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Iraq Conflict
The Iraqi conflict is a series of violent events that began with the 2003 American-led 2003 invasion of Iraq, invasion of Iraq and deposition of Iraqi president Saddam Hussein, followed by a series of conflicts including the protracted Iraq War (2003–2011), the Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013), Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013), the War in Iraq (2013–2017), War in Iraq (2013–2017), and most recently, the Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017–present), small-scale Islamic State insurgency in 4 provinces located in Northern Iraq since 2017. In the ensuing 2003–2011 Iraq War, the Multi-National Force – Iraq, Multi-National Force (MNF–I) led by the United States helped to establish a Al Maliki I Government, Shia-dominated federal government, which was soon opposed by an Iraqi insurgency (2003–2011), Iraqi insurgency. Insurgent groups mostly fought the new government and MNF-I, but also each other, mostly along Sectarian violence in Iraq, sectarian lines between Shia Islam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saladin Governorate
The Saladin, Salah ad Din, or Salah Al-Din Governorate (, ) is one of Iraq's 19 governorates, north of Baghdad. It has an area of , with an estimated population of 1,042,200 people in 2003. It is made up of 8 districts, with the capital being Tikrit. Before 1976 the governorate was part of Baghdad Governorate. The governorate is named after the Kurdish Muslim leader Saladin or Salah ad Din, who hailed from the governorate. This governorate is largely Sunni and is also where Saddam Hussein, former president of Iraq, was born, in the village of Al-Awja. Salah Al-Din governorate, a traditional stronghold of Saddam and his Al-Bu Nasir tribe that is located in the heart of the Sunni Triangle, has been a centre of insurgencies, tribal rivalries, and political and sectarian violence since the 2003 U.S.-led Coalition invasion of Iraq. History Saladin Governorate contains a number of important religious and cultural sites. Samarra, the governorate's largest city, is home to both ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations Security Council
The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN) and is charged with ensuring international peace and security, recommending the admission of new UN members to the General Assembly, and approving any changes to the UN Charter. Its powers as outlined in the United Nations Charter include establishing peacekeeping operations, enacting international sanctions, and authorizing military action. The UNSC is the only UN body with authority to issue resolutions that are binding on member states. Like the UN as a whole, the Security Council was created after World War II to address the failings of the League of Nations in maintaining world peace. It held its first session on 17 January 1946 but was largely paralysed in the following decades by the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union (and their allies). Nevertheless, it authorized military interventions in the Korean War and the Congo Crisis and peaceke ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weapon Of Mass Destruction
A weapon of mass destruction (WMD) is a biological, chemical, radiological, nuclear, or any other weapon that can kill or significantly harm many people or cause great damage to artificial structures (e.g., buildings), natural structures (e.g., mountains), or the biosphere. The scope and usage of the term has evolved and been disputed, often signifying more politically than technically. Originally coined in reference to aerial bombing with chemical explosives during World War II, it has later come to refer to large-scale weaponry of warfare-related technologies, such as biological, chemical, radiological, or nuclear warfare. Early usage The first use of the term "weapon of mass destruction" on record is by Cosmo Gordon Lang, Archbishop of Canterbury, in 1937 in reference to the bombing of Guernica, Spain: At the time, nuclear weapons had not been developed fully. Japan conducted research on biological weapons, and chemical weapons had seen wide battlefield use ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iraq And Weapons Of Mass Destruction
Iraq actively researched weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and used chemical weapons from 1962 to 1991, after which it destroyed its chemical weapons stockpile and halted its biological and nuclear weapon programs as required by the United Nations Security Council. Iraqi president Saddam Hussein was internationally condemned for his Iraqi chemical weapons program, use of chemical weapons against Anfal campaign, Kurdish civilians and Peshmerga, military targets during the Iran–Iraq War. Saddam pursued an extensive Iraqi biological weapons program, biological weapons program and a nuclear weapons program, though no nuclear bomb was built. After the Gulf War, UN inspectors located and destroyed large quantities of Iraqi chemical weapons and related equipment and materials; Iraq ceased its chemical, biological and nuclear programs. In the early 2000s, U.S. president George W. Bush and British prime minister Tony Blair both falsely asserted that Saddam's weapons programs were still a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
US-led Intervention In Iraq (2014–2021)
{{Infobox military conflict , conflict = US-led intervention in Iraq (2014–2021) , partof = the War against the Islamic State (Operation Inherent Resolve), the War in Iraq (2013–2017), Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017–present), and the War on terror , image = , caption = An American McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet, F/A-18C Hornet aboard {{USS, George H.W. Bush, CVN-77, 6 prior to the launch of operations over Iraq in 2014. , date = 15 June 2014 – 9 December 2021({{Age in years, months, weeks and days, month1=6, day1=15, year1=2014, month2=12, day2=9, year2=2021) , place = Iraq , result = Coalition and Iraqi victory * Tens of thousands of ISIL fighters killed * 14,616 U.S. and allied airstrikes on ISIL positions in Iraq{{cite web, url=http://www.defense.gov/News/Special-Reports/0814_Inherent-Resolve, title=Airstrikes in Iraq and Syria, publisher=US Department of Defense, date=9 August ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic State
