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Industry Standard Architecture
Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) is the 16-bit internal bus (computing), bus of IBM PC/AT and similar computers based on the Intel 80286 and its immediate successors during the 1980s. The bus was (largely) backward compatible with the 8-bit bus of the 8088-based IBM PC, including the IBM PC/XT as well as IBM PC compatibles. Originally referred to as the PC bus (8-bit) or AT bus (16-bit), it was also termed ''I/O Channel'' by IBM. The ISA term was coined as a retronym by IBM PC clone manufacturers in the late 1980s or early 1990s as a reaction to IBM attempts to replace the AT bus with its new and incompatible Micro Channel architecture. The 16-bit ISA bus was also used with 32-bit processors for several years. An attempt to extend it to 32 bits, called Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA), was not very successful, however. Later buses such as VESA Local Bus and Peripheral Component Interconnect, PCI were used instead, often along with ISA slots on the same mainbo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
8-bit
In computer architecture, 8-bit integers or other data units are those that are 8 bits wide (1 octet). Also, 8-bit central processing unit (CPU) and arithmetic logic unit (ALU) architectures are those that are based on registers or data buses of that size. Memory addresses (and thus address buses) for 8-bit CPUs are generally larger than 8-bit, usually 16-bit. 8-bit microcomputers are microcomputers that use 8-bit microprocessors. The term '8-bit' is also applied to the character sets that could be used on computers with 8-bit bytes, the best known being various forms of extended ASCII, including the ISO/IEC 8859 series of national character sets especially Latin 1 for English and Western European languages. The IBM System/360 introduced byte-addressable memory with 8-bit bytes, as opposed to bit-addressable or decimal digit-addressable or word-addressable memory, although its general-purpose registers were 32 bits wide, and addresses were contained in the lower 24 bits ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
VESA Local Bus
The VESA Local Bus (usually abbreviated to VL-Bus or VLB) is a short-lived expansion bus introduced during the i486 generation of x86 IBM-compatible personal computers. Created by VESA (Video Electronics Standards Association), the VESA Local Bus worked alongside the then-dominant ISA bus to provide a standardized high-speed conduit intended primarily to accelerate video (graphics) operations. VLB provides a standardized fast path that add-in (video) card makers could tap for greatly accelerated memory-mapped I/O and DMA, while still using the familiar ISA bus to handle basic device duties such as interrupts and port-mapped I/O. Some high-end 386DX motherboards also had a VL-Bus slot. Historical overview In the early 1990s, the I/O bandwidth of the prevailing ISA bus, 8.33 MB/s for standard 16 bit 8.33 MHz slots, had become a critical bottleneck to PC video and graphics performance. The need for faster graphics was driven by increased adoption of graphical user interf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mark Dean (computer Scientist)
Mark Edward Dean (born March 2, 1957) is an American inventor and computer engineer. He developed the ISA bus with his partner Dennis Moeller, and he led a design team for making a one-gigahertz computer processor chip. He holds three of nine PC patents for being the co-creator of the IBM personal computer released in 1981. In 1995, Dean was named the first ever African-American IBM Fellow. Dean was elected as a member into the National Academy of Engineering in 2001. In 2000, Mark discussed a hand held device that would be able to display media content, like a digital newspaper. In August 2011, Dean stated that he uses a tablet computer instead of a PC in his blog. Early life Dean was born in Jefferson City, Tennessee. Dean displayed an affinity for technology and invention at a young age. His father, James, worked bob electrical equipment for turbines and spillways. Dean's father would often bring him on work trips, introducing him to engineering. When Dean was young, he a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Us Robotics Isa Modem-2011-04-11
US or Us most often refers to: * ''Us'' (pronoun), the objective case of the English first-person plural pronoun ''we'' * US, an abbreviation for the United States US, U.S., Us, us, or u.s. may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Albums * ''Us'' (Brother Ali album) or the title song, 2009 * ''Us'' (Empress Of album), 2018 * ''Us'' (Mull Historical Society album), 2003 * ''Us'' (Peter Gabriel album), 1992 * ''Us'' (EP), by Moon Jong-up, 2021 * ''Us'', by Maceo Parker, 1974 * ''Us'', mini-album by Peakboy, 2019 Songs * "Us" (James Bay song), 2018 * "Us" (Jennifer Lopez song), 2018 * "Us" (Regina Spektor song), 2004 * "Us" (Gracie Abrams song), 2024 * "Us", by Azealia Banks from '' Fantasea'', 2012 * "Us", by Celine Dion from ''Let's Talk About Love'', 1997 * "Us", by Gucci Mane from '' Delusions of Grandeur'', 2019 * "Us", by Spoon from '' Hot Thoughts'', 2017 Other media * US Festival, two 1980s California music festivals organized by Steve Wozniak * ''Us'' (1991 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EISA Ethernet NIC
Eisa or EISA may refer to: Computing * Extended Industry Standard Architecture, a bus standard for computer add-on cards * EISA partition, an OEM disk partition type * Enterprise information security architecture Organisations * Electoral Institute of Southern Africa, former name of the Electoral Institute for Sustainable Democracy in Africa * Expert Imaging and Sound Association (EISA Awards) * European Initiative for Sustainable Development in Agriculture, an association of national and European agricultural associations and organisations Other uses * Eisa, a daughter of the jötunn Logi in Norse mythology * Eisa (dance), a form of folk dance in Okinawa * Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA 2007) * Hossam Eisa Hossam Eisa is an Egyptian politician and academic. He served as deputy prime minister and minister of higher education of Egypt from July 2013 until 1 March 2014. Education Eisa holds a PhD in law from the University of Sorbonne in France. Car ..., Egy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ISA TokenRing NIC
