet with members of the Italian Social Democratic Party (PSDI) and the Italian Republican Party (PRI); it is considered the beginning of the ''organic centre-left''. The Fanfani cabinet, even if it cannot be considered a traditional centre-left government, approved many social reforms, such as the nationalisation of industries like ENEL, which are considered left-leaning policies. On 4 December 1963, Aldo Moro formed the first centre-left government with the support of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI). Prominent so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centrism (Italy)
The Centrism () was a political formula that inspired the Atlanticist, anti-communist, and centrist governments of the Italian Republic between the end of the 1940s and the early 1950s. The governments of this period, also known as "The Years of Centrism" (''Gli Anni del Centrismo''), were characterized by a coalition pact between the Christian Democracy (DC) and the other minor secular parties. History The 1948 Italian general election were heavily influenced by the cold-war confrontation between the Soviet Union and the United States. After the Soviet-inspired February 1948 Communist coup in Czechoslovakia, the United States became alarmed about Soviet intentions and feared that, if the leftist coalition were to win the elections, the Soviet-funded Italian Communist Party (PCI) would draw Italy into the Soviet Union's sphere of influence. The Christian Democrat political campaign said that, in Communist countries, "children send parents to jail", "children are owned by the sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independent (politician)
An independent politician or non-affiliated politician is a politician not affiliated with any political party or bureaucratic association. There are numerous reasons why someone may stand for office as an independent. Some politicians have political views that do not align with the platforms of any political party and therefore they choose not to affiliate with them. Some independent politicians may be associated with a party, perhaps as former members of it or else have views that align with it, but choose not to stand in its name, or are unable to do so because the party in question has selected another candidate. Others may belong to or support a political party at the national level but believe they should not formally represent it (and thus be subject to its policies) at another level. In some cases, a politician may be a member of an unregistered party and therefore officially recognised as an independent. Officeholders may become independents after losing or repudiating a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
