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Internet In Ethiopia
In Ethiopia, the Internet penetration rate is 25% as of January 2022, and it is currently attempting a broad expansion of access throughout the country. These efforts have been hampered by the largely rural makeup of the Ethiopian population and the government's refusal to permit any privatization of the telecommunications market. Only 360,000 people had Internet access in 2008, a penetration rate of 0.4%. The state-owned Ethio Telecom (previously known as Ethiopian Telecommunications Corporation (ETC)) is the sole Internet service provider (ISP) in the country. Ethio Telecom comes in at very high prices which makes it difficult for private users to purchase it. Internet cafés are the main source of access in urban areas, and an active community of bloggers and online journalists now play an important role in offering alternative news sources and venues for political dialogue. However, three quarters of the country's Internet cafés are in the capital city, Addis Ababa, and eve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East African Submarine Cable System
The Eastern Africa Submarine Cable System (EASSy) is an undersea fibre optic cable system connecting countries in Eastern Africa to the rest of the world. EASSy runs from Mtunzini in South Africa to Port Sudan in Sudan, with landing points in nine countries and is connected to at least ten landlocked countries — which will no longer have to rely on satellite Internet access to carry voice and data services. EASSy was the highest capacity system serving sub-Saharan Africa until the commissioning of WACS. It has a 2 fibre-pair configuration with a design capacity of more than 10 terabit per second (Tbit/s). It is the first to deliver direct connectivity between east Africa and Europe / North America. It is the only system with built-in resilience end-to-end. EASSy interconnects with multiple international submarine cable networks for onward connectivity to Europe, the Americas, and Asia. The project, partially funded by the World Bank, was initiated in January 2003, when ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Addis Neger (website)
''Addis Neger'' was an Ethiopian daily news website published in Maryland, USA, for a worldwide Ethiopian audience. It was the largest metropolitan website available for the Ethiopian diaspora. Founded on August 4, 2006, the site was rated the number one Ethiopian news web site in 2008. However, it was not connected to the popular '' Addis Neger'' private newspaper in Ethiopia. The original ''Addis Neger'' news outlet was founded in 2005 by two political science students in Ethiopia. After the government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a State (polity), state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive (government), execu ... arrested one of the students, the other fled to the U.S. and established the website in 2006 in order to publicize the political and social situation in Ethiopia. The names of the members were purposely kept hidden until the impri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abiye Teklemariam
Abiye Teklemariam Megenta, also known as Abiye Teklemariam, is an Ethiopian print and radio journalist who co-founded the defunct '' Addis Neger'', which was the largest private newspaper in Ethiopia before its closure in December 2009. Three top editors of the newspaper quietly slipped out of the country, accusing the Ethiopian government of relentless intimidation, harassment and persecution. Abiye, who was the newspaper's executive editor, had left the country two months earlier for the United Kingdom. On a BBC interview, he staunchly defended the decision of his colleagues to leave the country, claiming that the government's plan to bring charges against the newspaper's top editors made their tasks impossible to carry out. Presently, he is a vocal democracy activist and a student in Oxford, England. Career A lawyer and political theorist by training, Abiye started his media career writing on legal issues of the Eritrean-Ethiopian War (1998–2000) on Ethiopian Reporter, a pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mesfin Negash
Mesfin Negash (Amharic: መስፍን ነጋሽ) is an Ethiopian journalist, political commentator for Addis Neger and columnist for ''Sampsonia Way Magazine''. He is a graduate of Addis Ababa University where he studied political science. Career His career as a journalist started at the Ethiopian Reporter in 2001. He wrote on issues of politics and international relations. Before the controversial May 2005 elections, Negash left the newspaper to join Meznagna newspaper as a columnist while working for local and international NGO as a communication specialist and program officer. His political articles in Meznagna were most supportive of the Coalition for Unity and Democracy(CUD). In one of his articles, he opposed the early position of his former paper which called for the establishment of unity government in Ethiopia. Mesfin's contention was that the ruling party's democratic centralism Democratic centralism is the organisational principle of most communist parties, in whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ginbot 7
Ginbot 7 (Amharic: ግንቦት 7) is an Ethiopian opposition political organization, founded in 2008 by Andargachew Tsige and Berhanu Nega. According to their mission statement, Ginbot 7's goal is "the realization of a national political system in which government power and political authority is assumed through peaceful and democratic process based on the free will and choice of citizens of the country." According to the US State Department Human Rights report of 2011, Ginbot 7 "espouses violent overthrow of the (Ethiopian) government". According to ''The New Yorker'' in 2014, Ginbot 7 are "an exiled pro-democracy party that the Ethiopian government labelled a terrorist group in 2011, under a vague and widely condemned proclamation." History Ginbot 7 means "15 May", the date of the 2005 Ethiopian general election, which was "marred by protests over alleged fraud that led to the deaths of about 200 people." Ginbot 7 allied with many political organizations and freedom movements. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eskinder Nega
