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Info-Türk
Info-Türk is a Turco-European working group and foundation that was founded in 1974 in Brussels with the aim to inform world opinion of the social, economic, cultural and political life of Turkey, and to address issues relating to emigration from Turkey. As well its monthly ''Info-Türk'' bulletin, Info-Türk has published many books, pamphlets, files, records and cassettes in different languages, mainly in English, French, Dutch, German and Turkish. In 2006, on the occasion of Info-Türk's founders being awarded the Human Rights Association of Turkey's ''Ayse Zarakolu Freedom of Thought Prize'', IFEX said that Info-Türk had "tackled many subjects considered taboo in Turkey, including anti-semitism and the question of the Armenian Genocide." Background Historically, it is the continuation of two preceding initiatives in Turkey led by its founders Doğan Özgüden and Inci Tugsavul. Ant Publications (Ant Yayınları) published in Istanbul a socialist review (''Ant'') and more tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doğan Özgüden
Doğan Özgüden (born 1936, Kalecik, Ankara) is a Turkish journalist and publisher. A former editor of '' Akşam'' (1964–1966), he has been based in Belgium since 1974, having left Turkey after the 1971 military coup under threat of over 300 years in prison for his publications. Together with Info-Türk co-founder Inci Tugsavul he was awarded the 2006 ''Ayse Zarakolu Freedom of Thought Prize'' by the Human Rights Association of Turkey for Info-Türk's journalism. Career Özgüden worked at a variety of Turkish newspapers from 1952 to 1964, before becoming editor-in-chief of Turkish daily newspaper '' Akşam'' (1964–1966). A member of the Workers Party of Turkey (TIP), he was elected to the party's central committee in 1964. Together with Inci Tugsavul, Özgüden co-founded the Ant Publishing House in 1967, publishing the weekly '' Ant'' as well as a variety of books. Info-TürkInfo-Türk Editors/ref> After the banning of ''Ant'' by the junta of the 1971 military coup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ant (newspaper)
''Ant'' was a Turkish political magazine with a socialist leaning that existed between 1967 and 1971. The magazine is one of the socialist publications which appeared in the 1960s when socialist movements were on rise in Turkey like in other countries. History and profile ''Ant'' was established by Turkish writers, Fethi Naci, Yaşar Kemal and Doğan Özgüden in 1967. The first issue of the weekly appeared on the 3 January 1967. The journal had 173 issues as a weekly until April 1970. After it was published as a monthly with the name ''Ant - A journal of socialist theory and action'' and had 84, but much smaller pages. Although the magazine was viewed as supportive of the Workers' Party of Turkey (TIP), it was not an official organ of the party. In the first issue, a socialist stance against the capitalists and landowners was announced. In later issues articles on the theories of Engels, Lenin, Ho Chi Minh or the Palestinian Nayef Hawatmeh were treated. In its first year of the m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Working Group
A working group, or working party, is a group of experts working together to achieve specified goals. The groups are domain-specific and focus on discussion or activity around a specific subject area. The term can sometimes refer to an interdisciplinary collaboration of researchers working on new activities that would be difficult to sustain under traditional funding mechanisms (e.g., federal agencies). The lifespan of a working group can last anywhere between a few months and several years. Such groups have the tendency to develop a ''quasi-permanent existence'' when the assigned task is accomplished; hence the need to disband (or phase out) the working group when it has achieved its goal(s). A working group's performance is made up of the individual results of all its individual members. A team's performance is made up of both individual results and collective results. In large organisations, working groups are prevalent, and the focus is always on individual goals, performan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xenophobia
Xenophobia () is the fear or dislike of anything which is perceived as being foreign or strange. It is an expression of perceived conflict between an in-group and out-group and may manifest in suspicion by the one of the other's activities, a desire to eliminate their presence, and fear of losing national, ethnic, or racial identity.Guido Bolaffi. ''Dictionary of race, ethnicity and culture''. SAGE Publications Ltd., 2003. Pp. 332. Alternate definitions A 1997 review article on xenophobia holds that it is "an element of a political struggle about who has the right to be cared for by the state and society: a fight for the collective good of the modern state." According to Italian sociologist Guido Bolaffi, xenophobia can also be exhibited as an "''uncritical exaltation of another culture''" which is ascribed "''an unreal, stereotyped and exotic quality''". History Ancient Europe An early example of xenophobic sentiment in Western culture is the Ancient Greek denigratio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Racism
Racism is the belief that groups of humans possess different behavioral traits corresponding to inherited attributes and can be divided based on the superiority of one race over another. It may also mean prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against other people because they are of a different race or ethnicity. Modern variants of racism are often based in social perceptions of biological differences between peoples. These views can take the form of social actions, practices or beliefs, or political systems in which different races are ranked as inherently superior or inferior to each other, based on presumed shared inheritable traits, abilities, or qualities. There have been attempts to legitimize racist beliefs through scientific means, such as scientific racism, which have been overwhelmingly shown to be unfounded. In terms of political systems (e.g. apartheid) that support the expression of prejudice or aversion in discriminatory practices or laws, racist ideol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1971 Turkish Coup D'état
