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International Standard Book Number
The International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is a numeric commercial book identifier that is intended to be unique. Publishers purchase or receive ISBNs from an affiliate of the International ISBN Agency. A different ISBN is assigned to each separate edition and variation of a publication, but not to a simple reprinting of an existing item. For example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition of the same book must each have a different ISBN, but an unchanged reprint of the hardcover edition keeps the same ISBN. The ISBN is ten digits long if assigned before 2007, and thirteen digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007. The method of assigning an ISBN is nation-specific and varies between countries, often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a country. The first version of the ISBN identification format was devised in 1967, based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering (SBN) created in 1966. The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Article Number
International Article Number, also known as European Article Number (EAN), is a global standard that defines a barcode format and a unique numbering system used in retail and trade. It helps identify specific types of retail products based on their packaging and manufacturer, making it easier to track and manage products across international supply chains. Originally developed to simplify product identification in stores, the EAN system has been integrated into the broader Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) standard managed by GS1, a worldwide organization responsible for such standards. While GTIN covers various barcode types, EAN remains one of the most widely recognized formats, especially at retail point-of-sale systems. Beyond just checkout scanning, these numbers are also used for inventory control, wholesale transactions, and accounting processes. The most widely used version is EAN-13, a thirteen-digit format that evolved from the earlier 12-digit Universal Product Code (UPC- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gordon Foster
Frederic Gordon Foster (24 February 1921 – 20 December 2010) was an Irish computational engineer, statistician, professor, and college dean who is widely known for devising, in 1965, a nine-digit code upon which the International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is based. Life Foster was born in Belfast, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, between the 1920 enactment and 1921 implementation of the partition of Ireland. He studied at the Royal Belfast Academical Institution and began advanced study in mathematics at Queen's University Belfast. During World War II, he was recruited from Queen's by MI6 to work as a code-breaker at Bletchley Park. After the war, he resumed studies at Magdalen College, Oxford. A lecture on feedback control by Norbert Wiener, regarded as the originator of cybernetics, proved to be a great influence on Foster's research. Upon completing his PhD at Magdalen, he accepted an offer to lecture on his research at the University of Manchester, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Article Number
International Article Number, also known as European Article Number (EAN), is a global standard that defines a barcode format and a unique numbering system used in retail and trade. It helps identify specific types of retail products based on their packaging and manufacturer, making it easier to track and manage products across international supply chains. Originally developed to simplify product identification in stores, the EAN system has been integrated into the broader Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) standard managed by GS1, a worldwide organization responsible for such standards. While GTIN covers various barcode types, EAN remains one of the most widely recognized formats, especially at retail point-of-sale systems. Beyond just checkout scanning, these numbers are also used for inventory control, wholesale transactions, and accounting processes. The most widely used version is EAN-13, a thirteen-digit format that evolved from the earlier 12-digit Universal Product Code (UPC- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bookland
"Bookland" is the informal name for the Unique Country Code (UCC) prefix allocated in the 1980s for European Article Number (EAN) identifiers of published books, regardless of country of origin, so that the EAN namespace can catalogue books by ISBN rather than maintaining a redundant parallel numbering system. Bookland is a fictitious country that exists solely in EAN for the purposes of non-geographically cataloguing books in the otherwise geographically keyed EAN coding system. History Until January 1, 2007, all ISBNs were allocated as 9-digit numbers followed by a modulo 11 checksum character that was either a decimal digit or the letter "X". A Bookland EAN was generated by concatenating the Bookland UCC 978, the 9 digits of the book's ISBN other than its checksum, and the EAN checksum digit. Since parts of the 10-character ISBN space are nearly full, all books published from 2007 on have been allocated a 13-digit ISBN, which is identical to the Bookland EAN. Most of UC ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ballantine Books
Ballantine Books is a major American book publisher that is a subsidiary of German media conglomerate Bertelsmann. Ballantine was founded in 1952 by Ian Ballantine with his wife, Betty Ballantine. Ballantine was acquired by Random House in 1973, which in turn was acquired by Bertelsmann in 1998 and remains part of that company. Ballantine's original logo was a pair of mirrored letter Bs back to back, later changing to two Bs stacked to form an elaborate gate. The firm's early editors were Stanley Kauffmann and Bernard Shir-Cliff. History Following Fawcett Publications' controversial 1950 introduction of Gold Medal paperback originals rather than reprints, Lion Books, Avon and Ace also decided to publish originals. In 1952, Ian Ballantine, a founder of Bantam Books, announced that he would "offer trade publishers a plan for simultaneous publishing of original titles in two editions, a hardcover 'regular' edition for bookstore sale, and a paper-cover, 'newsstand' size, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Check Digit