The Islamic State (IS), also known as the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and Daesh, is a transnational Salafi jihadism, Salafi jihadist organization and unrecognized quasi-state. IS occupied significant territory in Iraq and Syria in 2013, but lost most of it in 2019. In 2014, the group proclaimed itself to be a worldwide caliphate, and claimed religious, political, and military authority over all Muslims worldwide, a claim not accepted by the vast majority of Muslims. It is List of designated terrorist groups, designated as a terrorist organisation by the United Nations and many countries around the world, including Muslim world, Muslim countries. By the end of 2015, its self-declared caliphate ruled an area with a population of about 12 million, where they enforced their extremist interpretation of Islamic law, managed an annual budget exceeding billion, and commanded more than 30,000 fighters. After a grinding co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sunni Islam In Iraq
Sunni Islam in Iraq () is the second-largest sect of Islam in Iraq after Shia Islam. The majority of Iraqi Sunni Muslims are Arabs with the second largest being Kurds. Iraqi Sunni Muslims mainly inhabit the western and northern half of Iraq. Sunni Arabs primarily inhabit the Sunni Triangle, Upper Mesopotamia and the desert areas, such as Al-Anbar Governorate in the Arabian Desert and Syrian Desert. The Sunni Kurds inhabit the mountainous Iraqi Kurdistan region. In 2003, the United States-based Institute of Peace estimated that around 95% of the total population of Iraq were Muslim, of which Sunnis made up around 40%. A CIA World Factbook report from 2015 estimates that 29–34% of the population of Iraq is Sunni Muslim. According to a 2011 survey by Pew Research, 42% of Iraqi Muslims are Sunni. There were about 9 million Sunni Arabs, 4.5 million Sunni Kurds and 3 million Sunni Turkmens in Iraq, according to a report published in 2015. Sunni Iraqi Arabs are often mistaken by out ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shia Islam In Iraq
Shia Islam in Iraq () has a history going back to the times of Ali ibn Abi Talib, the first imam of Shia Islam and fourth caliph of Sunni Islam who moved the capital of the early caliphate from Medina to Kufa (or Najaf) two decades after the death of Muhammad. Shia Muslims are generally considered to constitute the majority of the Iraqi population with varying estimates over their percentages, such as a lower estimate reporting it to be between 55% and 60%, and a higher estimate ranging between 64% and 69% of the population of Iraq. Iraq is the location of the holy cities of Najaf and Karbala, pilgrimage sites for millions of Shia Muslims. Iraqi Shia Muslims belong to various ethnicities, although they all follow the Twelver sect, with the vast majority being Usuli and a small minority being Akhbari. Historically, there were practices of Isma'ilism among Musha'sha' Arabs, Zaydism among Kurds, and Ibrahimiyya among Turkmen, which all declined. The Twelver sect had always been ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sectarian Violence In Iraq
Sectarian violence in Iraq refers to the conflict that had developed in the aftermath of the 2003 invasion of Iraq as a result of rising sectarian tensions between the different religious and ethnic groups of Iraq, most notably the conflict between the Shi'ite Muslim majority and the Sunni Muslim minority within the country, which escalated into a full-scale civil war between 2006 until 2008, and had largely ceased following the defeat of ISIS in 2017 during the 2013–2017 war in Iraq. According to most sources, including the CIA's ''World Factbook'', the majority of Iraqis are Shi'i Arab Muslims amounting to around 64% to 69% of the population, whereas Sunni Muslims represent between 32% and 37% of the population. Furthermore, the Sunnis are split ethnically among Arabs, Kurds and Turkmen. Historical background Before the creation of the Iraqi state, Iraq's territory belonged to the Ottoman Empire and was divided up into three vilayets (provinces): Baghdad Vilayet (1869� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al Maliki I Government
The first government of Iraq led by Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki took office on May 20, 2006 following approval by the members of the Iraqi National Assembly. This followed the general election in December 2005. The government succeeded the Iraqi Transitional Government which had continued in office in a caretaker capacity until the new government was formed and confirmed. This Al Maliki I Government governed Iraq until 2010, to be succeeded by the Al Maliki II Government, which was in office until 2014. Process of formation After some disputes over the election results, the members of the new Council of Representatives were sworn in on March 16, 2006. In the meantime, negotiations over the forming of a government had begun. Leaders of the four largest political groupings called for a government of national unity. Although it was decided in advance that the largest grouping (the United Iraqi Alliance) would name the Prime Minister, this decision would prove to be hot ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States
The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 contiguous states border Canada to the north and Mexico to the south, with the semi-exclave of Alaska in the northwest and the archipelago of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. The United States asserts sovereignty over five Territories of the United States, major island territories and United States Minor Outlying Islands, various uninhabited islands in Oceania and the Caribbean. It is a megadiverse country, with the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, third-largest land area and List of countries and dependencies by population, third-largest population, exceeding 340 million. Its three Metropolitan statistical areas by population, largest metropolitan areas are New York metropolitan area, New York, Greater Los Angeles, Los Angel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