The 1971 Turkish military memorandum ( tr, 12 Mart Muhtırası), issued on 12 March that year, was the second military intervention to take place in the Republic of Turkey, coming 11 years after its 1960 predecessor. It is known as the "coup by memorandum", which the military delivered in lieu of sending out tanks, as it had done previously. The event came amid worsening domestic strife, but ultimately did little to halt this phenomenon. Background As the 1960s wore on, violence and instability plagued Turkey. An economic recession late in that decade sparked a wave of social unrest marked by street demonstrations, labour strikes and political assassinations.Cleveland, William L. ''A history of the modern Middle East''. Westview Press (2004), , p.283 Left-wing workers' and students' movements were formed, countered on the right by Islamist and militant Turkish nationalist groups.Nohlen, Dieter, et al. (2001) ''Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook''. Oxford Universi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Istanbul
Istanbul ( , ; tr, İstanbul ), formerly known as Constantinople ( grc-gre, Κωνσταντινούπολις; la, Constantinopolis), is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, serving as the country's economic, cultural and historic hub. The city straddles the Bosporus strait, lying in both Europe and Asia, and has a population of over 15 million residents, comprising 19% of the population of Turkey. Istanbul is the list of European cities by population within city limits, most populous European city, and the world's List of largest cities, 15th-largest city. The city was founded as Byzantium ( grc-gre, Βυζάντιον, ) in the 7th century BCE by Ancient Greece, Greek settlers from Megara. In 330 CE, the Roman emperor Constantine the Great made it his imperial capital, renaming it first as New Rome ( grc-gre, Νέα Ῥώμη, ; la, Nova Roma) and then as Constantinople () after himself. The city grew in size and influence, eventually becom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ant Yayınları
Ants are eusocial insects of the family Formicidae and, along with the related wasps and bees, belong to the order Hymenoptera. Ants evolved from vespoid wasp ancestors in the Cretaceous period. More than 13,800 of an estimated total of 22,000 species have been classified. They are easily identified by their geniculate (elbowed) antennae and the distinctive node-like structure that forms their slender waists. Ants form colonies that range in size from a few dozen predatory individuals living in small natural cavities to highly organised colonies that may occupy large territories and consist of millions of individuals. Larger colonies consist of various castes of sterile, wingless females, most of which are workers (ergates), as well as soldiers (dinergates) and other specialised groups. Nearly all ant colonies also have some fertile males called "drones" and one or more fertile females called "queens" (gynes). The colonies are described as superorganisms because the ants appea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IFEX (organization)
IFEX, formerly International Freedom of Expression Exchange, is a global network of 124 independent non-governmental organisations that work at a local, national, regional, or international level to defend and promote freedom of expression as a human right. History IFEX was first proposed in 1992 in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, by a group of 12 non-governmental organisations who met to discuss how they could collaborate on responding to free expression violations around the world. The meeting was organised by the Canadian Committee to Protect Journalists (now Canadian Journalists for Free Expression). Over the next four years, IFEX consolidated its structure, built outreach programs, and established a web presence. By 2007 IFEX had established strategic free expression campaigns and programmes, and as of 2021 IFEX has over 123 network members located in 62 countries worldwide. Operations The day-to-day operations of the organisation are run by the IFEX Secretariat based in Toront ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brussels
Brussels (french: Bruxelles or ; nl, Brussel ), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (french: link=no, Région de Bruxelles-Capitale; nl, link=no, Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest), is a region of Belgium comprising 19 municipalities, including the City of Brussels, which is the capital of Belgium. The Brussels-Capital Region is located in the central portion of the country and is a part of both the French Community of Belgium and the Flemish Community, but is separate from the Flemish Region (within which it forms an enclave) and the Walloon Region. Brussels is the most densely populated region in Belgium, and although it has the highest GDP per capita, it has the lowest available income per household. The Brussels Region covers , a relatively small area compared to the two other regions, and has a population of over 1.2 million. The five times larger metropolitan area of Brussel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Human Rights Association Of Turkey
The Human Rights Association ( tr, İnsan Hakları Derneği, İHD) is an NGO for advancing Human rights in Turkey, founded in 1986 and headquartered in Ankara. Establishment The İHD's origins can be traced to the victims of the purges in the aftermath of the military coup of 1980 and was founded on 17 July 1986. The 98 founding members comprised lawyers, journalists, intellectuals, but mainly relatives of political prisoners. The organization works on all kind of human rights, but is mainly focused on abuses in Turkey. After in 1992 the IHD came under scrutiny from the public for not holding the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) accountable for their war crimes, the IHD acknowledged that in the southeast Turkey was raging a war.Kurban, Dilek (2020),p.190 In 1992, the statute was changed to cover humanitarian aspects as laid out in the Geneva Conventions. The IHD also criticized human rights violations of armed groups like the PKK which lead to criticism both by the PKK as the Tur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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