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International Federation For Housing And Planning
The International Federation for Housing and Planning (IFHP) is a world-wide network of professionals founded in England representing the broad field of housing and planning. Its membership is drawn from corporate organisations, professional individuals and those with vocational interests in its activities. The Federation organises a wide range of activities and creates opportunities for an international exchange of knowledge and experience in the professional field. Among these activities, the most prominent event is the annual congress devoted to a topical theme. History IFHP was founded in London in 1913 by Ebenezer Howard. Howard was the father of the ' garden city', a combined housing and planning concept designed to solve the problems of ever-expanding metropolitan cities and to create better living conditions for the people. Howard had established the Town and Country Planning Association in 1899 to promote these 'garden city' ideals. The establishment of IFHP with its p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Non-governmental Organization
A non-governmental organization (NGO) is an independent, typically nonprofit organization that operates outside government control, though it may get a significant percentage of its funding from government or corporate sources. NGOs often focus on humanitarian or social issues but can also include clubs and associations offering services to members. Some NGOs, like the World Economic Forum, may also act as lobby groups for corporations. Unlike international organizations (IOs), which directly interact with sovereign states and governments, NGOs are independent from them. The term as it is used today was first introduced in Article 71 of the UN Charter, Article 71 of the newly formed United Nations Charter in 1945. While there is no fixed or formal definition for what NGOs are, they are generally defined as nonprofit entities that are independent of governmental influence—although they may receive government funding. According to the United Nations Department of Global Communic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Town And Country Planning Association
The Town and Country Planning Association (TCPA) is an independent research and campaigning charity founded and based in the United Kingdom. It works to enable homes, places and communities in which everyone can thrive, informed by the Garden City Principles. History Founded by Sir Ebenezer Howard in 1899 to promote the idea of the Garden City, the TCPA is Britain's oldest charity concerned with planning, housing and the environment. The association was first called the Garden City Association, and then the Garden Cities and Town Planning Association, broadening its scope to promote town planning as well as garden cities. It is the first pressure group for planning and predates the formation of the Royal Town Planning Institute. Women played an active role in the TCPA. Sir Ebenezer Howard said in Garden Cities of To-morrow: "Woman's influence is too often ignored. When the Garden City is built, as it shortly will be, woman's share in the work will be found to have been a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
The (abbreviated as ''VU Amsterdam'' or simply ''VU'' when in context) is a public university, public research university in Amsterdam, Netherlands, founded in 1880. The VU Amsterdam is one of two large, publicly funded research universities in the city, the other being the University of Amsterdam (UvA). The literal translation of the Dutch name is "Free University". "Free" refers to independence of the university from both the State (polity), State and the Dutch Reformed Church. Both within and outside the university, the institution is commonly referred to as "the VU". Although founded as a private institution, the VU has received government funding on a parity basis with public universities since 1970. The university is located on a compact urban campus in the southern Buitenveldert neighbourhood of Amsterdam and adjacent to the modern Zuidas business district. As of October 2021, the VU had 29,796 registered students, most of whom were full-time students. That year, the uni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karl Strölin
Karl Strölin (21 October 1890 – 21 January 1963) was a German Nazi politician and from 1933 to 1945, was the mayor of Stuttgart. Early career Karl Strölin was born in 1890 into a religious family in Berlin, Germany. As the son of an army general, he first pursued a career as an officer and took part in the First World War. In 1920, he was forced to leave the military along with thousands of other officers per the disarmament provisions of the Versailles Treaty. He received his doctorate with a thesis on the situation of workers and the middle class before and after the First World War. In 1923 he joined the newly founded National Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi Party), and after it was banned in the mid-1920s, joined again in 1931. Nazi politician In 1931, Strölin stood as the NSDAP candidate in Stuttgart's mayoral election against the incumbent . Strölin had to accept significant defeat, receiving only 26,000 votes to Lautenschlager's 115,000. Nevertheless, Str ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Pepler
Sir George Lionel Pepler (24 February 1882 – 13 April 1959) was a British town planner who was influential in the development of town planning practice in the first half of the twentieth century. Life and career George Pepler was born 24 February 1882 in Croydon, Surrey, and was educated at Bootham School, York, and The Leys School, Cambridge. Scottish Archive Network: George Pepler , Retrieved 17 January 2013 He trained as a , but became interested in development and town planning issues, and established a practice with Ernest G. Allen. From 1908, they were among the first to specialise in laying out new villages and housing estates for l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Union
