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Invasion Of Sicily
The Allied invasion of Sicily, also known as the Battle of Sicily and Operation Husky, was a major campaign of World War II in which the Allied forces invaded the island of Sicily in July 1943 and took it from the Axis forces (Kingdom of Italy and Nazi Germany). It began with a large amphibious and airborne operation, followed by a six-week land campaign, and initiated the Italian campaign. To divert some of the Axis forces to other areas, the Allies engaged in several deception operations, the most famous and successful of which was Operation Mincemeat. Husky began on the night of 9–10 July 1943 and ended on 17 August. Strategically, Husky achieved the goals set out for it by Allied planners: the Allies drove Axis air, land and naval forces from the island, and the Mediterranean sea lanes were opened for Allied merchant ships for the first time since 1941. These events led to the Fall of the Fascist regime in Italy with Italian dictator Benito Mussolini being ousted and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernard Montgomery
Field Marshal Bernard Law Montgomery, 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein (; 17 November 1887 – 24 March 1976), nicknamed "Monty", was a senior British Army officer who served in the First World War, the Irish War of Independence and the Second World War. Montgomery first saw action in the First World War as a junior officer of the Royal Warwickshire Regiment. At Méteren, near the Belgian border at Bailleul, he was shot through the right lung by a sniper, during the First Battle of Ypres. On returning to the Western Front as a general staff officer, he took part in the Battle of Arras in AprilMay 1917. He also took part in the Battle of Passchendaele in late 1917 before finishing the war as chief of staff of the 47th (2nd London) Division. In the inter-war years he commanded the 17th (Service) Battalion, Royal Fusiliers and, later, the 1st Battalion, Royal Warwickshire Regiment before becoming commander of the 9th Infantry Brigade and then general officer comm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giovanni Marciani
Giovanni Marciani (22 May 1886 in Mercato San Severino – 1964) was an Italian general during World War II. Biography Early life and career Giovanni Marciani was born in 1886 in Mercato San Severino, in the province of Salerno, into a bourgeois family. In 1905 he entered the Royal Military Academy of Artillery and Engineers of Turin, graduating with the rank of artillery second lieutenant on September 5, 1907, and attended the Branch Application School before being promoted to lieutenant and assigned to the 24th Field Artillery Regiment, in Naples. In 1911 he was part of the expeditionary force in Libya during the Italo-Turkish War, in the ranks of the 2nd Special Field Artillery Regiment, participating in the battle of the Two Palms (for which he was awarded a Bronze Medal of Military Valor) and remaining in Libya until October 1912, when he returned to the 24th Field Artillery Regiment in Naples, as deputy adjutant of the regimental commander. After being promoted to c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francesco Zingales
Francesco Zingales (1884-1959) was a general in the Royal Italian Army during World War II. Biography Francesco Zingales fought in World War I on the Isonzo Front. In 1939 he had become commander of the 10th Motorised Division Piave, but saw no action in 1940. In April 1941, during the World War II Axis powers invasion of Yugoslavia, he commanded the Motorised Corps. In September 1941, he was appointed as commander of the Italian Expeditionary Corps in Russia, but fell ill in Vienna on his way to the front and was replaced by Giovanni Messe. After his recovery, he became commander of the XXX Army Corps and reserve Seventh Army. Later in 1942, he was stationed a couple of months in North Africa at the head of the Italian XX Motorised Corps and then in Calabria as commander of the XXXI Army Corps. In November 1942, on his turn he replaced Giovanni Messe as commander of the XXXV Corps, which was a part of the 8th Italian Army in Russia. After the Soviet Operation Littl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mario Arisio
Mario Arisio (5 July 1885 – 7 July 1950) was an Italian general who served in the Italo-Turkish War, World War I, the Second Italo-Ethiopian War and World War II. Biography Arisio was born in Turin on July 5, 1885, and attending the Royal Military Academy of Modena he was appointed second lieutenant in 1906. He fought in Libya during the Italo-Turkish War in 1911-1912 and in counterguerrilla operations in 1913, and in the First World War from 1915 to 1918, where he earned a Bronze Medal of Military Valour. In 1926 he was promoted to the rank of colonel, assuming in succession the commands of the 231st Regiment, of the Central Infantry School, and in 1934, of the 39th "Bologna" Infantry Regiment. On 11 March 1935 he became brigadier general, taking command of the XIX "Gavinana II" Infantry Brigade, and led this unit on the Eritrean Front during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War. After the end of the conflict he was repatriated along with his brigade, maintaining its comman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfredo Guzzoni
Alfredo Guzzoni (12 April 1877 – 15 April 1965) was an Italian military officer who served in both World War I and World War II. Early life Guzzoni was a native of Mantua, Italy. Military career Guzzoni joined the Italian Royal Army ('' Regio Esercito Italiano'') and fought in World War I. After the Second Italo-Abyssinian War, Guzzoni was appointed Governor of Eritrea. He served as governor from May 1936 until April 1937. In 1939, Guzzoni had a prominent role in the Italian invasion of Albania and was Commander-in-Chief of the Higher Forces Command Albania in 1940. In June 1940, after Italy entered World War II, Guzzoni commanded the Italian 4th Army during the invasion of France. On 29 November 1940, Guzzoni succeeded Ubaldo Soddu as Under-Secretary of War and Deputy Chief of the Supreme General Staff. In 1943, Guzzoni was General Officer Commanding the Italian 6th Army on Sicily and commander of the Axis troops on Sicily during the Allied invasion of the islan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
