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Iron Crown Of Austria
The Imperial Order of the Iron Crown (; ) was one of the highest orders of merit in the Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary until 1918. It was founded in 1815 by Emperor Franz I of Austria as a re-establishment of the original Order of the Iron Crown, which previously had been an order of the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy. The order had three classes and, until 1884, all classes conferred automatic hereditary ennoblement. The third class conferred the rank of '' Ritter'', the second class conferred the rank of ''Baron'', and the first class conferred the title of Privy Councillor, the style of Excellency and the right to attend court. According to the order's statutes, only a limited number of members throughout the empire were allowed at any given time. The maximum number of 1st class knights was 20, for the 2nd class it was 30 and for the 3rd class 50, limiting the total number of members to 100 at any given time. History The Holy Roman Empire, ruled by the Habsburg dynasty, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ridder In De Orde Van De IJzeren Kroon Oostenrijk
Ridder may refer to: Places *DeRidder, Louisiana, city in US state of Louisiana *Ridder, Kazakhstan, settlement in Kazakhstan (named for Philip Ridder) Things *Ridder (title), Dutch and Belgian title equivalent to knight *Knight Ridder, newspaper chain *'' Arbeidets Ridder'', US newspaper (1880s), published in Minneapolis, Minnesota (Norwegian/Danish language; concerning news of interest to labor groups) *Ridder Arena, an ice hockey arena in Saint Paul, Minnesota People * Alexandra Simons de Ridder (born 1963), German equestrian * Atie Ridder-Visser (1914–2014), Dutch resistance fighter during World War II * Bernard J. Ridder (1913–1983), American newspaper publisher * Daniël de Ridder (born 1984), Dutch football player *Desmond Ridder (born 1999), American football player * Eric Ridder (1918–1996), US sailor and Olympic athlete * Georgia B. Ridder (1914–2002), American thoroughbred racehorse owner *Herman Ridder (1851–1915), American newspaper publisher and editor *Kath ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Excellency
Excellency is an honorific style (manner of address), style given to certain high-level officers of a sovereign state, officials of an international organization, or members of an aristocracy. Once entitled to the title "Excellency", the holder usually retains the right to that courtesy throughout their lifetime, although in some cases the title is attached to a particular office and is held only during tenure of that office. Generally people addressed as ''Excellency'' are heads of state, heads of government, governors, ambassadors, Roman Catholic bishops, high-ranking ecclesiastics, and others holding equivalent rank, such as heads of international organizations. Members of royal families generally have distinct addresses such as Majesty, Highness, etc.. While not a title of office itself, the honorific ''Excellency'' precedes various titles held by the holder, both in speech and in writing. In reference to such an official, it takes the form ''His'' or ''Her Excellency''; in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franz Joseph I Of Austria
Franz Joseph I or Francis Joseph I ( ; ; 18 August 1830 – 21 November 1916) was Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, and the ruler of the Grand title of the emperor of Austria, other states of the Habsburg monarchy from 1848 until his death in 1916. In the early part of his reign, his realms and territories were referred to as the Austrian Empire, but were reconstituted as the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary in 1867. From 1 May 1850 to 24 August 1866, he was also president of the German Confederation. In December 1848, Franz Joseph's uncle Emperor Ferdinand I of Austria, Ferdinand I abdicated the throne at Olomouc, as part of Minister President Felix zu Schwarzenberg's plan to end the Hungarian Revolution of 1848. Franz Joseph then acceded to the throne. In 1854, he married his first cousin Empress Elisabeth of Austria, Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria, with whom he had four children: Archduchess Sophie of Austria, Sophie, Archduchess Gisela of Austria, Gisela, Rudolf, Crown Pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ferdinand I Of Austria
Ferdinand I ( 19 April 1793 – 29 June 1875) was Emperor of Austria from March 1835 until his abdication in December 1848. He was also King of Hungary, King of Croatia, Croatia and King of Bohemia, Bohemia (as Ferdinand V), King of Lombardy–Venetia and holder of other lesser titles (see grand title of the Emperor of Austria). Due to his passive but well-intentioned character, he gained the sobriquet The Benign () or The Benevolent (, Polish: ''Ferdynand Dobrotliwy''). Ferdinand succeeded his father Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor, Francis I upon his death on 2 March 1835. He was incapable of ruling the empire because of severe epilepsy, so his father, before he died, made a will promulgating that Ferdinand should consult his uncle Archduke Louis of Austria, Archduke Louis on all aspects of internal policy and urged him to be influenced by Klemens Wenzel, Prince von Metternich, Prince Metternich, Austria's Foreign Minister.A. J. P. Taylor, Taylor, A. J. P.: "The Habsburg Monarc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AUT KuK Order Of The Iron Crown 1st Class BAR
AUT may refer to the following. Locations *Austria (ISO 3166-1 country code) *Agongointo-Zoungoudo Underground Town, Benin *Aktio–Preveza Undersea Tunnel, Greece *Airstrip on Atauro Island, East Timor (IATA airport code) Organizations *Arriva UK Trains *Association of University Teachers, a former British trade union *Aut Even Hospital, Ireland Education *Amirkabir University of Technology, Iran *Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand *Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece *American University of Technology, Lebanon *Association of University Teachers a former trade union in the United Kingdom Computing *Advanced and application unit testing, test techniques in computer programming *Application under test, in software testing, the software that is to be tested (by other software) *''Atlantis Underwater Tycoon'', a computer game *''Autonomous Things'', technologies that bring autonomous computers into the physical environment Other fields *An automorphism ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Divisa