Isa or ISA may refer to: Places * Isa, Amur Oblast, Russia * Isa, Kagoshima, Japan * Isa, Nigeria * Isa District, Kagoshima, former district in Japan * Isa Town, middle class town located in Bahrain * Mount Isa, Queensland, Australia * Mount Isa Airport, IATA airport code "ISA" * Isa (river), a river in Belarus People * Īsā, the name of Jesus in Islam * Isa (name), an Arabic name corresponding to Jesus in English * Isa, stage name of Lee Chae-young, member of K-Pop group STAYC * Isa, female given name, short for Isabel or similar names beginning with Isa- such as Isadora * Isa Maud Ilsen (1868–1937), Canadian-American music therapist, nurse, lecturer * Isa Tengblad (born 1998), Swedish singer using the mononym Isa * Juan Isa (1913–1993), president of the International Baseball Federation (FIBA) from 1969 to 1975 Arts, entertainment, and media Fictional entities * ISA (''Days of Our Lives''), spy agency in TV series * Isa the iguana, in TV series ''Dora the Explorer'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adlib
Ad Lib, Inc. was a Canadian manufacturer of sound cards and other computer equipment founded by Martin Prevel, a former professor of music and vice-dean of the music department at the Université Laval. The company's best known product, the ''AdLib Music Synthesizer Card'' (''ALMSC''), or simply the ''AdLib'' as it was called, was the first add-on sound card for IBM compatibles to achieve widespread acceptance, becoming the first de facto standard for audio reproduction. History After development work on the AdLib Music Synthesizer Card had concluded, the company struggled to engage the software development community with their new product. As a result, Ad Lib partnered with Top Star Computer Services, Inc., a New Jersey company that provided quality assurance services to game developers. Top Star's President, Rich Heimlich, was sufficiently impressed by a product demonstration in Quebec in 1987 to endorse the product to his top customers. Sierra On-Line's '' King's Quest IV'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Industrial PC
An industrial PC is a computer intended for industrial purposes (Production (economics), production of Good (economics), goods and Service (economics), services), with a Computer form factor, form factor between a nettop and a 19-inch rack, server rack. Industrial PCs have higher dependability and Precision (computer science), precision standards, and are generally more expensive than consumer electronics. They often use Complex instruction set computer, complex instruction sets, such as x86, where Reduced instruction set computer, reduced instruction sets such as ARM architecture, ARM would otherwise be used. History IBM released the 5531 Industrial Computer in 1984, arguably the first "industrial PC". The IBM 7531, an industrial version of the IBM AT PC was released May 21, 1985. Industrial Computer Source first offered the 6531 Industrial Computer in 1985. This was a proprietary 4U 19-inch rack, rackmount industrial computer based on a clone IBM PC motherboard. Applicati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Super I/O
Super I/O (sometimes Multi-IO) is a class of I/O controller integrated circuits that began to be used on personal computer motherboards in the late 1980s, originally as add-in cards, later embedded on the motherboards. A super I/O chip combines interfaces for a variety of low-bandwidth devices. Now it is mostly merged with EC. Functions The functions below are usually provided by the super I/O if they are on the motherboard: * A floppy-disk controller * An IEEE 1284-compatible parallel port (commonly used for printers) * One or more 16C550-compatible serial port UARTs * Keyboard controller for PS/2 keyboard and/or mouse Most Super I/O chips include some additional low-speed devices, such as: * Temperature, voltage, and fan speed interface * Connect temperature and voltage sensors via SMBus * Thermal Zone * Chassis intrusion detection * Mainboard power management, including control voltage regulator module * LED management * PWM fan speed control * An IrDA Port cont ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PC/104
PC/104 (or PC104) is a family of embedded computer standards which define both form factors and computer buses by the PC/104 Consortium. Its name derives from the 104 pins on the interboard connector ( ISA) in the original PC/104 specification and has been retained in subsequent revisions, despite changes to connectors. PC/104 is intended for specialized environments where a small, rugged computer system is required. The standard is modular, and allows consumers to stack together boards from a variety of COTS manufacturers to produce a customized embedded system. The original PC/104 form factor is somewhat smaller than a desktop PC motherboard at . Unlike other popular computer form factors such as ATX, which rely on a motherboard or backplane, PC/104 boards are stacked on top of each other like building blocks. The PC/104 specification defines four mounting holes at the corners of each module, which allow the boards to be fastened to each other using standoffs. The stack ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CompactFlash
CompactFlash (CF) is a flash memory mass storage device used mainly in portable electronic devices. The format was specified and the devices were first manufactured by SanDisk in 1994. CompactFlash became one of the most successful of the early memory card formats, surpassing Miniature Card and SmartMedia. Subsequent formats, such as MMC/ SD, various Memory Stick formats, and xD-Picture Card offered stiff competition. Most of these cards are smaller than CompactFlash while offering comparable capacity and speed. Proprietary memory card formats for use in professional audio and video, such as P2 and SxS, are faster, but physically larger and more costly. CompactFlash's popularity is declining as CFexpress is taking over. As of 2022, both Canon and Nikon's newest high end cameras, e.g. the Canon EOS R5, Canon EOS R3, and Nikon Z 9 use CFexpress cards for the higher performance required to record 8K video. Traditional CompactFlash cards use the Parallel ATA interf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