Eskinder Nega (, born 7 November 1969) is an Ethiopian journalist, blogger and politician who has been convicted several times by the Ethiopian government for treason and terrorism. In September 2019, Eskinder founded the Balderas Party and became a chairman thereafter. A war in Amhara broke out after the Ethiopian government decided to unite the regional special forces in Amhara Region in April 2023. He then formed and led Fano's main command named Amhara People's Army since May 2023. Early life Eskinder was born to highly educated parents, his father having done graduate work at Rutgers University and his mother at the American University of Beirut. They eventually divorced and his mother, with whom Eskinder lived, opened a clinic. Eskinder is of Amhara origin. Eskinder attended Sandford School in Addis Ababa. Eskinder moved to the United States in 1980s where he attended college, then studied economics at American University. Career Eskinder returned to Ethiopia in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TCP Reset Attack
A TCP reset attack, also known as a forged TCP reset or spoofed TCP reset, is a way to terminate a TCP connection by sending a forged TCP reset packet. This tampering technique can be used by a firewall or abused by a malicious attacker to interrupt Internet connections. As of 2025, the The Great Firewall of China, Iranian Internet censors, and Indonesian TKPPSE Firewall system are known to use TCP reset attacks to interfere with and block connections as a major method to carry out Internet censorship. Background The Internet is a system for individual computers to exchange electronic messages, or packets of data. This system includes hardware to carry the messages (such as copper and fiber optics cables) and a formalized system for formatting the messages, called "protocols". The basic protocol used on the Internet is the Internet Protocol (IP), which is usually coupled with additional protocols such as TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) or UDP (User Datagram Protocol). TC ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front
The Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF; ) was an ethnic federalist political coalition in Ethiopia that existed from 1989 to 2019. It consisted of four political parties: Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), Amhara Democratic Party (ADP), Oromo Democratic Party (ODP) and Southern Ethiopian People's Democratic Movement (SEPDM). After leading the overthrow of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, it dominated Ethiopian politics from 1991 to 2019. In November 2019, the EPRDF was dissolved, and Prime Minister and EPDRF chairman Abiy Ahmed merged three of the constituent parties (not including the TPLF) into his new Prosperity Party, which was officially founded on 1 December 2019. History During the Ethiopian Civil War, the EPRDF was a rebel group battling the Derg, a military regime led by Mengistu Haile Mariam that was effectively in power from 1974 until it was replaced by the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia in 1987. During ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethiopian Telecommunication Agency
The Ethiopian Communications Authority (Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ኮምኒኬሽን ባለስልጣን, ECA) is the part of the Ethiopian government which regulates the telecommunications and postal sectors of Ethiopia. Its primary objective is to promote the development of high quality, efficient, reliable and affordable communications services in Ethiopia. It is also accountable to the Prime Minister; its current Director General is Engineer Balcha Reba since 2019. History The introduction of telecommunication service in Ethiopia dated back during the reign of Emperor Menelik II in 1894. He introduced telephony while his cousin, Ras Mekonnen pioneered the first telephone after visiting Italy and returned to Ethiopia and established his company. In early 20th century, the company was under the control of the government and later brought to Ministry of Post and Communications. In 1952, the telecommunication service was separated from postal administration and was administere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oromo Liberation Front
The Oromo Liberation Front (, abbreviated: ABO; English abbreviation: OLF) is an Oromo nationalist political party formed in 1973 to promote self-determination and the independence for the Oromo people inhabiting today's Oromia Region and Oromia Zone in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. The OLF has offices in Addis Ababa, Washington, D.C., and Berlin, from which it operates radio stations that broadcast in Amharic and Oromo. The OLF is not to be confused with the Oromo Liberation Army, which is the now independent former military wing of the OLF. The OLA split from the OLF following disagreements over disarmament. History The Oromo people, an ethnic group native to the Oromia Region of Ethiopia, remained independent until the last quarter of the nineteenth century, when they lost their sovereignty and were conquered by Abyssinia. The Oromos suffered harsh oppression under the imperial rule of Haile Selassie, who was ethnically Oromo and Amhara. Under the Haile Selassie regime, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ONLF
The Ogaden National Liberation Front, abbreviated ONLF, (, JWXO; ) is a Somali nationalist armed and political organization seeking self-determination for the Somali-inhabited Ogaden (Somali region) of eastern Ethiopia. Founded in 1984 by former members of the Western Somali Liberation Front (WSLF), the ONLF initially pursued political autonomy through Ethiopia’s federal system after the collapse of the Derg regime during 1991. It won a regional majority in 1992, but growing disillusionment with the federal arrangement, political exclusion, and repression by the central government led the ONLF to launch an armed insurgency in 1994. Over the following decades, the group waged a sustained guerrilla campaign across the Somali Region, targeting Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) positions and resource extraction projects by the central government that it viewed as exploitative. In 2018, the group signed a peace agreement with the new Ethiopian government led by Abiy Ahmed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