6th Army (Italy)
The 6th Army was a field army of the Royal Italian Army which was formed in World War I and World War II. World War I The Sixth Army was first formed on 1 December 1916 under command of Ettore Mambretti. This Army was created primarily from the First Army (Italy), First Army. By August 1916 the First Army had grown from its original composition of two Corps (Corpo d'Armata) to six Corps. Included in its Order of Battle were the XII Corps (under General Zoppi), the XX Corps (under General Montuori) and the XVIII Corps (under General Etna). The first two of these units were given the responsibility for the defense of the Altopiano di Asiago, a high plateau northwest of Vicenza. Because of the assignment to this sector, these two Corps were officially identified as Truppe Altipiani (Highland Troops). The Truppe Altipiani were commanded by General Mambretti. They remained under the control of the First Army until the new Sixth Army was formed, commanded also by Mambretti. In November 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Kesselring
Albert Kesselring (30 November 1885 – 16 July 1960) was a German military officer and convicted war crime, war criminal who served in the ''Luftwaffe'' during World War II. In a career which spanned both world wars, Kesselring reached the rank of the (Field marshal) and became one of Nazi Germany's most highly decorated commanders. Kesselring joined the Bavarian Army as an officer cadet in 1904, serving in the artillery branch. He completed training as a Observation balloon, balloon observer in 1912. During World War I, he served on both the Western Front (World War I), Western and Eastern Front (World War I), Eastern fronts and was posted to the Army Staff (Germany), Army Staff, despite not having attended the War Academy (Kingdom of Bavaria), War Academy. Kesselring served in the after the war, but was discharged in 1933 to become head of the Department of Administration at the Ministry of Aviation (Nazi Germany), Ministry of Aviation, where he became involved in the re-e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oberbefehlshaber Süd
The Commander in Chief South () was a high-ranking position in the Luftwaffe of Nazi Germany. All Luftwaffe units based in the Mediterranean and North African theatres of World War II fell under this command. The command was subordinate to the , the Italian high command. was also the commander of ''Luftflotte 2''. After the Armistice of Cassibile, the position of was superseded on 16 November 1943 by , which remained to be Albert Kesselring Albert Kesselring (30 November 1885 – 16 July 1960) was a German military officer and convicted war crime, war criminal who served in the ''Luftwaffe'' during World War II. In a career which spanned both world wars, Kesselring reached the ra .... Commanding officers Chiefs of Staff Operations Officers (Ia) Sources Axis HistoryAlbert Kesselring by Pier Paolo Battistelli, page 12 {{DEFAULTSORT:OB Sud German High Command during World War II ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vittorio Ambrosio
Vittorio Ambrosio (28 July 1879 – 19 November 1958) was an Italian general who served in the Italo-Turkish War, World War I, and World War II. During the last phase of World War II Ambrosio supported the fall of Benito Mussolini and Italy's eventual renunciation of the German alliance. Before World War II Ambrosio was a native of Turin. In 1896 he entered the Military School of Modena; on completion of his schooling he was commissioned as a cavalry officer. During the Italo-Turkish War (1911–1912) he served as a ''tenente'' (first lieutenant) in the ''Cavaleggeri di Lucca'' regiment. Ambrosio served as a divisional chief of staff during World War I. In 1935 he was appointed Commander XII Army Corps. By 1939 he had risen to command the Second Army, located on the Yugoslav border. World War II Ambrosio's early actions in World War II included leading the Italian offensive during the Invasion of Yugoslavia in 1941. After brief but heavy fighting, the 2nd Army under ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Comando Supremo
''Comando Supremo'' (Supreme Command) was the highest command echelon of the Italian Armed Forces between June 1941 and May 1945. Its predecessor, the ''Stato Maggiore Generale'' (General Staff), was a purely advisory body with no direct control of the several branches of the armed forces and with very little staff. Created amidst the exigencies of World War II, ''Comando Supremo'' was a large organization with several departments and operational command of the armed forces on the active fronts. At the end of the war, it was reduced to a purely advisory role again. Background At the time of Italy's entry into World War II on 10 June 1940, the Italian armed forces were not unified, although Prime Minister Benito Mussolini held the ministries of Italian Minister of War, War, the Minister of the Navy (Italy), Navy and Minister of the Air Force (Italy), Air Force concurrently. On 11 June 1940, King Victor Emmanuel III named Mussolini "Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces Operating on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthur Tedder
Marshal of the Royal Air Force Arthur William Tedder, 1st Baron Tedder, (11 July 1890 – 3 June 1967) was a British Royal Air Force officer and peer. He was a pilot and squadron commander in the Royal Flying Corps in the First World War and he went on to serve as a senior officer in the Royal Air Force (RAF) during the inter-war years when he served in Turkey, Great Britain and the Far East. During World War II, as Air Officer Commanding of the RAF Middle East Command, Tedder directed RAF air operations in the Mediterranean and North Africa, including the evacuation of Crete and ''Operation Crusader'' in North Africa. His bombing tactics became known as the " Tedder Carpet". Later in the war Tedder took command of the Mediterranean Air Command and in that role was closely involved in the planning of the Allied invasion of Sicily and the Allied invasion of Italy. When Operation Overlord—the invasion of France—came to be planned, Tedder was appointed Deputy Supreme Comman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