The European Union (EU) is a supranational union, supranational political union, political and economic union of Member state of the European Union, member states that are Geography of the European Union, located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated population of over 449million as of 2024. The EU is often described as a ''sui generis'' political entity combining characteristics of both a federation and a confederation. Containing 5.5% of the world population in 2023, EU member states generated a nominal gross domestic product (GDP) of around €17.935 trillion in 2024, accounting for approximately one sixth of global economic output. Its cornerstone, the European Union Customs Union, Customs Union, paved the way to establishing European Single Market, an internal single market based on standardised European Union law, legal framework and legislation that applies in all member states in those matters, and only those matters, where the states ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is the Earth, global intergovernmental organization established by the signing of the Charter of the United Nations, UN Charter on 26 June 1945 with the stated purpose of maintaining international peace and international security, security, to develop friendly Diplomacy, relations among State (polity), states, to promote international cooperation, and to serve as a centre for harmonizing the actions of states in achieving those goals. The United Nations headquarters is located in New York City, with several other offices located in United Nations Office at Geneva, Geneva, United Nations Office at Nairobi, Nairobi, United Nations Office at Vienna, Vienna, and The Hague. The UN comprises six principal organizations: the United Nations General Assembly, General Assembly, the United Nations Security Council, Security Council, the United Nations Economic and Social Council, Economic and Social Council, the International Court of Justice, the United Nations Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fæstningens Materialgård
Fæstningens Materialgård is a former military storage facility at 30 Frederiksholms Kanal in Copenhagen, Denmark. Arranged around a central courtyard, the individual buildings have been built to a homogeneous design, all with yellow-washed facades, green doors and gates, white window frames and red tile roofs, but they have in fact been accumulated over an extended period of time, mainly between 1740 and 1925. They also integrate visually and physically with the adjacent ''Civiletatens Materialgård'', a storage facility associated with the royal palaces, and the Royal Horse Guards Barracks, together forming an area of low, yellow buildings surrounded on three sides by Frederiksholm Canal, Bryghusgade and Vester Voldgade. The International Federation for Housing and Planning was one of the first tenants moving into 30 Frederiksholms Kanal in December 2012. History Frederiksholm Canal was dug in 1681 and a new military storage facility, ''Fæstningens Materialgård'', was esta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garden City Movement
The garden city movement was a 20th century urban planning movement promoting satellite communities surrounding the central city and separated with Green belt, greenbelts. These Garden Cities would contain proportionate areas of residences, industry, and agriculture. Ebenezer Howard first posited the idea in 1898 as a way to capture the primary benefits of the countryside and the city while avoiding the disadvantages presented by both. In the early 20th century, Letchworth and Welwyn Garden City were built near London according to Howard's concept and many other garden cities inspired by his model have since been built all over the world. History Conception Inspired by the utopian novel ''Looking Backward'' by Edward Bellamy, and Henry George's work ''Progress and Poverty'', Howard published the book '': a Peaceful Path to Real Reform'' in 1898 (reissued in 1902 as ''Garden Cities of To-morrow''). His idealised garden city would house 32,000 people on a site of . Howard's di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
London
London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Western Europe, with a population of 14.9 million. London stands on the River Thames in southeast England, at the head of a tidal estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a major settlement for nearly 2,000 years. Its ancient core and financial centre, the City of London, was founded by the Roman Empire, Romans as Londinium and has retained its medieval boundaries. The City of Westminster, to the west of the City of London, has been the centuries-long host of Government of the United Kingdom, the national government and Parliament of the United Kingdom, parliament. London grew rapidly 19th-century London, in the 19th century, becoming the world's List of largest cities throughout history, largest city at the time. Since the 19th cen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urban Planning
Urban planning (also called city planning in some contexts) is the process of developing and designing land use and the built environment, including air, water, and the infrastructure passing into and out of urban areas, such as transportation, communications, and distribution networks, and their accessibility. Traditionally, urban planning followed a top-down approach in master planning the physical layout of human settlements. The primary concern was the public welfare, which included considerations of efficiency, sanitation, protection and use of the environment, as well as taking account of effects of the master plans on the social and economic activities. Over time, urban planning has adopted a focus on the social and environmental "bottom lines" that focuses on using planning as a tool to improve the health and well-being of people and maintain sustainability standards. In the early 21st century, urban planning experts such as Jane Jacobs called on urban planners to take ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spatial Planning
Spatial planning mediates between the respective claims on space of the state, market, and community. In so doing, three different mechanisms of involving stakeholders, integrating sectoral policies and promoting development projects mark the three schools of transformative strategy formulation, innovation action and performance in spatial planning Spatial planning systems refer to the methods and approaches used by the public and private sectors to influence the distribution of people and activities in different geographic areas. Spatial planning coordinates practices and policies that shape spatial organization. Spatial planning is synonymous with the practices of urban planning in the United States but at larger scales, and the term is often used in reference to planning efforts in European countries. Discrete professional disciplines which involve spatial planning include land use planning, land use, urban planning, urban, regional planning, regional, transport planning, tra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