Divisa may refer to: * Divisa, Panama, a town in Azuero Peninsula * Divisa Alegre, a Brazilian municipality located in the northeast of the state of Minas Gerais * Divisa Nova, a Brazilian municipality in the state of Minas Gerais * Da Divisa River, a river of Santa Catarina state in southeastern Brazil * Salto da Divisa, a Brazilian municipality in the northeast of the state of Minas Gerais {{Disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War I
World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting took place mainly in European theatre of World War I, Europe and the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I, Middle East, as well as in parts of African theatre of World War I, Africa and the Asian and Pacific theatre of World War I, Asia-Pacific, and in Europe was characterised by trench warfare; the widespread use of Artillery of World War I, artillery, machine guns, and Chemical weapons in World War I, chemical weapons (gas); and the introductions of Tanks in World War I, tanks and Aviation in World War I, aircraft. World War I was one of the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflicts in history, resulting in an estimated World War I casualties, 10 million military dead and more than 20 million wounded, plus some 10 million civilian de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of The Golden Fleece
The Distinguished Order of the Golden Fleece (, ) is a Catholic order of chivalry founded in 1430 in Brugge by Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, to celebrate his marriage to Isabella of Portugal, Duchess of Burgundy, Isabella of Portugal. Today, two branches of the order exist, namely the Spanish Fleece and the Austrian Fleece; the current grand masters are Felipe VI, King Felipe VI of Spain and Karl von Habsburg, head of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, respectively. The Grand Chaplain of the Austrian branch is Cardinal Christoph Schönborn, Archbishop of Vienna. The separation of the two existing branches took place as a result of the War of the Spanish Succession of 1701–1714. The grand master of the order, Charles II of Spain (a House of Habsburg , Habsburg), had died childless in 1700, and so the right to succeed to the throne of Spain (and thus to become the Sovereign of the Order of the Golden Fleece) initiated a global conflict. On one hand, Charles VI, Holy Roman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patent Of Nobility
The patent of nobility, also letters of nobility (always ), or diploma of nobility documented the legal act of ennoblement (granting rights of a nobleman to a "new man" and his family). The ennoblement was an event of ultimate importance in a feudal society. The preparation of diploma of nobility was usually done at the expense of a future noble, so his wealth and sense of aesthetics influenced the grandeur and appearance of the document. The patent was kept in the family archives, and practicality dictated registering it in the central archive, with the seal applied. The patents were created as an instrument of a central power to be used against the Landed aristocracy, landed hereditary aristocracy. The first European patent was issued by Philip III of France in the early 1270s to a commoner silversmith. While the rules for granting the patents were established by the son of Philip III, Philip IV of France, these were "far from irreversible", and the clear picture of French nobil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Lombardy–Venetia
The Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia (), commonly called the "Lombardo-Venetian Kingdom" (; ), was a constituent land (crown land) of the Austrian Empire from 1815 to 1866. It was created in 1815 by resolution of the Congress of Vienna in recognition of the Austrian House of Habsburg-Lorraine's rights to the former Duchy of Milan and the former Republic of Venice after the Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic), Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy, proclaimed in 1805, had collapsed. The kingdom only survived for fifty years—the region of Lombardy was ceded to Second French Empire, France in 1859 after the Second Italian War of Independence, which then immediately ceded it to the Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861), Kingdom of Sardinia. Lombardy-Venetia was finally dissolved in 1866 when its remaining territory was incorporated into the recently proclaimed Kingdom of Italy following the kingdom's victory against Austria in the Third Italian War of Independence. History Creation In the Treaty of Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Napoleon II Of France
Napoleon II (Napoléon François Joseph Charles Bonaparte; 20 March 181122 July 1832) was the disputed Emperor of the French for a few weeks in 1815. He was the son of Emperor Napoleon I and Empress Marie Louise, daughter of Emperor Francis I of Austria. Napoleon II had been Prince Imperial of France and King of Rome since birth. After the fall of his father, he lived the rest of his life in Vienna and was known in the Austrian court as Franz, Duke of Reichstadt for his adult life (from the German version of his second given name, along with a title his grandfather granted him in 1818). He was posthumously given the nickname ''L'Aiglon'' ("the Eaglet"). When Napoleon I tried to abdicate on 4 April 1814, he said that his son would rule as emperor. However, the coalition victors refused to acknowledge his son as successor, and Napoleon I was forced to abdicate unconditionally some days later. Although Napoleon II never actually ruled France, he was briefly the titular Empe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