A check digit is a form of redundancy check used for Error detection and correction, error detection on identification numbers, such as bank account numbers, which are used in an application where they will at least sometimes be input manually. It is analogous to a binary parity bit used to check for errors in computer-generated data. It consists of one or more digits (or letters) computed by an algorithm from the other digits (or letters) in the sequence input. With a check digit, one can detect simple errors in the input of a series of characters (usually digits) such as a single mistyped digit or some permutations of two successive digits. Design Check digit algorithms are generally designed to capture ''human'' transcription errors. In order of complexity, these include the following: * letter/digit errors, such as l → 1 or O → 0 * single-digit errors, such as 1 → 2 * transposition errors, such as 12 → 21 * twin errors, such as 11 → 22 * jump transpositions errors, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Publishing
Publishing is the activities of making information, literature, music, software, and other content, physical or digital, available to the public for sale or free of charge. Traditionally, the term publishing refers to the creation and distribution of Printing, printed works, such as books, comic books, newspapers, and magazine, magazines to the public. With the advent of digital information systems, the scope has expanded to include electronic publishing, digital publishing such as E-book, e-books, Magazines, digital magazines, Electronic publishing, websites, social media, music, and video game publisher, video game publishing. The commercial publishing industry ranges from large multinational conglomerates such as News Corp, Pearson PLC, Pearson, Penguin Random House, and Thomson Reuters to major retail brands and thousands of small independent publishers. It has various divisions such as trade/retail publishing of fiction and non-fiction, educational publishing, and Academi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Guv'nor And Other Short Stories
''The Guv'nor and Other Short Stories'' (Collins, 1932) is a short story compilation by the British crime writer Edgar Wallace. These are the final stories about Mr. J. G. Reeder, a detective with "the mind of a criminal". They include *"The Guv'nor" *"The Man Who Passed" ("The Man from Sing Sing") *"The Shadow Man" *"The Treasure House" In America the book was published as ''Mr. Reeder Returns'' (The Crime Club, Doubleday, Doran, 1932) with the stories in a different order: "The Guv'nor", "The Man from Sing Sing", "The Treasure House", and "The Shadow Man". A later (1965) edition ''Mr. J. G. Reeder Returns'' contains only "The Treasure House" and "The Shadow Man". The 1969 imprint was a tie in with the 1969 Thames Television series ''The Mind of Mr. J.G. Reeder'', starring Hugh Burden. References * ''The Detective Short Story; A Bibliography'' by Ellery Queen (Little, Brown and Company, 1942, p. 111) British short story collections 1932 short story coll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Total Number Of Registration ISBN 2020
Total may refer to: Mathematics * Total, the summation of a set of numbers * Total order, a partial order without incomparable pairs * Total relation, which may also mean ** connected relation (a binary relation in which any two elements are comparable). * Total function, a partial function that is also a total relation Business * TotalEnergies, a French petroleum company, formerly known as Total * Total (cereal), a food brand by General Mills * Total, a brand of strained yogurt made by Fage * Total, a database management system marketed by Cincom Systems * Total Linhas Aéreas, a Brazilian airline * Total, a line of dental products by Colgate Music and culture * Total (group), an American R&B girl group * '' Total: From Joy Division to New Order'', a compilation album * ''Total'' (Sebastian album) * ''Total'' (Total album) * ''Total'' (Teenage Bottlerocket album) * ''Total'' (Seigmen album) * ''Total'' (Wanessa album) * ''Total'' (Belinda Peregrín album) * ''Total ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TC 46/SC 9
ISO/TC 46 is Technical Committee 46 of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), responsible for matters concerning information, indexing and documentation. The scope of the committee is 'standardization of practices relating to libraries, documentation and information centres, publishing, archives, records management, museum documentation, indexing and abstracting services, and information science'. Leadership Since 2022, the Technical Committee Chair is Grégory Miura, from France. For 2018–2022, the chair was Gaëlle Béquet, from France, who served two term as chairperson (the first was 2014–2017). Françoise Pellé, also French, served as chair from 2008 to 2014. Subcommittees Most work of the Technical Committee is done by Subcommittees (SC) dealing with a particular field. The Subcommittees are: * ISO/TC 46/SC 2: Conversion of written languages (Inactive) * ISO/TC 46/SC 3: Terminology of information and documentation (Inactive) * ISO/TC 46/SC 4: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Registration Authority
Registration authorities (RAs) exist for many standards organizations, such as ISO, the Object Management Group, W3C, and others. In general, registration authorities all perform a similar function, in promoting the use of a particular standard through facilitating its use. This may be by applying the standard, where appropriate, or by verifying that a particular application satisfies the standard's tenants. Maintenance agencies, in contrast, may change an element in a standard based on set rules – such as the creation or change of a currency code when a currency is created or revalued (i.e. TRL to TRY for Turkish lira). The Object Management Group has an additional concept of certified provider, which is deemed an entity permitted to perform some functions on behalf of the registration authority, under specific processes and procedures documented within the standard for such a role. An ISO registration authority is not authorized to update standards but provides a registratio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Publishers Association
The International Publishers Association (IPA, originally Congrès international des éditeurs) is an international publishing industry federation of national publisher associations representing book and journal publishing, founded in 1896 in Paris. It is a non-profit and non-governmental organization, to promote and protect publishing and to raise awareness for publishing in the context of economic, cultural and political development. The IPA represents the interests of the publishing industry on an international level. The IPA's two core pillars are the promotion of copyright and the protection of the freedom to publish. The IPA actively opposes censorship and promotes literacy. Since 2005, the IPA has awarded the Freedom to Publish Prize, renamed the Prix Voltaire in 2016. In 2022, it introduced two additional prizes, a Champion Award and an Innovation Award. History The organization was founded in 1896 in Paris, France, as the Congrès international des éditeurs (Inte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
